Physical and mental health impairments experienced by operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants during laparoscopic surgery: a cross-sectional survey

IntroductionSurgeons may experience physical and mental health problems because of their jobs, which may lead to chronic muscle damage, burnout, or even withdrawal. However, these are often ignored in camera-holder assistants during laparoscopic surgery. We aimed to analyze the differences between operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants.MethodsFrom January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the muscle pain, fatigue, verbal scolding, and task load for operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Space Administration Task Load Index, and the Surgical Task Load Index (SURG-TLX) were combined in the questionnaire.Results2,184 operations were performed by a total of 94 operating surgeons and 220 camera assistants. 81% of operating surgeons and 78% of camera-holder assistants reported muscle pain/discomfort during the procedure. The most affected anatomic region was the shoulders for operating surgeons, and the lower back for camera-holder assistants. Intraoperative fatigue was reported by 41.7% of operating surgeons and 51.7% of camera-holder assistants. 55.2% of camera-holder assistants reported verbal scolding from the operating surgeons, primarily attributed to lapses in laparoscope movement coordination. The SURG-TLX results showed that the distributions of mental, physical, and situational stress for operating surgeons and camera-holder assistants were comparable.ConclusionLike operating surgeons, camera-holder assistants also face similar physical and mental health impairments while performing laparoscopic surgery. Improvements to the working conditions of the camera-holder assistant should not be overlooked

Complete chloroplast genome of Eurycorymbus Cavaleriei (Sapindaceae), a tertiary relic rare tree

The dioecious relic Eurycorymbus cavaleriei is a tertiary relict and only species of its genus within the family Sapindaceae. Using an Illumina platform, we sequenced its complete chloroplast (cp) genome. Our study reveals that E. cavaleriei has a typical cp genome of 158,537 bp in length, comprised of a large single-copy region (LSC) of 86,693 bp, a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,012 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 26,916 bp, respectively. A total of 137 genes, 89 of which are protein-coding genes, 40 tRNA genes, 8 rRNA genes were identified. The overall GC content of the plastome is 38.0%. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that E. cavaleriei is closely related to the species of Dodonaea viscosa

Two phase tillage: quick method for crop production in saline soils

High soil salinity restricts crop growth in saline soil area. The traditional way for crop production in that area is to reclaim by water engineering method, i.e. irrigation. However in coastal saline area around Bohai Sea due to fresh water shortage, low elevation and high groundwater table, it is difficult to reclaim the saline soils by that method. In this paper we introduce a method for crop production in saline soils based on the local climate, soil salt dynamics and the characteristics of crop growth. The key technology is to form two phases in soil profile, i.e. to form a 5 cm straw layer below 20 30 cm of soil surface. The role of the straw layer is to keep the salt moving up to root zone or soil surface. Results show that when winter wheat started to grow in early spring, the surface soil salinity is 2.8 and 17 ms/dm in treatment and CK respectively. At the same stage, 80% of seedlings was died in CK and almost no died in treatment. Finally the seeds yield was 6270 kg/ha and 1290 kg/ha in treatment and CK respectively.vokMyynti MTT tietopalvelu

Emerging Roles of the Unique Molecular Chaperone Cosmc in the Regulation of Health and Disease

The core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase-specific chaperone 1 (Cosmc) is a unique molecular chaperone of core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase(C1GALT1), which typically functions inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Cosmc helps C1GALT1 to fold correctly and maintain activity. It also participates in the synthesis of the T antigen, O-glycan, together with C1GALT1. Cosmc is a multifaceted molecule with a wide range of roles and functions. It involves platelet production and the regulation of immune cell function. Besides that, the loss of function of Cosmc also facilitates the development of several diseases, such as inflammation diseases, immune-mediated diseases, and cancer. It suggests that Cosmc is a critical control point in diseases and that it should be regarded as a potential target for oncotherapy. It is essential to fully comprehend Cosmc’s roles, as they may provide critical information about its involvement in disease development and pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the role of Cosmc in normal development and diseases

Study on contact angle of double-decker bearing with consider of centrifugal expansion

