Multi-operation Optimization of Responsive Manufacturing System with Energy Objectives by Taguchi Loss Function

In a manufacturing unit generally more than one product is made in certain cycle time, and in order to become competitive, the progressive firms run the production facilities optima lly. The customer also wants an optimum solution for their requirements. The energy cost constitutes a major portion of manufacturing cost. In current situation the manufacturing must be responsive to customer, vender, share-holder and all types of competition. The manufacturing must be flexible, easy to operate and mistake-proof, this is a robust organization. The ecosystem regulation and equilibrium guide us to control variability of production system also. By this paper a methodology will be develop for batch manufacturing organization to work as responsive manufacturing system with energy considerations. The steel, chemical and pharmaceuticals unit follow batch type of production, because of low volume, high value products. Now the industries, all over the world, whether large or small, are facing challenges on multiple fronts, competition is becoming borderless, new alliances are being formed; internal processes are now being considered for outsourcing. Work-force multiple-utilization and total quality is the objective. The Taguchi loss function is a tool to control variability of performance and energy losses are reduced to minimum and 5-E key decision areas, e.g. environmental, economy, engineering, energy, and efficiency may automatically control. KEYWORDS: Taguchi loss function, Robust design, Manufacturing cost optimization, Energy Balance, Design for manufacturabilit

Environmental Noise Assessment in Indore City

The aim of the study was to describe the behavior of environmental noise levels in communities around the city of Indore. Four noise stations were monitored for twenty-four hours in order to describe the levels of environmental noise. The study used a noise level meter (Model1900meter) which is the simplest instrument available to determine sound level. It indicates the root mean square value of the sound. The observation reveals that noise level is exceeding the permissible limits in the following area-Silence, residential and commercial and industrial. The study offers several recommendations which if implemented, would reduce significantly the noise levels in the city. The results from the study indicated that the Permissible limit for Sanwer road is the lowest compare to highest equivalent level produced at MY hospital Indore. Keywords: Environmental Noise, Noise level meter, permissible limit

Comparison of Lagrange’s and Newton’s interpolating polynomials

A set of fourteen functions have been considered in various intervals. Lagrange’s and Newton’s interpolating polynomials have been obtained for each function using a computer program developed in C++ programming language. Average of the maximum percentage error for the functions in Newton’s interpolating polynomial and Lagrange’s interpolating polynomial are 765.3107 and 898.9139 respectively. This indicates that the Newton’s interpolating polynomial is approximately 1.174574 times better than the Lagrange’s interpolating polynomial

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PREVALENCE AMONG THE INDIAN RURAL POPULACE IN BIHAR.

Background: Diabetes is difficult to manage in resource-poor countries like India, where many people are diagnosed late and have complications. This study seeks to increase diabetes research in rural India. The main goal of this study is to ascertain the incidence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus among rural populations in Bihar, India, who are 25 years of age and older. Methods: During the study, health camps were held and went door-to-door to determine rural diabetes prevalence. Fasting capillary blood glucose was tested with a glucose meter. All adults then consumed 75 g of glucose dissolved in 200 milliliters of water in five minutes. Two hours after intake, post-load capillary blood glucose was measured. Diabetes was confirmed by collecting blood samples in a fluorine vacutainer, with fasting plasma glucose levels ≥126 mg/dl and/or 2-hour postprandial glucose levels ≥200 mg/dl as diagnostic criteria. Results: According to the survey, 7.03% of rural residents had Type 2 diabetes; females had a greater prevalence of the disease (56%) than males (44%). Diabetes affected 28% of participants over the age of 70, compared to 11% of those in the 25–39 age range. Furthermore, 34.77% of diabetics were newly diagnosed cases, while 8.04% of participants had a prediabetic diagnosis. Conclusions: This study shows an elevated incidence of Type 2 diabetes in rural Bihar, India. Rural areas need comprehensive early diagnosis, care, and diabetes prevention education to meet this growing health burden. Recommendation: Early detection, management, and preventative education are crucial in rural western Uttar Pradesh, where Type 2 diabetes is common. Community-based awareness initiatives and accessible healthcare can lessen diabetes complications in the region

Design and Thermal Analysis of LED Lamp Cooling by using Optimization of Circular Fins

The selection of particular fin configuration in LED Lamp for heat transfer application depend on the  weight and manufacturing technique consideration as well as the thermal characteristics it exhibits, Circular Fins are one of the most popular choice for enhancing the heat transfer rate to Minimize an junction temperature by minimizing the total thermal resistance of system. For actively cooled systems,  this may essentially be achieved by simultaneously engineering the conduction through the heat sink and creating a well-designed flow pattern of Heat over suitable convective surface area. Finite element method (FEM) was used to compute the maximum temperature at junction of LED. An extensive study was carried out using ANSYS, a powerful platform for Heat flow through Led Heat sink. Results obtained were presented in a series of temperature along the length of fins. Keywords: ANSYS, Circular Fins, FEM, Junction Temperature, Thermal Resistance

Question Processing and Clustering in INDOC: A Biomedical Question Answering System

The exponential growth in the volume of publications in the biomedical domain has made it impossible for an individual to keep pace with the advances. Even though evidence-based medicine has gained wide acceptance, the physicians are unable to access the relevant information in the required time, leaving most of the questions unanswered. This accentuates the need for fast and accurate biomedical question answering systems. In this paper we introduce INDOC—a biomedical question answering system based on novel ideas of indexing and extracting the answer to the questions posed. INDOC displays the results in clusters to help the user arrive the most relevant set of documents quickly. Evaluation was done against the standard OHSUMED test collection. Our system achieves high accuracy and minimizes user effort

Apparent diffusion coefficient and T2* mapping on 3T MRI in normal and degenerative lumbar intervertebral discs

Purpose: To assess the utility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and T2* mapping in quantitative analysis of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) of lumbar intervertebral discs with its correlation with modified Pfirrmann grading (MPG) for lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD). Material and methods: One hundred subjects (20-74 years of age) underwent T2-weighted, DWI with ADC and T2* magnetic resonance imaging. MPG was applied to L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 discs, and ADC and T2* values of NP and AF were calculated in the mid-sagittal plane by segmenting each disc into 5 regions of interest (ROI) (NP-3, AF-2). Mean ADC and T2* values, their correlation, and cut-offs among different grades were calculated at different ROIs across different levels. Results: Out of total 300 discs analysed; 68 were normal (grade I) discs and 232 were degenerated (grade II to VIII) discs, based on MPG. T2* and ADC values in NP, AF, and the entire disc were significantly lower in degenerated discs than in normal discs. There was significant (p 0.9) for assessing the degree of LDDD. Conclusions: T2* and ADC value-based grade scales are highly accurate in evaluating the degree of disc degeneration with a high degree of objectivity in comparison to visual assessment-based MPG. Reduced ADC and T2* values of NP could serve as markers of early LDDD

GHG Emissions from Livestock: Challenges and Ameliorative Measures to Counter Adversity

Livestock and climate change are interlinked through a complex mechanism and serve the role of both contributor as well as sufferer. The livestock sector is primarily accountable for the emission of methane and nitrous oxide. Methane emission takes place from both enteric fermentation and manure management; whilst nitrous oxide emission is purely from manure management. Rumen methanogenesis due to emission intensity and loss of biological energy always remains a priority for the researchers. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from manure are determined by storage conditions and the organic content of the manure waste. Due to large livestock population, India is a major contributor of enteric methane emission, while its contribution to the excrement methane is negligible. In this chapter, information pertaining to enteric methane emission, excrement methane and nitrous oxide emissions and ameliorative/precautionary measures for reducing the intensity of emissions have been compiled and presented