Peri-implant and systemic effects of high-/low-affinity bisphosphonate-hydroxyapatite composite coatings in a rabbit model with peri-implant high bone turnover

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings composed with bisphosphonates (BPs) which have high mineral-binding affinities have been confirmed to successfully enhance implant stability. However, few previous studies focused on HA coatings composed with low-affinity BPs or on systemic effects of locally released BPs. METHODS: In this long-term study, we developed two kinds of BP-HA composite coatings using either high-affinity BP (alendronate, ALN) or low-affinity BP (risedronate, RIS). Thirty-six rabbits were divided into three groups according to different coating applications (group I: HA, group II: ALN-HA, and group III: RIS-HA). Implants were inserted into the proximal region of the medullary cavity of the left tibiay. At insertion, 2 × 10(8) wear particles were injected around implants to induce a peri-implant high bone turnover environment. Both local (left tibias) and systemic (right tibias and lumbar vertebrae) inhibitory effect on bone resorption were compared, including bone-implant integration, bone architecture, bone mineral density (BMD), implant stability, and serum levels of bone turnover markers. RESULTS: The results indicated that ALN-HA composite coating, which could induce higher bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio, bone mass augmentation, BMD, and implant stability in the peri-implant region, was more potent on peri-implant bone, while RIS-HA composite coating, which had significant systemic effect, was more potent on non-peri-implant bone, especially lumbar vertebrae. CONCLUSIONS: It is instructive and meaningful to further clinical studies that we could choose different BP-HA composite coatings according to the patient’s condition

A Coaxially Integrated Photonic Orbital Angular Momentum Beam Multiplexer

We demonstrate an integrated photonic orbital angular momentum beam multiplexer consisting of four nested arc waveguide gratings. Well-defined OAM mode emissions over wide bandwidth of 1-nm enables simultaneous wavelength division multiplexing and OAM multiplexing

Automatic Approaches to Plant Meristem States Revelation and Branching Pattern Extraction: A Review

Non

On the impact of the digital economy on urban resilience based on a spatial Durbin model

Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China between 2011 and 2020, we empirically studied the impact of the digital economy on urban resilience using fixed-effects models, threshold-effects models and spatial Durbin models. Our research findings indicate that (1) the development of the digital economy has a significant positive impact on the enhancement of urban resilience; (2) the promotional effect of the digital economy on urban resilience varies significantly across different regions; (3) the promotional effect of the digital economy on urban resilience exhibits a typical double-threshold characteristic due to the different levels of development in digital financial inclusion and (4) the digital economy has a positive spillover effect on the urban resilience of surrounding areas. Therefore, we should actively promote the development of the digital economy and digital financial inclusion, making the digital economy a new driving force for promoting urban resilience

The impact of population agglomeration on ecological resilience: Evidence from China

Due to climate change and human activities, ecological and environmental issues have become increasingly prominent and it is crucial to deeply study the coordinated development between human activities and the ecological environment. Combining panel data from 31 provinces in China spanning from 2011 to 2020, we employed a fixed-effects model, a threshold regression model, and a spatial Durbin model to empirically examine the intricate impacts of population agglomeration on ecological resilience. Our findings indicate that population agglomeration can have an impact on ecological resilience and this impact depends on the combined effects of agglomeration and crowding effects. Also, the impact of population agglomeration on ecological resilience exhibits typical dual-threshold traits due to differences in population size. Furthermore, population agglomeration not only directly impacts the ecological resilience of the local area, but also indirectly affects the ecological resilience of surrounding areas. In conclusion, we have found that population agglomeration does not absolutely impede the development of ecological resilience. On the contrary, to a certain extent, reasonable population agglomeration can even facilitate the progress of ecological resilience

Treatment Effects of the Second-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dasatinib on Autoimmune Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease that primarily manifests as persistent synovitis and progressive joint destruction. Imatinib exhibited a therapeutic effect in murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) via selective inhibition tyrosine kinases. The second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib exhibits more durable hematological and cytogenetic effects and more potency compared to imatinib. However, the effect of dasatinib on CIA is poorly understood. The present study investigated the treatment effect of dasatinib on autoimmune arthritis. We demonstrated that dasatinib alleviated arthritis symptoms and histopathological destruction in CIA mice. Dasatinib treatment inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and promoted the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Dasatinib treatment also suppressed the expression of anti-mouse CII antibodies including total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG2b, in CIA mice. We further demonstrated that dasatinib inhibited the migration and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients and promoted FLS apoptosis. The mRNA expression of MMP13, VEGF, FGF, and DKK1 was down-regulated in FLS treated with dasatinib. Our findings suggest that dasatinib exhibited treatment effects on CIA mice and that FLS are an important target cell of dasatinib treatment in autoimmune arthritis

Effect of tRF-Pro-CGG on the biological behavior of mouse pancreatic cancer cells and its molecular mechanism

