Synthesis, structure, and characterization of two 1-D homometallic coordination polymers based on carboxylate-functionlized salen ligands

<div><p>Two 1-D homometallic coordination polymers <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> have been prepared by one-step hydrothermal reactions of carboxylate-functionalized salen ligands with Co(II) and Mn(II), respectively. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that both the 1-D chains give 3-D supramolecular structures through intermolecular hydrogen bonds and <i>π</i><i>π</i> packing interactions. Magnetic investigation of <b>2</b> indicates the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions in 1-D chains.</p></div

Survival of nude mice after intracranial injection of recombinant C3 retrovirus into established SHG44 gliomas

SHG44 were implanted into the frontal lobe of nude mice. After 3 days, tumors were injected with a single dose of recombinant C3 retrovirus or PBS (n = 8/group). Compared with animals treated with PBS (dash line), a significant increase in survival occurs in those treated with recombinant C3 retrovirus (solid line) (p < 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Graph showing cell growth treated with recombinant C1, C3, C4, blank retroviral vector (C0) and transfection reagent oligofectamine alone (X)

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Expression of CDC2 in one recurrence brain tumor case was detected by RT-PCR

CDC2 gradually increased with malignant grade, β-actin served as an equal loading control. Normal brain tissue (lane A), primer ganglioglioma (lane B), first recurrence anaplastic astrocytoma (lane C), second recurrence glioblastoma multiform (lane D)<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Immunoreactive score of CDC2/CyclinB1 in different grade brain tumor and normal brain tissues

A-I: CDC2 immunohistochemical images, J-R: CyclinB1 immunohistochemical images. CDC2/CyclinB1 was expressed in the cytoplasm of tumour cells. A/J: Normal adult brain tumor (-); B/K: Polycystic astrocytoma (-); C/L: Fibrillary astrocytoma (+); D/M: Anaplastic Astrocytoma (++); E/N: medulloblastoma (+++); F/O: SHG44 multicellular tumor spheres (+++); G/P: GBM multicellular tumor spheres (+++); H/Q: Neural stem cell spheres (-); I/R: Brain tumor stem cells spheres (-).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Injection of recombinant retrovirus significantly decreased xenogeneic graft tumor volume

The upper row in the pictures show xenogeneic graft tumor specimens treated with saline as control. The lower row show xenogeneic graft tumor specimens treated with recombinant C3 retrovirus. The lower quartile, median and the upper quartile is 57.6 mg, 79.8 mg, 124.7 mg, respectively in control. The lower quartile, median and the upper quartile is 18.1 mg, 33.5 mg and 42.7 mg respectively in treated (P = 0.003, n = 8).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Reduction of CDC2 mRNA and protein in SHG44 cell lines by recombinant C1 or C3

A, B, RT-PCR analysis: SHG44 cells were treated with recombinant C1 or C3, C4, blank retroviral vector (C0) and transfection reagent oligofectamine alone (X) for 48 h, β-actin served as an equal loading control. C, Western blot analysis, the membrane was stained with antibodies against CDC2 and GAPDH. The latter served as an equal loading control.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Overexpression of CDC2/CyclinB1 in gliomas, and CDC2 depletion inhibits proliferation of human glioma cells and "</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/8/29</p><p>BMC Cancer 2008;8():29-29.</p><p>Published online 29 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2270850.</p><p></p

Color-Tuning Strategy for Iridapolycycles [(N^∧N)Ir(C^∧C)ClPPh₃]⁺ by the Synergistic Modifications on Both the C^∧C and N^∧N Units

The luminescent studies of cyclometalated Ir­(III) complexes have attracted considerable interests in recent years. To fulfill the needs of emission wavelengths in various areas, the strategic emission color tuning of iridium­(III) complexes is vital for their applications as phosphorescent materials. However, a feasible color-tuning method for iridacycles with fused carbon-rings (C^∧C) has not been reported yet. Herein, a convenient color-tuning strategy for C^∧C-based Iridacycles is accomplished with the aid of DFT calculations. The developed synthetic protocol allowed facile modifications on C^∧C units and N^∧N units via a one-pot synthesis starting from iridium vinyl complexes, accessing the novel phosphorescent iridapolycycles [(N^∧N)­Ir­(C^∧C)­ClPPh₃]⁺

Transferrin Modified Graphene Oxide for Glioma-Targeted Drug Delivery: In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluations

Transferrin (Tf), an iron-transporting serum glycoprotein that binds to receptors overexpressed at the surface of glioma cells, was chosen as the ligand to develop Tf-conjugated PEGylated nanoscaled graphene oxide (GO) for loading and glioma targeting delivery of anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) (Tf-PEG-GO-Dox). Tf-GO with lateral dimensions of 100–400 nm exhibited a Dox loading ratio up to 115.4%. Compared with Dox-loaded PEGylated GO (PEG-GO-Dox) and free Dox, Tf-PEG-GO-Dox displayed greater intracellular delivery efficiency and stronger cytotoxicity against C6 glioma cells. A competition test showed that Tf was essential to glioma targeting in vitro. The HPLC assay for Dox concentration in tumor tissue and contrapart tissue of the brain demonstrated that Tf-PEG-GO-Dox could deliver more Dox into tumor in vivo. The life span of tumor bearing rats after the administration of Tf-PEG-GO-Dox was extended significantly compared to the rats treated with saline, Dox, and PEG-GO-Dox. In conclusion, we developed Tf-PEG-GO-Dox which exhibited significantly improved therapeutic efficacy for glioma both in vitro and in vivo

Transferrin-modified doxorubicin-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles exhibit enhanced efficacy in treating brain glioma-bearing rats

Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used for the treatment of solid tumors but its clinical utility on glioma is limited. In this study, we developed a novel nano-scale drug delivery system employing biodegradable nanoparticle (NP) as carriers to load Dox. Transferrin (Tf) was conjugated to the surface of NP to specifically target the NP to glioma. Tf-NP-Dox was prepared via emulsification-solvent evaporation method, and characterized for the size, Drug loading capacity (DLC), entrapment efficiency, and Tf number on the surface. The antitumor efficiency in vitro was evaluated via CCK-8 assay. The transmembrane transportation was evaluated via HPLC assay. The antitumor efficiency in vivo was assessed in C6 glioma intracranial implant rat model. The average diameter of Tf-NP-Dox was 100 nm with ∼32 Tf molecules on the surface. DLC was 4.4%. CCK-8 assay demonstrated much stronger cytotoxicity of Tf-NP-Dox to C6 glioma cells compared to NP-Dox or Dox. HPLC assay showed that Tf-NP-Dox transported Dox into C6 cells with high efficiency. In vivo, Tf-NP-Dox could transport Dox into tumors compare to contralateral part, with tumor inhibitory ratio and survival higher than NP-Dox or Dox. Taken together, our results suggest that Tf-NP-Dox exhibits better therapeutic effects against glioma both in vitro and in vivo, and is a potential nano-scale drug delivery system for glioma chemotherapy