Sensitivitas Ekstrak Daun Xylocarpus SP. terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas SP.

This research was conducted from November 2016 until April 2017 in the Parasites and Fish Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, University of Riau and Integrated Chemical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science of Health Muhammadiyah University of Riau. The aims of this research was to determine the sensitivity of Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract on Pseudomonas sp., the range of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract can inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas sp. and know the toxicity of Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract against African catfish, the LC50 test conducted by immersion for 24 hours. This research used an experimental method. The treatment that being used were giving Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract at a concentration of D1 (100%), D2 (90%), D3 (80%), D4 (70%), D5 (60%), D6 (50%), D7 (40%), D8 (30%), D9 (20%), D10 (10%) and Kp : control (cloramphenicol). The results showed showed that Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract can inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas sp. at a concentration of 10% with an average of 8,12 mm zone of inhibition. MIC test showed a concentration of 8,5% average number of colonies of bacteria as much as 248,67 × 108CFU/mL can inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas sp. LC50 Xylocarpus sp. leaf extract against African catfish by immersion for 24 hours in the concentration 8,6% (860 ppm)

Immunomodulation Effect of Convalescent Plasma Therapy in Severe – Critical COVID-19 Patients

Munawaroh Fitriah,1 Aditea Etnawati Putri,1 Bambang Pujo Semedi,2 Atika Atika,3 Betty Agustina Tambunan1 1Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Betty Agustina Tambunan, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Jl. Mayjend Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, East Java, 60286, Indonesia, Tel +6231-5023865, Email [email protected]: Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is an alternative therapy for managing COVID-19, but its use is still controversial.Objective: Analyzing the effectiveness of CPT in modulating immune responses based on SARS-COV-2 anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (s-RBD) IgG, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-4), and mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 patients.Methods: This study was an observational analytical with a prospective cohort design. The number of participants was 39 patients from June to December 2020. The participants received CPT and was tested for blood analysis such as IL-4, IL-6 and s-RBD IgG. The data were taken a day before CPT, 1st day, 2nd day, and 7th day after CPT. The analysis included Friedman, Pearson correlation, and Mann–Whitney test which is significant if p 0.05). No significant correlation was also found between increased s-RBD IgG levels, IL-4 too, and decreased IL-6 after CPT therapy between deceased and alive patients, both in 1st, 2nd, and 7th days (p > 0.05).Conclusion: No correlation between the increase in s-RBD IgG levels and changes in IL-4 and IL-6 levels. Changes in s-RBD IgG, IL-4, and IL-6 levels are not associated with mortality in severe-critical COVID-19 degree post CPT recipients.Keywords: convalescent plasma, COVID-19, infectious disease, s-RB

Indonesian Mothers' Perception About the Children Nutritional Status and Its Related Factors

Background: Nutrition problems are the main public health issues in developing countries, including Indonesia. Malnutrition will lead to failure of physical growth and development of intelligence, decreased work productivity, and reduced endurance resulting in increased rates of pain and death. Therefore, mothers have an essential role in the prevention of nutritional disorders in children.Objective: To compare the nutritional status of primary school children based on maternal assessment and anthropometry measurements and analyze factors that influence the mother's misperceptions about the nutritional status of the children.Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 96 mothers of elementary school students were included. Quota sampling was used in selecting samples based on population characteristics. Children's nutritional status was classified according to WHO anthropometry standards 2006 for children aged 5-18 years based on age and gender. The mother's perception of the child's nutritional status was measured using an online validated questionnaire (Google Form). Descriptive and bivariate statistics were used for data analysis.Results: 56.2% of mothers gave an appropriate assessment of the nutritional status of the children. Education and work significantly influenced the accuracy of the mother's perception of their children's nutritional status. A total of 38.4% of mothers with high school education levels misjudged their child's nutritional status compared to those who did not finish high school (p = 0.058). Also, 56.3% of non-working mothers were wrong in assessing their child's nutritional status compared to working mothers (p=0.014).Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to improve the knowledge and skills of mothers in assessing the nutritional status of children as one of the strategies to reduce the incidence of malnutrition in children

Upaya Meningkatkan Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara di SMKN 1 Cijulang Kabupaten Pangandaran

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER IN CIJULANG 1 VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, PANGANDARAN REGENCY. The high mortality rate of breast cancer (BC) patients in Indonesia is associated with conditions of most patients come to doctor in an advanced stage of BC. This is due to the low BC awareness of Indonesian women. This community service program (PPM) is intended to increase knowledge of adolescent women about early detection of BC. This action was conducted by BC awareness workshop to 114 female students of Vocational High School (SMK) 1 Cijulang, Pangandaran district, West Java. The profile of participants showed that 64% of participants are 17 years old and mostly from Cijulang and Cimerak sub-districts. In addition, the majority of participants were not aware of BC, indicated by lack of knowledge of BC signs and symptoms (97%), and low confident of doing breast self-examination (BSE) (30%). Moreover, there were 7% of the participants were smoking which is known to be one of the major risk factors for BC. These findings point out conducting a program for increasing BC awareness among students. The program was managed by mini-lecture that focuses on BC risk factors, BC early detection and BSE (SADARI) using videos and simulation on a mannequin. This program was expected to have an impact on their families, indirectly. Ultimately, this will increase the finding of new cases of BC which will increase their life expectancy

PERKEMBANGAN PESERTA DIDIK (TINJAUAN TEORI DAN PRAKTIS)

Seorang anak tidak langsung bisa bicara saat baru lahir. Tidak ada juga manusia yang langsung bisa mengendarai mobil tanpa terlebih dahulu belajar. Proses belajar membantu manusia menguasai pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Penguasaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan juga perlu dilakukan secara bertahap. Tahapan tersebut disesuaikan dengan tingkat Perkembangan peserta belajar. Oleh sebab itu mengetahui dengan baik karakteristik perkembangan peserta didik sangat penting. Pengetahuan tersebut dapat membantu para fasilitator proses belajar untuk merancang dan menerapkan cara-cara yang tepat untuk mendukung tercapainya keberhasilan hasil belajar yang maksimal. Buku ini ditulis melalui kolaborasi para pendidik di Indonesia dengan pendekatan teoritis dan praktis. Tujuannya untuk menyajikan inovasi dalam proses pendampingan belajar. Pembahasan dimulai dengan ulasan umum mengenai perkembangan peserta didik baik secara fisik, psikis, maupun sosial. Berdasarkan fondasi teori perkembangan peserta didik, pembahasan dilanjutkan dengan cara-cara mengembangkan pembelajaran untuk peserta didik anak, remaja, dan dewasa. Semua topik dan tulisan yang disatukan dalam buku ini menekankan pada pentingnya proses pembelajaran berkelanjutan dan sepanjang hayat. Pembahasan dalam buku ini juga menunjukkan pergeseran paradigma pendampingan pembelajaran yang progresif. Peserta belajar tidak lagi dijadikan sebagai objek. Peserta belajar dapat dilibatkan secara aktif untuk belajar dan mencari cara terbaik untuk belajar secara berkelanjutan sesuai dengan minat dan keterampilan yang dibutuhkannya. Inilah yang menjadi esensi dari proses belajar dan pendampingan belajar di masa-masa penuh tantangan