Improving the precision of numerical calculation of double-decker bearing is the basis of exploring its potential application value. This paper takes double-decker bearing as the research object, a modified quasi-statics model of double-decker bearing was established by considering the influence of the centrifugal expansion of the inner and middle ring of double-decker bearing at high speed and solve it with soft of Matlab. The influence of centrifugal expansion on the contact angle of the double-decker bearing was analyzed. The results show that the centrifugal expansion caused by the inner ring and middle ring under high speed can not be ignored, and the centrifugal expansion has a greater influence on the contact angle of inner bearing than that of outer bearing. The influence of centrifugal expansion on the dynamic properties of different materials is different, and the change of contact angle caused by ceramic as the inner ring and middle ring is greater than that of steel. It provides the basis for more accurate numerical analysis and design of the double-decker bearing

Edge node buffer usage in optical burst switching networks

10.1007/s11107-006-0013-6Photonic Network Communications13131-5

Fecal microbiota transplantation: no longer cinderella in tumour immunotherapy

Summary: The incidence of cancer has shown a great increase during the past decades and poses tough challenges to cancer treatment. Anti-tumour immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), possesses favorable remission in unrestricted spectrum of cancer types. However, its efficacy seems to be heterogeneous among accumulating studies. Emerging evidences suggest that gut microbiota can modulate anti-tumour immuno-response and predict clinical prognosis. Therefore, remodeling microbiota characteristics with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be capable of reinforcing host ICIs performance by regulating immune-tumour cell interactions and altering microbial metabolites, thereby imperceptibly shifting the tumour microenvironment. However, the long-term safety of FMT is under concern, which calls for more rigorous screening. In this review, we examine current experimental and clinical evidences supporting the FMT efficacy in boosting anti-tumour immuno-response and lessening tumour-related complications. Moreover, we discuss the challenges in FMT and propose feasible resolutions, which may offer crucial guidance for future clinical operations

Movement of water in compacted bentonite and its relation with swelling pressure

A testing procedure was proposed to study movement water in compacted bentonite and the development of swelling pressure (ps) when compacted bentonite specimens were wetted. In this procedure, a multi-ring mold was introduced for ps measurements, after which the specimen was sliced for X-ray diffraction test to find movement of water in the interlayer space of montmorillonite. Results revealed a relation between four phases of ps development and evolution of four states of interlayer water molecule arrangement of montmorillonite (L): when ps reached its first peak in phase I, L moved from 1 row water arrangement (1w) to at least 2w; when ps decreased and re-increased in phase II or III, L moved from 2w to at least 3w; and when ps reaches a steady state in phase IV for L = 3w. The w distribution in the compacted bentonite was also measured as water absorption time increased. Based on those results, the global water movement was estimated in terms of diffusivity (D) following a method employing Boltzmann transform. Results of comparisons implied that D calculated using this method well matched experimental data well and the method was rather easily handled.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Swelling‐Induced Structural Transformation Strategy: Controllable Synthesis of 2D Porous Polypyrrole/MXene Heterostructures with Tunable Pore Structures

Abstract 2D porous polymers have received great attention in many fields. Particularly, 2D porous polymers are considered as potential electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, the controllable synthesis of 2D porous polymers is not only faced with the difficulty in precisely controlling the reaction dynamics but is also challenged by the complex pore structure fabrication. In this paper, a swelling‐induced structural transformation strategy for the construction of 2D porous polypyrrole/MXene heterostructures (2D porous PPy/MXene) is proposed. The obtained 2D porous PPy/MXene samples own similar chemical compositions with adjusted pore structures (cylindrical mesostructure, spherical mesostructure, and spherical macrostructure), high specific surface areas (≈129–188 m2 g−1), and tunable pore sizes (≈7.8–52 nm). Due to the fast transport and diffusion of electrolytes and more electrode/electrolyte interface offered by cylindrical mesopores with high specific surface areas, the 2D porous PPy/MXene shows superior supercapacitor performances. This work sheds light on the effect of pore structures on supercapacitor performances of 2D porous polymers, and also provides clues for the fabrication of 2D porous polymers with tailorable pore structures as high‐performance energy storage materials