Protection of specimens against friction and wear using titanium-based multicomponent nanocomposite coatings: A review

A review of the experimental results of studying multicomponent nanocomposite protective coatings of various chemical compositions (TiAlCrYN, TiAlSiBN, TiAlSiCuN, CrTiAlSiN, and TiHfSiN/NbN/Al2O3) developed in recent years is presented. An analysis of the available data on the chemical composition, hardness, oxidation resistance, thermal stability, friction, wear, adhesion strength, and corrosion properties of nanocomposite coatings with high physicomechanical characteristics is carried out. The application of the nanocomposite coatings in industry is exemplified using the performance characteristics of drills made from a high speed steel covered with a multicomponent protective coating

High temperature behavior of functional TiAlBSiN nanocomposite coatings

This article reports on the thorough characterization of structural-phase transformation in amorphous TiAlBSiN coating after high temperature annealing at 900 °C in ambient air. The influence of annealing on the tribomechanical behavior of the coating at nano and micro scale was also examined. The research included multiple experimental techniques, i.e. AFM, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, EDS, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Experiments showed that the amorphous phase of the TiAlBSiN coating undergoes a structural transformation, evidenced in the changes of parameters such as topological and chemical short-range order after the post-deposition annealing at 900 °C in air. The observed structural transformation, leads to a phase separation with the formation of a three dimensional nc-TiAl3/a-SiBN(O) nanocomposite structure. The relative increase of hardness, reduced elastic modulus, H/Er ratio and H2 /E3 r ratio after high temperature treatment of TiAlBSiN coatings is also reported. The complex interdependency between chemistry, morphology and relative composition of the amorphous TiAlBSiN coating phase, during the high temperature treatment, with the respective change of the tribo-mechanical characteristics, are evidence of the improvement of the coating properties in response to the environmental conditions and high temperature. This work contributes particularly to the development and understanding of flexible nanocomposite protective coatings and their changes at high temperature of operatio

High temperature behavior of functional TiAlBSiN nanocomposite coatings

This article reports on the thorough characterization of structural-phase transformation in amorphous TiAlBSiN coating after high temperature annealing at 900 °C in ambient air. The influence of annealing on the tribomechanical behavior of the coating at nano and micro scale was also examined. The research included multiple experimental techniques, i.e. AFM, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, EDS, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Experiments showed that the amorphous phase of the TiAlBSiN coating undergoes a structural transformation, evidenced in the changes of parameters such as topological and chemical short-range order after the post-deposition annealing at 900 °C in air. The observed structural transformation, leads to a phase separation with the formation of a three dimensional nc-TiAl3/a-SiBN(O) nanocomposite structure. The relative increase of hardness, reduced elastic modulus, H/Er ratio and H2 /E3 r ratio after high temperature treatment of TiAlBSiN coatings is also reported. The complex interdependency between chemistry, morphology and relative composition of the amorphous TiAlBSiN coating phase, during the high temperature treatment, with the respective change of the tribo-mechanical characteristics, are evidence of the improvement of the coating properties in response to the environmental conditions and high temperature. This work contributes particularly to the development and understanding of flexible nanocomposite protective coatings and their changes at high temperature of operatio

The Annealing Under 1350 °C of Magnetron Sputtered Coatings on Base AlN-TiB2(TiSi2)

The magnetron sputtered coatings on base AlN-TiB2(TiSi2) were investigated in this paper. The ele-ment composition, structural-phase composition, morphology and mechanical properties were investigated before and after annealing of coatings under 1350 °C. The concentration of elements in the coating were changed after annealing under 900 °C and further annealing under 1350 °C (especially after annealing under 1350 °C).The hardness of as-deposited coatings was 15 GPa, but after the annealing under 1350 °C the value of hardness was increased up to (2223.5) GPa. The value of the index viscoplastic was 0,07. The amorphous like structure and high damping properties of the AlN-TiB2(TiSi2) coating makes promising the use of these coatings as a contacting layer in multilayer wear resistant coatings, and as diffusion barriers in the form of independent elements. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3542

High Temperature Annealing of Ion-Plasma Nanostructured Coatings Based on AlN-TiB2(TiSi2)

The coatings investigated in this paper were deposited via the magnetron sputtering of AlN-TiB2(TiSi2) target in Ar atmosphere. The investigation of structural-phase composition, element composition, morphology and mechanical properties before and after annealing up to 1350 C was carried out. The concentration of elements in the coating was changed after annealing at 900 C and further annealing at 1350 C (especially after annealing at 1350 C). The hardness of as-deposited coatings was 15 GPa, but after annealing at 1350 C the value of hardness increased up to 22 - 23,5 GPa. The value of the viscoplastic index was 0.07. All this provide high damping properties of the coating, and amorphous-like structure makes promising the use of these coatings as diffusion barriers in the form of independent elements, and as a contacting layer in multilayer wear resistant coatings

High Temperature Annealing of Ion-Plasma Nanostructured Coatings Based on AlN-TiB2(TiSi2)

The coatings investigated in this paper were deposited via the magnetron sputtering of AlN-TiB2(TiSi2) target in Ar atmosphere. The investigation of structural-phase composition, element composition, morphology and mechanical properties before and after annealing up to 1350 C was carried out. The concentration of elements in the coating was changed after annealing at 900 C and further annealing at 1350 C (especially after annealing at 1350 C). The hardness of as-deposited coatings was 15 GPa, but after annealing at 1350 C the value of hardness increased up to 22 - 23,5 GPa. The value of the viscoplastic index was 0.07. All this provide high damping properties of the coating, and amorphous-like structure makes promising the use of these coatings as diffusion barriers in the form of independent elements, and as a contacting layer in multilayer wear resistant coatings

physical and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite and combined Ti-N-Si /WC-Co-Cr and Ti-N-Si/(CR3C2)75-(NiCr)25 coatings