Background and purpose: tRNA-derived fragments (tRF) are a kind of short non-coding RNA (14-30 nt) that influences the course of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the molecular pathways that might underlie the effects of tRF-Pro-CGG on the biological behavior of mouse pancreatic cancer cells. Methods: Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) was used to assess the expression of tRF-Pro-CGG in mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines pan02 and LTPA, human pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-2, and normal pancreatic cells HPDE6-C7. tRF-Pro-CGG overexpression in pan02 cells and LTPA cell suppression were achieved through lentiviral transfection, and RTFQ-PCR and Western blot were used to determine overexpression and knockdown effects. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion ability. The effect of tRF-Pro-CGG on the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer transplantation tumors in nude mice model was investigated. H-E staining was used to observe the histopathological structure of transplantation tumors. Western blot was used to detect the expression and phosphorylation of proliferation-related protein Ki-67 and metastasis-related proteins. Western blot was used to assess the expressions of cadherin, vimentin, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway protein and phosphorylation in transplanted tumor tissues. Results: tRF-Pro-CGG expression was lowest in the mouse pancreatic cancer cell line pan02. Both mRNA and protein expression levels of tRF-Pro-CGG were significantly increased (P <0.01) after transfection of tRF-Pro-CGG mimics in pan02 cells, and cell proliferation ability (P<0.01), cell migration (P<0.001) and invasion ability (P<0.001) were significantly reduced. A significant decrease in the volume (P<0.01) and weight (P<0.001) of transplanted tumors in nude mice was observed, and significant necrotic and apoptotic cells in transplanted tumor were identified. In transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice, the Ki-67 proliferatien index and expression of vimentin were significantly decreased (P<0.001), while E-cadherin was increased (P<0.001). The expressions of PI3K, P-PI3K, AKT and P-AKT were significantly decreased (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the number of liver metastases from pancreatic cancer (P>0.05). The mouse pancreatic cancer cell line LTPA had the greatest level of tRF-Pro-CGG expression. The mRNA and protein expression levels of tRF-Pro-CGG were significantly reduced (P<0.01) after transfection of tRF-Pro-CGG inhibitor in LTPA cells. The proliferation ability of cells was significantly increased (P<0.01), the migration of cells (P<0.001) and invasive ability (P<0.001) were significantly increased. The volume (P<0.01) and weight (P<0.01) of transplanted tumors in nude mice were significantly increased, and a limited proportion of necrotic and apoptotic cells were seen in nude mice tumor tissues implanted. In the transplanted tumor tissues of nude mice, the Ki-67 proliferation index and expression of vimentin were significantly increased (P<0.001), while E-cadherin was decreased (P<0.001). The expressions of PI3K, P-PI3K, AKT, and P-AKT were significantly increased (P<0.001). There was no difference in the number of liver metastases from pancreatic cancer (P>0.05). Conclusion: Overexpression of tRF-Pro-CGG reduced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in mice, slowed the formation of pancreatic cancer transplanted tumors in nude mice, and decreased Ki-67 proliferation index and expression of vimentin and PI3K/AKT phosphorylation levels. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may be regulated by tRF-Pro-CGG, which may suppress the development of pancreatic cancer

Optoelectronic properties of atomically thin ReSSe with weak interlayer coupling

Rhenium dichalcogenides, such as ReS2 and ReSe2, have attracted a lot of interests due to the weak interlayered coupling in these materials. Studies of rhenium based dichalcogenide alloys will help us understand the differences between binary rhenium dichalcogenides. They will also extend the applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials through alloying. In this work, we studied the optoelectronic properties of ReSSe with a S and Se ratio of 1 : 1. The band gap of the ReSSe alloy is investigated by optical absorption spectra as well as theoretical calculations. The alloy shows weak interlayered coupling, as evidenced by the Raman spectrum. A field-effect transistor based on ReSSe shows typical n-type behavior with a mobility of about 3 cm2 V-1 s-1 and an on/off ratio of 105, together with the in-plane anisotropic conductivity. The device also shows good photoresponse properties, with a photoresponsivity of 8 A W-1. The results demonstrated here will provide new avenues for the study of 2D materials with weak interlayer interactions and in-plane anisotropy

Improving the Efficacy of Conventional Therapy by Adding Andrographolide Sulfonate in the Treatment of Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background. Herb-derived compound andrographolide sulfonate (called Xiyanping injection) recommended control measure for severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) by the Ministry of Health (China) during the 2010 epidemic. However, there is a lack of good quality evidence directly comparing the efficacy of Andrographolide Sulfonate combination therapy with conventional therapy. Methods. 230 patients were randomly assigned to 7–10 days of Andrographolide Sulfonate 5–10 mg/Kg/day and conventional therapy, or conventional therapy alone. Results. The major complications occurred less often after Andrographolide Sulfonate (2.6% versus 12.1%; risk difference [RD], 0.94; 95% CI, 0.28–1.61; P=0.006). Median fever clearance times were 96 hours (CI, 80 to 126) for conventional therapy recipients and 48 hours (CI, 36 to 54) for Andrographolide Sulfonate combination-treated patients (χ2=16.57, P<0.001). The two groups did not differ in terms of HFMD-cause mortality (P=1.00) and duration of hospitalization (P=0.70). There was one death in conventional therapy group. No important adverse event was found in Andrographolide Sulfonate combination therapy group. Conclusions. The addition of Andrographolide Sulfonate to conventional therapy reduced the occurrence of major complications, fever clearance time, and the healing time of typical skin or oral mucosa lesions in children with severe HFMD