Y-Chromosomal Microdeletion in Idiopathic Azoospermic and Severe Oligozoospermic Indonesian Men

Aim: to detect Y-chromosomal microdeletion in Indonesian men with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia using multiplex PCR. Methods: we performed 2 multiplex PCR amplifications of the Azoospermia Factor (AZF) region in 71 men. Criteria for including a patient were fulfilled if they presented with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, with or without additional abnormalities of sperm motility or of head morphology, raised or normal levels of FSH, normal levels of LH and testosterone, and with no evidence of testicular tumors or other abnormalities. Five men participated as control persons. Results: partial deletion of AZFa was found in 11 men (15.49%), complete deletion of AZFb in 1 man (1.4%), and complete deletion of AZFc in 1 man (1.4%). The unspecific type of deletion was also detected, including the DBY gene in 2 men (2.81%), and partial deletion of both AZFa and AZFb in 2 men (2.81%). No AZF deletion was observed in the control probands. Related to the type of deletion, the AZFa and AZFb deletion showed spermatogenesis arrest in most tubules, while deletion of the DBY gene is associated with the sertoli cell only (SCO) syndrome. Conclusion: the frequency of partial deletion of AZFa was found to be relatively high in our center. The type of deletion is associated with the testicular histology

The Role of Varicocele Repair in Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Men: A Systematic Review

The outcomes of varicocele repair in non-obstructive azoospermic men remain the subject of controversy. Until now, small studies with small number of patients performed make it difficult to assess the efficacy of varicocele surgery in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. This review is performed to evaluate quality of the sperm among non-obstructive azoospermic men after varicocele repair.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION OUTCOME IN MEN WITH AZOOSPERMIA AND SEVERE OLIGOZOOSPERMIA

Objective: This study is assigned to evaluate factors that associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome. Material & methods: A retrospective study design is used to evaluate couples who seeking help for infertility problems at Permata Hati Infertility Clinic, Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta. The outcome measures were fertilization and clinical pregnancies rates. All analyses were performed with SPSS statistical software, version 20.0. Result: Forty-five couples participated in this study with mean age 33.69 ± 5.38 years for men and 30.53 ± 4.79 years for women. Of 56 ICSI cycles, there were 43 successful fertilizations (95.6%) and 14 clinical pregnancies (31.1%). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with successful clinical pregnancies were women’s age (p = 0.034, 95% CI 0.005-0.8), number of ICSI cycle (p = 0.045, 95% CI 0.001-0.93), and sperm morphology (p = 0.019, 95% CI 1.648- 253). In bivariate analysis, only men’s age is significantly associated with successful fertilization (p = 0.006, 95% CI 7.22-16.43). Conclusion: Factors associated with outcome of ICSI are women’s age, number of ICSI cycle, and sperm morphology

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TUMOR RECURRENCE IN STAGE 1 BLADDER TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA IN SARDJITO HOSPITAL YOGYAKARTA

Objective: This study is assigned to evaluate factors associated with tumor recurrence in patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of bladder in Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta. Material & methods:A prospective observational study design is conducted to evaluate patients with T1 TCC of bladder between 2011 and 2012. Inclusion criteria was patients with T1 TCC of bladder from pathological report. The independent variables are ages, hemoglobin, albumin, creatinine level, urine cytology, tumor grade, tumor diameter, number of tumor, and intravesical chemotherapy. The outcome measure is tumor recurrence during cystoscopy at 3, 6, 9, and 12 month after first resection. This study used chi-square and logistic regression analysis as statistical methods with p < 0.05 and a = 5% are considered significant. All analyses were performed with SPSS statistical software, version 20.0. Result: Sixty-two patients were participated in this study with mean age 60.62 ± 12.15 years. There were 32 patients (51.6%) who had tumour recurrence during first year that need to be resected. Of these patients, 9 patients (14.5%) had tumour recurrence more than one time during first year. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with tumour recurrence were tumour grade (p = 0.041, CI = 0.008-0.908), number of tumor (p = 0.003, CI = 0.003-0.293), and intravesical chemotherapy (p = 0.022, CI = 0.015-0.719). Conclusion: Degree of tumor differentiation, number of tumor and intravesical chemotherapy are factors affecting recurrence of stage 1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder