20 research outputs found

    Fictive motion extraction and classification

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    Fictive motion (e.g. ‘The highway runs along the coast’) is a pervasive phenomenon in language that can imply both a staticand a moving observer. In a corpus of alpine narratives, it is used in three types of spatial descriptions: conveying the actual motion of the observer, describing a vista and communicating encyclopaedic spatial knowledge. This study takes a knowledge-based approach to develop rules for automated extraction and classification of these types based on an annotated corpus of fictive motion instances. In particular, we identify the differences in the set of concepts involved into the production of the three types of descriptions, followed by their linguistic operationalization. Based on that, we build a set of rules that classify fictive motion with an overall precision of 0.87 and recall of 0.71. The article highlights the importance of examining spatially rich, naturally occurring corpora for the lines of work dealing with the automated interpretation of spatial information in texts, as well as, more broadly, investigation of spatial language involved into various types of spatial discourse

    Dinâmica do chumbo no lago do parque Ingá, Maringá, PR, Brasil

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    Este trabalho analisa a dinâmica do chumbo no lago do parque do Ingá, Maringá - PR. Mensalmente durante um ano foram coletadas amostras de água e sedimentos e o pH e temperatura medidos no ato da coleta. Nas amostras de água foi determinada a Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) e a concentração total de Pb na água e sedimentos. A determinação da concentração Pb na água e sedimentos foi feita com a técnica da espectrometria da absorção atômica, modalidade chama. Os valores médios mensais encontrados, em intervalos e médias globais foram respectivamente: concentração de Pb na água, em ng.mL-1, não detectado (nd) - 55,56 e 19,23; Pb em sedimentos, em µg.g-1, 48,73 - 92,87 e 71,93; pH, 7,02 - 8,23 e 7,60; temperatura, em °C, 19,33 - 27,48 e 23,73; DQO, em mg.L-1, 13,33 - 30,11 e 23,54. Uma análise dos resultados das variáveis medidas, em nível de 5% de significância permitem concluir que a concentração de Pb na água é independente dos pontos de coleta (local), mas, dependente do período de amostragem (temporalidade) e nos sedimentos dependente dos dois parâmetros.<br>This work introduce the study of lead dynamic in the lake of Ingá Park, Maringá - PR. Monthly, during a year, samples of water and sediments were collected and pH and temperature measured. In the water samples were determined the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the total lead concentration in water and sediment samples. The determination of lead concentration in water and sediments was performed with atomic absorption spectrometer - flame technique. The monthly mean values found, presented in intervals and global mean values, were respectively: lead concentration in water (ng.mL-1), non detected (nd) - 55.56 and 19.23; lead in sediments (µg.g-1), 48.73 - 92.87 and 71.93; pH, 7.02 - 8.23 and 7.60; temperature (ºC), 19.33 - 27.48 and 23.73; COD (mg.L-1), 13.33 - 30.11 and 23.54. A survey of the lead concentration results found permit to conclude, at 5% of significance, that the lead concentration in water was independent of the sampling point (local), but dependent of the sampling period (temporality) and in the sediment dependent of the two parameters
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