Nanostructured Electrode Materials Derived from Metal–Organic Framework Xerogels for High-Energy-Density Asymmetric Supercapacitor

This work successfully demonstrates metal–organic framework (MOF) derived strategy to prepare nanoporous carbon (NPC) with or without Fe₃O₄/Fe nanoparticles by the optimization of calcination temperature as highly active electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors (ASC). The nanostructured Fe₃O₄/Fe/C hybrid shows high specific capacitance of 600 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and excellent capacitance retention up to 500 F/g at 8 A/g. Furthermore, hierarchically NPC with high surface area also obtained from MOF gels displays excellent electrochemical performance of 272 F/g at 2 mV/s. Considering practical applications, aqueous ASC (aASC) was also assembled, which shows high energy density of 17.496 Wh/kg at the power density of 388.8 W/kg. The high energy density and excellent capacity retention of the developed materials show great promise for the practical utilization of these energy storage devices

MOESM1 of 14-3-3ζ loss leads to neonatal lethality by microRNA-126 downregulation-mediated developmental defects in lung vasculature

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Characterization of the ES cell line RRR334. A RT-PCR to confirm that the cell line traps 14-3-3ζ schematic view of the integration of the gene trap vector in the 14-3-3ζ gene as described in the legend of Fig. 1. The arrowheads indicate the primers for PCR. Endogenous 14-3-3ζ is expressed both in wild-type ES cell control, TC1, and the mutant cell line RRR334. The exogenous mutant allele exists only in the RRR334 cell line. B Determination of the integration site of the gene trap vector using PCR. Arrowheads indicate the primers for PCR. The numbers on each lane of the gel indicate the primer position in the 14-3-3ζ gene. “N” indicates negative control; “M” indicates marker. The 1636 and 506-bp marker sizes are shown. C Western blot analysis of 14-3-3ζ expression level in 8 week old female B6/129 mice mammary gland. Quantification of relative 14-3-3ζ expression level is shown below the 14-3-3ζ blot panel. Figure S2. Characterization of truncated 14-3-3ζ. A Western blot of lysate of MCF7 vector control transfectants (Vc) and two MCF7 transfectants of HA-tagged N-terminal fragment 139 amino acids of 14-3-3ζ [C-terminal deletion (ΔC1 and ΔC12)]. Cells were treated with DMSO or 50 nM MG132 for 4 h. Endogenous 14-3-3ζ was detected using 14-3-3ζ antibody, while the exogenous 14-3-3ζ C-terminal deletion fragment was detected using HA antibody. B 14-3-3ζ N-terminal fragment did not affect p-Mek1 and p-Akt levels. Western blot on lysates from the indicated transfectants were performed with indicated antibodies. β-Actin was used as loading control. C 14-3-3ζ N-terminal fragment did not affect proliferation in MCF-7 cells. MTT assay was performed on the three indicated transfectants. OD was measured at 570 nm and normalized to 650 nm. Figure S3. 14-3-3ζ expression in FVB/NJ and CD-1 14-3-3ζ+/+ and 14-3-3ζ−/− mice. A Analysis of 14-3-3ζ and β-actin in different organs in the CD-1 14-3-3ζ+/+ and 14-3-3ζ−/− mice by western blotting. Quantification of relative 14-3-3ζ expression level is shown below the western panel. B Analysis of 14-3-3ζ and β-actin in different organs in the FVB/NJ 14-3-3ζ+/+ and 14-3-3ζ−/− mice by western blotting. Quantification of relative 14-3-3ζ expression level is shown below the western panel. C Analysis of 14-3-3ζ, 14-3-3β, 14-3-3ε and β-actin in the liver, kidney and lungs from FVB/NJ 14-3-3ζ+/+ and 14-3-3ζ−/− mice by western blotting. Quantification of relative 14-3-3ζ, 14-3-3β, 14-3-3ε expression level is shown below the western panel

Neutrophils resist ferroptosis and promote breast cancer metastasis through aconitate decarboxylase 1

Metastasis causes breast cancer-related mortality. Tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs) inflict immunosuppression and promote metastasis. Therapeutic debilitation of TINs may enhance immunotherapy, yet it remains a challenge to identify therapeutic targets highly expressed and functionally essential in TINs but under-expressed in extra-tumoral neutrophils. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing to compare TINs and circulating neutrophils in murine mammary tumor models, we identified aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) as the most upregulated metabolic enzyme in mouse TINs and validated high Acod1 expression in human TINs. Activated through the GM-CSF-JAK/STAT5-C/EBPβ pathway, Acod1 produces itaconate, which mediates Nrf2-dependent defense against ferroptosis and upholds the persistence of TINs. Acod1 ablation abates TIN infiltration, constrains metastasis (but not primary tumors), bolsters antitumor T cell immunity, and boosts the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. Our findings reveal how TINs escape from ferroptosis through the Acod1-dependent immunometabolism switch and establish Acod1 as a target to offset immunosuppression and improve immunotherapy against metastasis.</p