Guanidinium l-glutamate

In the title compound, CH6N3 +·C5H8NO4 −, there are two independent cations and two independent anions in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal structure, cations and anions are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network

Efficacy of Difenoconazole Emulsifiable Concentrate with Ionic Liquids against Cucumbers Powdery Mildew

Among eight ionic liquids (ILs) examined, 1-n-butyl-4-methyl-pyridinium bromide (BMPyBr,  5) was used in this study as an appropriate alternative to benzene homologs and derivatives to be used in 10 wt% water-insoluble difenoconazole emulsifiable concentrate (EC). Moreover, 10 wt% difenoconazole EC with BMPyBr (5) exhibited the same efficacy as 10 wt% difenoconazole wettable powder (WP) against powdery mildew on cucumbers under field conditions. The results revealed that difenoconazole EC with BMPyBr (5) had excellent stability at 268 K and 327 K after 14 days through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Therefore, ILs can be considered as promising environment-friendly adjuvants for pesticides that are commercially processed as EC formulation

The Chinese Social Evaluative Word List

A large number of research on social evaluation relied on words and other linguistic materials. However, there is no comprehensive Chinese social evaluative word list. To fill the gap, we developed a Chinese Social Evaluative Word List from five dimensions: appearance, socioeconomic status, sociability, competence, and morality. We first conducted a small-scale pilot study to verify the feasibility of the five social evaluation dimensions by collecting words and rating 71 words from these five dimensions. Then, we recruited a large sample (n = 1270, 50% female) from seven regions in China to rate 1911 words on these five social evaluation dimensions and valence. Based on these ratings, we selected words that were unambiguously rated as belonging to one of five dimensions. The final word list includes 256 words for appearance (158 positive, 98 negative), 113 words for socioeconomic status (41 positive, 72 negative), 111 words for sociability (64 positive, 47 negative), 284 words for competence (206 positive, 78 negative), and 369 words for morality (176 positive, 193 negative). This word list provides a comprehensive Chinese social evaluative word list and will serve as a useful resource for researchers in social psychology, linguistics, sociology, and computational social science

Recycle and recovery of rhodium complexes with water-soluble and amphiphilic phosphines in ionic liquids for hydroformylation of 1-hexene

A biphasic catalysis system composed of ionic liquid and rhodium complexes with water-soluble or amphiphilic phosphine ligands bearing water-soluble groups of sodium sulfonate have been employed for hydroformylation of 1-hexene. The experimental results show that the activity is almost independent of the hydrotropicity of the phosphine ligands in BMI center dot BF4. In this system, the extraction of phosphine species by the organics from the IL phase was quite low but larger than that of rhodium species and showed rather good stability of catalytic activity. A slight decrease in the aldehyde n/i ratio during the catalyst reuse could be recovered, in part, by replenishing certain amount of ligand into the used catalyst system

Enhanced Aluminum-Ion Storage Properties of N-Doped Titanium Dioxide Electrode in Aqueous Aluminum-Ion Batteries

Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) have great potential as devices for future large-scale energy storage systems due to the cost efficiency, environmentally friendly nature, and impressive theoretical energy density of Al. However, currently, available materials used as anodes for aqueous AIBs are scarce. In this study, a novel sol-gel method was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) as a potential anode material for AIBs in water. The annealed N-TiO2 showed a high discharge capacity of 43.2 mAh g−1 at a current density of 3 A g−1. Analysis of the electrode kinetics revealed that the N-TiO2 anodes exhibited rapid diffusion of aluminum ions, low resistance to charge transfer, and high electronic conductivity, enabling good rate performance. The successful implementation of a nitrogen-doping strategy provides a promising approach to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of electrode materials for aqueous AIBs

Interaction between microspheres of collagen/biphasic calcium phosphate and mesenchymal stem cells

Collagen has been widely used as biomaterials for its excellent biocompatibility and the potential to guide tissue regeneration. Based on the inducing regeneration concept, collagen/biphasic calcium phosphate microspheres (BCP) were prepared by utilising emulsion polymerisation and the intrinsic self-assembly of collagen. The bioactivity of the micro collagen/BCP composites was preliminarily evaluated by in vitro co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the results indicated that the composites can provide an appropriate environment for the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and have a potential clinical application in the bone tissue engineering field. 漏 2012 The Institution of Engineering and Technology

Alterations in Plasma Lipidomic Profiles in Adult Patients with Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder

Background and Objectives: Lipidomics is a pivotal tool for investigating the pathogenesis of mental disorders. However, studies qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing peripheral lipids in adult patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are limited. Moreover, there are no studies comparing the lipid profiles in these patient populations. Materials and Method: Lipidomic data for plasma samples from sex- and age-matched patients with SCZ or MDD and healthy controls (HC) were obtained and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results: We observed changes in lipid composition in patients with MDD and SCZ, with more significant alterations in those with SCZ. In addition, a potential diagnostic panel comprising 103 lipid species and another diagnostic panel comprising 111 lipid species could distinguish SCZ from HC (AUC = 0.953) or SCZ from MDD (AUC = 0.920) were identified, respectively. Conclusions: This study provides an increased understanding of dysfunctional lipid composition in the plasma of adult patients with SCZ or MDD, which may lay the foundation for identifying novel clinical diagnostic methods for these disorders