1 research outputs found
Identification of Emerging Brominated Chemicals as the Transformation Products of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) Derivatives in Soil
In
contrast to the extensive investigation already conducted on
tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), the metabolism of TBBPA derivatives
is still largely unknown. In this paper, we characterized unknown
brominated compounds detected in 84 soil samples collected from sites
around three brominated flame retardant production plants to determine
possible transformation products of TBBPA derivatives. In addition
to tribromobisphenol A (TriBBPA), dibromobisphenol A (DBBPA), and
TBBPA, six novel transformation products, TriBBPA mono(allyl ether)
(TriBBPA-MAE), DBBPA-MAE, hydroxyl TriBBPA-MAE, TBBPA mono(2-bromo-3-hydroxypropyl
ether) (TBBPA-MBHPE), TBBPA mono(2,3-dihydroxypropyl ether) (TBBPA-MDHPE),
and TBBPA mono(3-hydroxypropyl ether) (TBBPA-MHPE) were identified.
The detection frequencies of these identified chemicals in soil samples
ranged from 17% to 89%, indicating the widespread presence of the
transformation products. To uncover the possible TBBPA derivative
transformation pathways involved, super-reduced vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin,
(CCAs)) was used to treat TBBPA derivative and transformation products
in this process were characterized. To our knowledge, this is the
first study examining the transformation of TBBPA derivatives and
the first to report several novel associated TBBPA and bisphenol A
derivatives as transformation products. Our research suggests that
ether bond breakage and debromination contribute to the transformation
of TBBPA derivatives and the existence of the novel transformation
products. These data provide new insights into the fate of TBBPA derivatives
in environmental compartments