12 research outputs found

    A Rare Water and Hydroxyl-Extended One-Dimensional Dysprosium(III) Chain and Its Magnetic Dilution Effect

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    A novel water and hydroxyl-extended one-dimensional dysprosium­(III) chain was hydrothermally obtained, which exhibits a relatively high spin-reversal energy barrier of 88.7 K and intrachain ferromagnetic interaction with the coupling constant <i>J</i><sub>exch</sub> = 3.04 cm<sup>–1</sup> calculated by fitting magnetic susceptibilities using POLY_ANISO program based on <i>ab initio</i> calculations. To deeply understand the respective role of the single-ion anisotropy and intrachain exchange on the effective energy barrier, three crystallographically isostructural analogues containing isotropic Gd­(III)-, diamagnetic Y­(III)-, as well as Y­(III)-doped Dy<sub>0.05</sub>Y<sub>0.95</sub> were prepared and characterized structurally and magnetically. Due to the absence of significant intrachain exchange interaction, the effective energy barrier of the Dy<sub>0.05</sub>Y<sub>0.95</sub> decreased by 9.9 K as compared with that of parent dysprosium­(III) chain. Thus, it can be concluded that the intrachain ferromagnetic coupling and the magnetic anisotropy of the Dy­(III) ion synergistically enhance the effective energy barrier of the dysprosium­(III) chain, in which the single-ion anisotropy becomes more predominant

    Differences in the Triacylglycerol and Fatty Acid Compositions of Human Colostrum and Mature Milk

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    Human colostrum is important for immune system development and plays a protective role for infants. However, the comprehensive exploration of lipids, which account for 3–5% of milk, and their biological functions in human colostrum was limited. In present study, the triacylglycerol (TAG) and fatty acid (FA) compositions of human colostrum and mature milk were analyzed and compared. Variations were observed in both the TAG and FA compositions. The concentrations of 18:1/18:1/16:0 TAG, high-molecular-weight and unsaturated TAGs were significantly higher in colostrum, whereas mature milk contained more low/medium-molecular-weight TAGs and medium-chain FAs. Furthermore, there were also specific TAGs in both colostrum and mature milk. Our data highlighted targets for further investigation to elucidate the biological function of lipids in colostrum milk. In addition, the comprehensive analysis of TAGs in Chinese colostrum might help in designing infant formula for Chinese babies, especially the preterm ones

    Solubility of Xylene Isomers in Seven Deep Eutectic Solvents

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    Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have a substantial impact on the environment, and absorption methods are an important means of dealing with VOCs. In order to screen potential deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as liquid absorbers for capturing xylenes, seven DESs were prepared and were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The melting points of all DESs were well below the melting points of their raw materials, and the water content of all the DESs was less than 0.05 wt %. The viscosities of the seven DESs decreased with increasing temperature. The solubility of o-, m-, and p-xylene in the DESs was determined by the cloud point in the range of 303.15–353.15 K. The tetrabutylammonium bromide-based DESs had the greatest potential to dissolve xylene. Tetrabutylammonium bromide:triethylene glycol (1:4) exhibited the highest solubility for o-, m-, and p-xylene, with the mole fraction solubilities of 0.4075, 0.3754, and 0.3820, respectively (each at 353.15 K). The solubility magnitudes of the three isomers exhibited an overall trend of o-xylene > p-xylene ∼ m-xylene. The experimental solubility data were fitted with the dual-parameter equation and the Apelblat equation; the latter was a better fit

    Entrapped Single Tungstate Site in Zeolite for Cooperative Catalysis of Olefin Metathesis with Brønsted Acid Site

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    Industrial olefin metathesis catalysts generally suffer from low reaction rates and require harsh reaction conditions for moderate activities. This is due to their inability to prevent metathesis active sites (MASs) from aggregation and their intrinsic poor adsorption and activation of olefin molecules. Here, isolated tungstate species as single molecular MASs are immobilized inside zeolite pores by Brønsted acid sites (BASs) on the inner surface. It is demonstrated that unoccupied BASs in atomic proximity to MASs enhance olefin adsorption and facilitate the formation of metallocycle intermediates in a stereospecific manner. Thus, effective cooperative catalysis takes place over the BAS–MAS pair inside the zeolite cavity. In consequence, for the cross-metathesis of ethene and <i>trans</i>-2-butene to propene, under mild reaction conditions, the propene production rate over WO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/USY is ca. 7300 times that over the industrial WO<sub>3</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>-based catalyst. A propene yield up to 79% (80% selectivity) without observable deactivation was obtained over WO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/USY for a wide range of reaction conditions

    Co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation of ANXA2 and CD147 in SMMC-7721 and FHCC-98 cells.

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    <p>(A) Expression and localization of ANXA2 and CD147 in HCC cells. SMMC-7721 and FHCC-98 cells were double-stained for ANXA2 (red) and CD147 (green). Bar, 10 µm. (B) Total cell membrane protein (TMP) extracted from HCC cells. TMP was extracted from SMMC-7721 cells and FHCC-98 cells using a Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit. The expression of tubulin, VEGF-R2 and ANXA2 in whole cell lysates (WCL), TMP and cytosol fractions (CF) were detected using Western blot. (C) Co-immunoprecipitation of ANXA2 with CD147 in TMP extracted from HCC cells. TMP extracted from SMMC-7721 and FHCC-98 cells was subjected to immunoprecipitation with a coupling gel that was pre-bound with anti-ANXA2 or anti-CD147 antibody. ANXA2 and CD147 in the immune complexes were detected using Western blot. Mouse IgG was used as a negative control.</p

    Expression of ANXA2 in HCC cells was effectively down-regulated by specific si-ANXA2.

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    <p>Forty-eight hours after the transfection of SMMC-7721 or FHCC-98 cells with si-ANXA2 or snc-RNA, ANXA2 expression levels were examined using RT-PCR (A) and Western blot (B). Top, representative image; bottom, quantitative gray scale analysis of at least three independent experiments. Columns, mean; bars, SD; <i>p<0.001</i> vs. corresponding snc-RNA-transfected cells (one-way ANOVA).</p

    Effects of ANXA2 on the migration and invasion of HCC cells co-cultured with HPF-1 cells.

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    <p>Twenty-four hours after transfection with si-ANXA2 or snc-RNA, HCC cells were co-cultured with an equal number of HPF-1 cells in the upper chamber, which were not coated with Matrigel in the <i>in vitro</i> migration assay (A) but were coated in the <i>in vitro</i> invasion assay (B). Eight (migration assay) or twenty-four (invasion assay) hours later, the cells migrating/invading through the filter were stained and counted. Left, representative images showing the density of cells on the filter. Right, quantitative analyses of the cells migrating/invading through the filter in three independent experiments. Columns, mean; bars, SD. <i>p<0.001</i> vs. corresponding snc-RNA-transfected cells (one-way ANOVA). (C) Silencing ANXA2 in HCC cells inhibited the cellular secretion of MMP-2 by HPF-1 cells cultured in supernatant collected from si-ANXA2-transfected HCC cells. Serum-free conditioned medium collected from si-ANXA2- or snc-RNA-transfected HCC cells was added to HPF-1 cells. Fifteen hours later, the conditioned medium was collected and analyzed using gelatin zymography. Left, representative image. Right, gray scale analysis of at least three independent experiments. Columns, mean; bars, SD. <i>p<0.01</i> vs. corresponding snc-RNA-transfected cells (one-way ANOVA).</p
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