Investigation and analysis of psychological stress and professional identity of nursing students during COVID-19 pandemic

426-432Certain diseases or infections affect large number of people in short span of time. A local endemic disease can outbreak into an epidemic affecting the whole population or region which at times extend to other countries and continents and become pandemic. Pandemics results in loss of life as well as economy. Pooled efforts and resources, effective sharing of data, parallel multiple approaches as well as physical and mental state of front line staff influence management of pandemics. The coronavirus disease COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 started in December 2019 from Wuhan in China, is now a worldwide public health emergency affecting millions of people. It affects many frontline healthcare workers too. Here, we studied psychological stress and professional identity of nursing students for possible correlations, if any, and analyze influencing factors. We used purposive sampling technique with 415 nursing students in Nanjing, China through a general information questionnaire, perceived stress scale and nursing professional identity questionnaire. Students' origin, monthly living expenses and their knowledge on epidemic prevention and treatment have shown a significant impact on their psychological stress (P <0.01). Similarly, students' gender, origin, clinical practices and knowledge of prevention and treatment, and whether they actively learn such knowledge impact significantly on their professional identity (P <0.01). The overall score of psychological stress was (24.47±7.35) and professional identity had 72.47±8.07. The stress condition exhibited negative correlation with the degree of professional identity (P <0.01，r = -0.457). Increased psychological stress, had lower sense of professional identity. Overall, analysis of data on perceived stress and professional identity pandemic suggests that stress levels are inversely proportional to knowledge in effective ways of handling the pandemic. Students with clinical practice fared better in terms of professional identity. The study suggests nursing students to stay focused on studies, clinical practice and counselling, if required

Influence of High-Temperature Liquid on Phase Composition and Morphology of Carbothermal Reduction-Nitridation Products from Coal Gasification Slag

In this paper, the products using three kinds of coal gasification slags as starting materials were obtained via carbothermal reduction-nitridation at 1450 &deg;C. The effects of high-temperature liquid on the phase composition and morphology of the samples were investigated by XRD and SEM, while the content of high-temperature liquid was calculated by the computer software package FactSage. The results show that: (1) the existence of high-temperature liquid phase is beneficial to the formation and growth of Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON phase; (2) The formation of long-columnar Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON were greatly affected by the content and viscosity of liquid phase, which is in non-linear relationship with aspect ratios of Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON. Among the three kinds of slags, the HT slag with relatively high liquid phase content and the lowest viscosity is the most favorable to the growth of elongated Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON grain; the aspect ratio of the formed Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON is the largest; Compared to the SH slag with the highest liquid phase content and viscosity, Ca-&alpha;-SiAlON prepared from TE slag possesses the smallest aspect ratio, which exhibits equiaxed grain morphology