7 research outputs found

    CARACTER脥STICAS NEUROPSICOL脫GICAS DE LA MEMORIA TRAS CIRUG脥A CARD脥ACA CON CIRCULACI脫N EXTRACORP脫REA / Neuropsychological features of memory after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

    No full text
    Resumen Introducci贸n: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en los pa铆ses desarrollados y una de las estrategias terap茅uticas es la quir煤rgica, con el uso de circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea, la que puede producir efectos indeseables sobre el sistema neurol贸gico. Objetivo: Caracterizar el funcionamiento neuropsicol贸gico del proceso de memoria en pacientes intervenidos quir煤rgicamente con el uso de circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo en 25 pacientes operados en el Cardiocentro "Ernesto Che Guevara", en el per铆odo comprendido de enero a marzo de 2012. En la exploraci贸n se utilizaron el test multivariado de memoria, el subtest D铆gitos de la escala Wechsler, la revisi贸n de la Historia Cl铆nica y una entrevista semiestructurada al paciente. Resultados: Se encontraron limitaciones en cuanto a la fijaci贸n directa de la huella mn茅mica y al proceso de retenci贸n con base en la repetici贸n, con manifestaci贸n concreta en la retenci贸n verbal y num茅rica. En lo referente a la memoria mediata se evidenci贸 la calidad de asociaciones sobre la base de la estimulaci贸n visual y las afectaciones se presentaron en la evocaci贸n, lo cual es consistente con la dificultad en la fijaci贸n y retenci贸n. Se constat贸 adem谩s, la existencia de alteraciones en la memoria no declarativa. Conclusiones: Predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, entre 50 y 70 a帽os de edad, con un nivel escolar bajo. Se encontraron dificultades en la fijaci贸n directa de las huellas mn茅micas, insuficiencias en la evocaci贸n mediata de los est铆mulos ofrecidos y aun despu茅s de haber realizado buenas asociaciones, y alteraciones en la memoria no declarativa. Esto indica la existencia de limitaciones neuropsicol贸gicas en los sistemas funcionales vinculados con el recuerdo declarativo y no declarativo, voluntario e involuntario en los pacientes sometidos a circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea. / Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries and one of the therapeutic strategies is surgery with the use of extracorporeal circulation, which can cause undesirable effects on the neurologic system. Objective: To characterize neuropsychological functioning of the memory process in patients who have undergone surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Method: An exploratory-descriptive study in 25 patients operated at Cardiocentro Ernesto Che Guevara in the period from January to March 2012 was performed. The assessment was based on the multivariate test memory, Digits subtest of Wechsler scale, review of the clinical history and a semistructured interview to the patient. Results: There were limitations regarding the direct fixation of memory trace and retention process based on repetition, with specific manifestation in verbal and numerical retention. Regarding immediate memory, the quality of associations based on visual stimulation was evidenced and affectations presented in recalling, which is consistent with the difficulty in fixing and retention. The existence of alterations in declarative memory was also demonstrated. Conclusions: Male patients, between 50 and 70 years of age, with a low educational level were predominant. Difficulties in the direct fixation of memory traces were found, as well as failures in immediate recalling of stimuli offered and even after making good associations, and impaired declarative memory. This indicates the existence of neuropsychological limitations in the functional systems associated with declarative and non-declarative, voluntary and involuntary memory, in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass

    Caracter铆sticas neuropsicol贸gicas de la memoria tras cirug铆a card铆aca con circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea

    No full text
    Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in developed countries and one of the therapeutic strategies is surgery with the use of extracor-poreal circulation, which can cause undesirable effects on the neurologic system. Objective: To characterize neuropsychological functioning of the memory process in patients who have undergone surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Method: An exploratory-descriptive study in 25 patients operated at Cardiocentro Ernesto Che Guevara in the period from January to March 2012 was performed. The assessment was based on the multivariate test memory, Digits subtest of Wechsler scale, review of the clinical history and a semistructured interview to the patient. Results: There were limitations regarding the direct fixation of memory trace and retention process based on repetition, with specific manifestation in verbal and numerical retention. Regarding immediate memory, the quality of associations based on visual stimulation was evidenced and affectations presented in recalling, which is consistent with the difficulty in fixing and retention. The existence of alterations in declarative memory was also demonstrated. Conclusions: Male patients, between 50 and 70 years of age, with a low educational level were predominant. Difficulties in the direct fixation of memory traces were found, as well as failures in immediate recalling of stimuli offered and even after making good associations, and impaired declarative memory. This indicates the existence of neuropsychological limitations in the functional systems associated with declarative and non-declarative, voluntary and involuntary memory, in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.Introducci贸n: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en los pa铆ses desarrollados y una de las estrategias terap茅uticas es la quir煤r-gica, con el uso de circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea, la que puede producir efectos indesea-bles sobre el sistema neurol贸gico. Objetivo: Caracterizar el funcionamiento neuropsicol贸gico del proceso de memoria en pacientes intervenidos quir煤rgicamente con el uso de circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo en 25 pacientes operados en el Cardiocentro "Ernesto Che Guevara", en el per铆odo comprendido de enero a marzo de 2012. En la exploraci贸n se utilizaron el test multivariado de memoria, el subtest D铆gitos de la escala Wechsler, la revisi贸n de la Historia Cl铆nica y una entrevista semies-tructurada al paciente. Resultados: Se encontraron limitaciones en cuanto a la fijaci贸n directa de la huella mn茅mica y al proceso de retenci贸n con base en la repetici贸n, con manifestaci贸n con-creta en la retenci贸n verbal y num茅rica. En lo referente a la memoria mediata se evi-denci贸 la calidad de asociaciones sobre la base de la estimulaci贸n visual y las afecta-ciones se presentaron en la evocaci贸n, lo cual es consistente con la dificultad en la fijaci贸n y retenci贸n. Se constat贸 adem谩s, la existencia de alteraciones en la memoria no declarativa. Conclusiones: Predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, entre 50 y 70 a帽os de edad, con un nivel escolar bajo. Se encontraron dificultades en la fijaci贸n directa de las huellas mn茅micas, insuficiencias en la evocaci贸n mediata de los est铆mulos ofreci-dos y aun despu茅s de haber realizado buenas asociaciones, y alteraciones en la me-moria no declarativa. Esto indica la existencia de limitaciones neuropsicol贸gicas en los sistemas funcionales vinculados con el recuerdo declarativo y no declarativo, volunta-rio e involuntario en los pacientes sometidos a circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea

    Complicaciones gastrointestinales encontradas en fallecidos despu茅s de una cirug铆a cardiovascular. Experiencia de

    No full text
    Background and Objectives: Gastrointestinal complications in heart surgery are low, between 0.4 to 2.9%; however, its diagnosis is of vital importance because it is associated with high mortality rates. An investigation was conducted to determine the frequency of these complications in those who died after cardiac surgery. Method: A retrospective study of 5 years (1999-2003) was performed in the Cardiovascular Surgery Department. Autopsy reports and medical records were analyzed to study gastrointestinal complications according to their frequency and their possible relationship to the cause of death. Results: There were a total of 57 deaths, 38.6% were valve replacements, 54.4% coronary artery bypass grafting and 7.0% vascular prostheses. Multi-organ failure was predominant (38.6%), followed by stroke (26.3%) and shock (17.5%). 26 complications were found, of which 15 (57.7%) in deaths from multiple organ failure, 6 (23.1%) in patients with an infarct, 4 (15.4%) in the shock and 1 (3.8 %) in a dead from a pulmonary embolism. The acute hemorrhagic gastroenteropathy was the most frequent 61.6%, acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis shared 11.5%, just as mesenteric thrombosis and peptic ulcer disease with 7.7% each. Conclusions: The acute hemorrhagic gastroenteropathy was the most frequent complication. Most complications appeared in the diseased from multi-organ failure and stroke. The identification of risk factors, use of appropriate prophylaxis and the constant evaluation of these patients may help with early diagnosis and the establishment of the most successful therapy.trointestinales en cirug铆a card铆aca son escasas, entre 0,4-2,9 %; sin embargo, su diagn贸stico es de vital importancia porque se asocia con elevados 铆ndices de mortalidad. Se realiz贸 una investigaci贸n para determinar la frecuencia de estas complicaciones en los fallecidos, despu茅s de la cirug铆a card铆aca. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio retrospectivo de 5 a帽os (1999-2003) en el Servicio de Cirug铆a Cardiovascular. Se analizaron los informes de necropsias y las historias cl铆nicas para estudiar las complicaciones gastrointestinales de acuerdo a su frecuencia y su posible relaci贸n con la causa de muerte. Resultados: Hubo un total de 57 defunciones, 38,6 % fueron sustituciones valvulares; 54,4 %, revascularizaci贸n mioc谩rdica quir煤rgica y 7,0 % pr贸tesis vasculares. Predomin贸 el fallo multiorg谩nico (38,6 %), seguido del infarto (26,3 %) y el shock (17,5 %). Se encontraron 26 complicaciones, de ellas 15 (57,7 %) en fallecidos por insuficiencia de m煤ltiples 贸rganos, 6 (23,1 %) en casos con infarto, 4 (15,4 %) en el shock y 1 (3,8%) en un fallecido por tromboembolismo pulmonar. La gastroenteropat铆a aguda hemorr谩gica fue la m谩s frecuente 61,6 %; la pancreatitis y colecistitis agudas compartieron 11,5 %; al igual que la trombosis mesent茅rica y la 煤lcera p茅ptica con 7,7 % cada una. Conclusiones: La gastroenteropat铆a aguda hemorr谩gica fue la complicaci贸n m谩s frecuente. La mayor铆a de las complicaciones aparecieron en fallecidos por insuficiencia de m煤ltiples 贸rganos e infarto. La identificaci贸n de factores de riesgo, la utilizaci贸n de profilaxis adecuada y la evaluaci贸n constante de estos pacientes pueden ayudarnos al diagn贸stico precoz y al establecimiento de la terap茅utica m谩s acertada

    COMPLICACIONES GASTROINTESTINALES ENCONTRADAS EN FALLECIDOS DESPU脡S DE UNA CIRUG脥A CARDIOVASCULAR. EXPERIENCIA DE CINCO A脩OS / Gastrointestinal complications found in deceased patients after cardiovascular surgery. Five years of experience.

