2 research outputs found
Dynamic Self-Stiffening and Structural Evolutions of Polyacrylonitrile/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites
The
self-stiffening under external dynamic strain has been observed
for some artificial materials, especially for nanocomposites. However,
few systematic studies have been carried out on their structural evolutions,
and the effect of the types of nanofillers was unclear. In this study,
we used a semicrystalline polymer, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and various
types of carbon nanomaterials including C<sub>60</sub>, carbon nanotube
(CNT), and graphene oxide (GO). An external uniaxial dynamic strain
at small amplitude of 0.2% was applied on the prepared nanocomposite
films. It was observed that PAN/CNT exhibited significant self-stiffening
behavior, whereas PAN/GO showed no response. Systematic characterizations
were performed to determine the structural evolutions of PAN/CNT film
during dynamic strain testing, and it was found that the external
dynamic strain not only induced the crystallization of PAN chains
but also aligned CNT along the strain direction
Lignin/Polyacrylonitrile Composite Hollow Fibers Prepared by Wet-Spinning Method
Lignin
is the second most abundant and inexpensive natural biopolymers
on earth. In this work, lignin/polyacrylonitrile composite fibers
were prepared by wet-spinning method. A transition from solid fiber
to hollow fiber was observed when the volume fraction of water in
a mixed dimethyl sulfoxide/water coagulation bath was increased. The
rheological measurements results showed that the spinning solution
had no chemical reactions and was stable at the spinning conditions.
Lots of interconnected macro- and medium pores (50–90 nm) were
formed inside the wall section of these hollow fibers. The change
of coagulation solvent had little influence on the outer diameters
of the fibers. The formations of the hollow structure and the pores
are ascribed to a diffusion controlled procedure. The reaction between
formaldehyde and hydroxyl groups (−OH) in lignin molecule was
found to improve slightly fiber modulus and thermal stability. This
study provides a facial way to prepare lignin-based hollow fibers
for many applications