Distribution of the sampling locations (capital letters denote populations).

<p>Distribution of the sampling locations (capital letters denote populations).</p

Results of correlation test based on 23 <i>E. breviscapus</i> populations (without meteorological data).

<p>Values in bold are different from 0 with a significant level, alpha = 0.05.</p><p>Correlation matrix (Pearson) is listed below the diagonal, while the <i>P</i>-values are listed above the diagonal.</p

PCA of four chemical components of <i>E. breviscapus</i> including (A) the PCA distribution of variables and (B) the PCA distribution of samples (capital letters denote populations).

<p>PCA of four chemical components of <i>E. breviscapus</i> including (A) the PCA distribution of variables and (B) the PCA distribution of samples (capital letters denote populations).</p

The concentrations of four chemical compounds in 23 <i>E. breviscapus</i> populations.

<p>The concentrations of four chemical compounds in 23 <i>E. breviscapus</i> populations.</p

Results of correlation test between chemical compounds and meteorological data in 19 <i>E. breviscapus</i> populations (excluding population E, G, S and U).

<p>Values in bold are different from 0 with a significant level, alpha = 0.05.</p><p><i>P</i>-values are listed in parentheses.</p

The eigenvector values obtained from the PCA analyses on four chemical components of <i>E. breviscapus</i>.

<p>The eigenvector values obtained from the PCA analyses on four chemical components of <i>E. breviscapus</i>.</p

The sampling information for 23 <i>E. breviscapus</i> populations, including environmental data.

a<p>Lack of meteorological data.</p

Geissoschizine methyl ether <i>N</i>-oxide, a new alkaloid with antiacetylcholinesterase activity from <i>Uncaria rhynchophylla</i>

<div><p>Geissoschizine methyl ether <i>N</i>-oxide, a new oxindole alkaloid, along with 14 known alkaloids, was isolated from the aerial part of <i>Uncaria rhynchophylla</i>. Their structures were identified by comprehensive spectral methods, including 2D NMR experiments, and confirmed by comparing with the literature data. <i>In vitro</i> acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity assay showed that the new compound exhibited anti-AChE activity with IC₅₀ value of 23.4 μM.</p></div