4,863 research outputs found
Bound State Solutions of Klein-Gordon Equation with the Kratzer Potential
The relativistic problem of spinless particle subject to a Kratzer potential
is analyzed. Bound state solutions for the s-wave are found by separating the
Klein-Gordon equation in two parts, unlike the similar works in the literature,
which provides one to see explicitly the relativistic contributions, if any, to
the solution in the non-relativistic limit.Comment: 6 page
A size of ~1 AU for the radio source Sgr A* at the centre of the Milky Way
Although it is widely accepted that most galaxies have supermassive black
holes (SMBHs) at their centers^{1-3}, concrete proof has proved elusive.
Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*)^4, an extremely compact radio source at the center of
our Galaxy, is the best candidate for proof^{5-7}, because it is the closest.
Previous Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations (at 7mm) have
detected that Sgr A* is ~2 astronomical unit (AU) in size^8, but this is still
larger than the "shadow" (a remarkably dim inner region encircled by a bright
ring) arising from general relativistic effects near the event horizon^9.
Moreover, the measured size is wavelength dependent^{10}. Here we report a
radio image of Sgr A* at a wavelength of 3.5mm, demonstrating that its size is
\~1 AU. When combined with the lower limit on its mass^{11}, the lower limit on
the mass density is 6.5x10^{21} Msun pc^{-3}, which provides the most stringent
evidence to date that Sgr A* is an SMBH. The power-law relationship between
wavelength and intrinsic size (The size is proportional to wavelength^{1.09}),
explicitly rules out explanations other than those emission models with
stratified structure, which predict a smaller emitting region observed at a
shorter radio wavelength.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure
Left-Right Asymmetry of Weak Interaction Mass of Polarized Fermions in Flight
The left-right polarization-dependent asymmetry of the weak interaction mass
is investigated. Based on the Standard Model, the calculation shows that the
weak interaction mass of left-handed polarized fermions is always greater than
that of right-handed polarized fermions in flight with the same velocity in any
inertial frame. The asymmetry of the weak interaction mass might be very
important to the investigation of neutrino mass and would have an important
significance for understanding the parity nonconservation in weak interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, corrected calculatio
Stability of spin-0 graviton and strong coupling in Horava-Lifshitz theory of gravity
In this paper, we consider two different issues, stability and strong
coupling, raised lately in the newly-proposed Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of
quantum gravity with projectability condition. We find that all the scalar
modes are stable in the de Sitter background, due to two different kinds of
effects, one from high-order derivatives of the spacetime curvature, and the
other from the exponential expansion of the de Sitter space. Combining these
effects properly, one can make the instability found in the Minkowski
background never appear even for small-scale modes, provided that the IR limit
is sufficiently closed to the relativistic fixed point. At the fixed point, all
the modes become stabilized. We also show that the instability of Minkowski
spacetime can be cured by introducing mass to the spin-0 graviton. The strong
coupling problem is investigated following the effective field theory approach,
and found that it cannot be cured by the Blas-Pujolas-Sibiryakov mechanism,
initially designed for the case without projectability condition, but might be
circumvented by the Vainshtein mechanism, due to the non-linear effects. In
fact, we construct a class of exact solutions, and show explicitly that it
reduces smoothly to the de Sitter spacetime in the relativistic limit.Comment: Some points regarding to strong coupling are further clarified, and
typos corrected. revtex4, 9 figures. Version to appear in Physical Reviews
Impurity and interface bound states in and superconductors
Motivated by recent discoveries of novel superconductors such as
NaCoOHO and SrRuO, we analysize features of
quasi-particle scattering due to impurities and interfaces for possible gapful
and Cooper pairing. A bound state appears near
a local impurity, and a band of bound states form near an interface. We
obtained analytically the bound state energy, and calculated the space and
energy dependent local density of states resolvable by high-resolution scanning
tunnelling microscopy. For comparison we also sketch results of impurity and
surface states if the pairing is nodal p- or d-wave.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
U(1) symmetry and elimination of spin-0 gravitons in Horava-Lifshitz gravity without the projectability condition
In this paper, we show that the spin-0 gravitons appearing in Horava-Lifshitz
gravity without the projectability condition can be eliminated by extending the
gauge symmetries of the foliation-preserving diffeomorphisms to include a local
U(1) symmetry. As a result, the problems of stability, ghost, strong coupling,
and different speeds in the gravitational sector are automatically resolved. In
addition, with the detailed balance condition softly breaking, the number of
independent coupling constants can be significantly reduced (from more than 70
down to 15), while the theory is still UV complete and possesses a healthy IR
limit, whereby the prediction powers of the theory are considerably improved.
The strong coupling problem in the matter sector can be cured by introducing an
energy scale , so that , where denotes
the suppression energy of high order derivative terms, and
the would-be strong coupling energy scale.Comment: Revtex4, no figures. Some typos are corrected. Phys. Rev. D84, 101502
(R) (2011
Bound states in d-density-wave phases
We investigate the quasiparticle spectrum near surfaces in a two-dimensional
system with d-density-wave order within a mean-field theory. For Fermi surfaces
with perfect nesting for the ordering wave vector of the d-density-wave, a zero
energy bound state occurs at [110] surfaces, in close analogy with the known
effect in d-wave superconducting states or graphite. When the shape of the
Fermi surface is changed by doping, the bound state energy moves away from the
Fermi level. Furthermore, away from half-filling we find inhomogeneous phases
with domain walls of the d-density-wave order parameter. The domain walls also
support low energy bound states. These phenomena might provide an experimental
test for hidden d-density-wave order in the high-Tc cuprates.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Effective Mass Dirac-Morse Problem with any kappa-value
The Dirac-Morse problem are investigated within the framework of an
approximation to the term proportional to in the view of the
position-dependent mass formalism. The energy eigenvalues and corresponding
wave functions are obtained by using the parametric generalization of the
Nikiforov-Uvarov method for any -value. It is also studied the
approximate energy eigenvalues, and corresponding wave functions in the case of
the constant-mass for pseudospin, and spin cases, respectively.Comment: 12 page
Type 1 adenylyl cyclase is essential for maintenance of remote contextual fear memory
Although molecular mechanisms for hippocampus-dependent memory have been extensively studied, much less is known about signaling events important for remote memory. Here we report that mice lacking type 1 adenylyl cyclase (AC1) are able to establish and retrieve remote contextual memory but unable to sustain it as long as wild-type mice. Interestingly, mice overexpressing AC1 show superior remote contextual memory even though they exhibit normal hippocampus-dependent contextual memory. These data illustrate that calcium coupling to cAMP contributes to the stability of remote memory and identifies AC1 as a potential drug target site to improve long-term remote memory
Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for associated production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
We present the calculations of the complete next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD
corrections (including supersymmetric QCD) to the inclusive total cross
sections of the associated production processes in the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Both the
dimensional regularization scheme and the dimensional reduction scheme are used
to organize the calculations which yield the same NLO rates. The NLO correction
can either enhance or reduce the total cross sections, but it generally
efficiently reduces the dependence of the total cross sections on the
renormalization/factorization scale. We also examine the uncertainty of the
total cross sections due to the parton distribution function uncertainties.Comment: 53 pages, 20 figures; the alpha_s in Eq.(70) is now evaluated at
M_SUSY scale, not the \mu_r scale; numerical results updated, typos
corrected; version to appear in PR
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