    No full text
    Background and Objectives: Gastrointestinal complicationsin heart surgery are low, between 0.4 to 2.9%;however, its diagnosis is of vital importance because itis associated with high mortality rates. An investigationwas conducted to determine the frequency of thesecomplications in those who died after cardiac surgery.Method: A retrospective study of 5 years (1999-2003)was performed in the Cardiovascular Surgery Department.Autopsy reports and medical records were analyzedto study gastrointestinal complications accordingto their frequency and their possible relationship tothe cause of death. Results: There were a total of 57deaths, 38.6% were valve replacements, 54.4% coronaryartery bypass grafting and 7.0% vascular prostheses.Multi-organ failure was predominant (38.6%),followed by stroke (26.3%) and shock (17.5%). 26complications were found, of which 15 (57.7%) indeaths from multiple organ failure, 6 (23.1%) in patientswith an infarct, 4 (15.4%) in the shock and 1 (3.8 %) ina dead from a pulmonary embolism. The acute hemorrhagic gastroenteropathy was the most frequent61.6%, acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis shared11.5%, just as mesenteric thrombosis and peptic ulcerdisease with 7.7% each. Conclusions: The acutehemorrhagic gastroenteropathy was the most frequentcomplication. Most complications appeared in thediseased from multi-organ failure and stroke. The identificationof risk factors, use of appropriate prophylaxisand the constant evaluation of these patients may helpwith early diagnosis and the establishment of the mostsuccessful therapy

    Correlaci贸n cl铆nico-patol贸gica del tromboembolismo pulmonar en la cirug铆a cardiovascular

    No full text
    Introduction:聽 Pulmonary thromboembolism is the condition generated by the interruption of the blood supply to a portion of the lung by a blockage of an afferent vessel.Objective: To compare the clinical-pathologic correlation of the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery and to describe some related variables. Method: A descriptive-retrospective study was conducted. The sample consisted of 26 patients who had clinical or post-mortem diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism. Results: All patients (100%) had tachycardia and tachypnea. Bronchopneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (40% respectively) were the main causes of misdiagnosis. In the majority of cases (45.4%), the involvement was at the level of the thin branches. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed in 34.8% of patients. The main risk factors that were identified included: major surgery, the need for prolonged bed rest (81.8% respectively), the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and the occurrence of shock (72.7% respectively). Among patients with confirmed diagnosis, 72.7% had an adequate therapeutic dose of heparin. Conclusions: Pulmonary thromboembolism was a rare complication in cardiovascular surgery, and clinical suspicion exceeded the actual existence of the disease, therefore the clinical-pathological correlation was poor.Introducci贸n: El tromboembolismo pulmonar es el estado generado por la interrupci贸n del riego sangu铆neo a una porci贸n del pulm贸n por obstrucci贸n de un vaso aferente. Objetivo: Comparar la correlaci贸n del diagn贸stico cl铆nico-patol贸gico del TEP en los pacientes intervenidos quir煤rgicamente y describir algunas variables relacionadas. M茅todo: Se realiz贸 un estudio descriptivo-retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo integrada por los 26 pacientes que tuvieron diagn贸stico cl铆nico o necr贸psico de tromboembolismo pulmonar. Resultados: Todos los pacientes (100 %) presentaron taquicardia y taquipnea. La bronconeumonia y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr贸nica (40 % respectivamente), fueron las principales causas de diagn贸stico err贸neo. En la mayor铆a de los casos (45,4 %) la afectaci贸n estuvo a nivel de las ramas finas. El diagn贸stico cl铆nico fue confirmado en el 34,8 % de los enfermos. Los principales factores de riesgo identificados fueron: la cirug铆a de gran envergadura, la necesidad de encamamiento prolongado (81,8 %), el uso de circulaci贸n extracorp贸rea y la presencia de shock (72,7 %). En los pacientes con diagn贸stico confirmado el 72,7 % ten铆a una dosis terap茅utica adecuada de heparina. Conclusiones: El tromboembolismo pulmonar fue una complicaci贸n infrecuente de la cirug铆a card铆aca y la sospecha cl铆nica super贸 la existencia real de la enfermedad, por lo que la correlaci贸n cl铆nico-patol贸gica fue escasa
    corecore