Scanning probe imaging of coexistent ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity at room temperature

Room temperature coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in a thin film of a novel material of nominal composition PbTi0.5Fe0.5O3-d is probed by standard ferroelectric and ferromagnetic hysteresis loop measurements and by scanning probe microscopy of various kinds. Both magnetic domains and ferroelectric domains are observed in the same spatial region of the material, implying phase coexistence in this system. For both order parameters, sample morphology strongly affects roughness of the domain walls.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

Response of Garlic to Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers

An experiment was carried out to study the response of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv. Yamuna Safed-3. The results revealed that the combined application of 25% RDF with 75% N through FYM @ 20 t/ha gave higher marketable bulb yield of 19.34t/ha as compared to other treatments which were statistically on par with 100% RDF (18.53 t/ha ) and 50% RDF + 50% N supplied as FYM (18.94 t/ha). It is suggested that for better biometric observations, bulb characters and marketable bulb yield in garlic, combined use of inorganic and organic source of nutrient supply is preferable

Multilingual Word Sense Induction to Improve Web Search Result Clustering

In [12] a novel approach to Web search result clustering based on Word Sense Induction, i.e. the automatic discovery of word senses from raw text was presented; key to the proposed approach is the idea of, first, automatically in- ducing senses for the target query and, second, clustering the search results based on their semantic similarity to the word senses induced. In [1] we proposed an innovative Word Sense Induction method based on multilingual data; key to our approach was the idea that a multilingual context representation, where the context of the words is expanded by considering its translations in different languages, may im- prove the WSI results; the experiments showed a clear per- formance gain. In this paper we give some preliminary ideas to exploit our multilingual Word Sense Induction method to Web search result clustering

Explosive Nitrotriazolone Formulates

Nitrotriazolone has been synthesised and fully characterised. This explosive was found to exhibit self-binding properties forming pellets at different loads. The compression strength of these pellets were in the range 80-128 kgf/cm2 under one to three tonne/cm2 load. Other pressable formulations containing nitrotriazolone have also been successfully prepared. A composition comparable to composition B was also prepared using nitrotriazolone and trinitrotoluene (60:40). Mechanical properties and insensitivity of this new composition were found to be superior

A study of the superconducting properties of YBa2Cu(9-x)Nb(x)O(y) thin films

Effect of Niobium substitution at the copper site in YBa2Cu3O(7-x) was studied in thin film form. The films were deposited by laser ablation technique using the targets of the YBa2Cu(3-x)Nb(x)O(y) where x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.0 under identical deposition conditions on SrTiO3 (100) substrates. Films were characterized by XRD, resistivity, I-V and J(sub c) measurements. Films made from x = 0.025 and 0.05 concentrations of Nb substituted targets showed relatively improved superconducting properties compared to that of undoped films. the best J(sub c) realized for x - 0.025 Nb concentration was 1.8 x 10(exp 6) A/sq cm and for 0.05 Nb concentration it was 3.2 x 10(exp 6) A/sq cm at 77 K. However, degradation of the superconducting properties, with the increase of x is greater than or equal to 0.1 Nb concentration and drastic suppression and complete loss of superconductivity was noticed for x is greater than or equal to 0.4. The growth of impurity phase YBa2NbO6 for x = 0.1 and above of Nb concentration was noted from XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) patterns. However, the site occupancy of Nb could not be confirmed from these studies