Two types of the combined nanocomposite coatings (Ti-N-Si /WC-Co-Cr and Ti-N-Si/ (Cr3C2Ni)75-(NiCr)25) of 160-320 μm thickness were produced using two deposition techniques: the cumulative-detonation and the vacuum-arc deposition with the high-frequency discharge. This gives the possibility (using the combined coatings) to restore the size of worn areas of the tools and demonstrate the high corrosion and wear resistance, to increase the hardness, modulus of elasticity, and plasticity index. Composition of the top coating varied from Ti = 60 at.%, N = 30 at.%, and Si = 10 at.% to Ti = 75 at.%, N = 20 at.%, and Si = 5 at.%. In the first series of coatings the following phases were obtained: (Ti;Si) and TiN in thin top coating and WC and W2C in thick bottom coating. The second series gives (Ti;Si)N and TiN in top coating; Cr3Ni2 and pure Cr in bottom coating; and small amount of Ti19O17 in the transition region between thin and thick coatings. For the first series the grain size achieved 25 nm at the hardness of 38 GPa. For the second series the grain size was 15 nm at the hardness of 42 GРa ± 4 GPa. It is shown that the corrosion resistance in salt solution and acid media increases with the wear decrease as a result of the cylinder friction over the surface of combined coating. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9351Отримано два види комбінованих нанокомпозитних покриттів (Ti -N-Si /WC-Co-Cr; TI-N -Si/(Cr3C2Ni)75-(NiCr)25) товщиною 160 ÷ 320 мкм з використанням двох технологій осадження: кумулятивно-детонаційним з подальшим осадженням за допомогою вакуумно-дугового джерела у ВЧ розряді. Що дає можливість, за допомогою комбінованого покриття, відновлювати розмір зношених ділянок виробів із захистом їх від корозії, зносу, при цьому збільшити твердість, модуль пружності, індекс пластичності. Склад верхнього покриття змінювали від Ti = 60 %, N ≈ 30 %, Si = 10 % до Si = 5 %; N = 20 %, Ti = 75 %. У першій серії покриттів виявлені фази (Ti, Si) і TiN в тонкому верхньому покритті і WC і W2C в товстому нижньому покритті. У другій серії, у верхньому покритті були отримані (Ti, Si) N і TiN, а в нижньому покритті Cr3Ni2, чистий Cr; невелика кількість Ti19O17 в перехідній області між тонким і товстим покриттям. Розмір зерен в першому варіанті тонкого покриття складав 25 нм, при твердості 35 ГПа, а в другому варіанті розмір зерен кристалітів складав 15 нм при твердості Н = 42 ± 3,6 ГПа. Показано, що корозійна стійкість в сольовому розчині і кислотному середовищах збільшується, при зменшенні зносу в результаті тертя циліндра по поверхні комбінованого покриття. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9351Получено два вида комбинированных нанокомпозитных покрытий (Ti-N-Si/WC-Co-Cr; Ti-N-Si/(Cr3C2Ni)75-(NiCr)25) толщиной 160 ÷ 320 мкм с использованием двух технологий осаждения: кумулятивно-детонационным с последующим осаждением с помощью вакуумно-дугового источника в ВЧ разряде. Что даёт возможность, при помощи, комбинированного покрытия восстанавливать размер изношенных участков изделий с защитой их от коррозии, износа, при этом увеличить твердость, модуль упругости, индекс пластичности. Состав верхнего покрытия изменяли от Ti = 60 %, N ≈ 30 %, Si = 10 % до Si = 5 %; N = 20 %, Ti = 75 %. В первой серии покрытий обнаружены фазы (Ti; Si) и TiN в тонком верхнем покрытии и WC и W2C в толстом нижнем покрытии. Во второй серии, в верхнем покрытии были получены (Ti, Si)N и TiN, а в нижнем покрытии Cr3Ni2, чистый Cr; небольшое количество Ti19O17 в переходной области между тонким и толстым покрытием. Размер, зерен в первом варианте тонкого покрытия, составлял 25 нм, при твёрдости 35 ГПа, а во втором варианте размер зёрен кристаллитов составлял 15 нм при твёрдости Н = 42 ÷ 3,6 ГПа. Показано, что коррозионная стойкость в солевом растворе и кислотной средах увеличивается при уменьшении износа в результате трения цилиндра по поверхности комбинированного покрытия. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/935

Structural and mechanical characterization of (TiZrNbHfTa)N/WN multilayered nitride coatings

The (TiZrNbHfTa)N/WN multicomponent coatings were deposited by vacuum arc evaporation under dif- ferent substrate bias (-90 and -280 V).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used for analyzing of com- plex composition of investigated coatings by reflecting of atomic scale chemical interactions. The structural investigations showed the formation of a simple disordered solid solution in (TiZrNbHfTa)N layer, b-W2N phase in WN layer with fcc crystal structure and highly disordered bcc (110) and (220) -oriented high-entropy alloy phases, regardless of the applied bias potential. It was shown that with increasing of substrate bias from -90 to -280 V, there is a slight decrease of hardness from 34 to 31 GPa and increase of Young’s modulus from 325 to 337 GPa, which can be explained by annihilation of point defects and precipitation of relatively softer metallic phase

Structural and mechanical characterization of (TiZrNbHfTa)N/WN multilayered nitride coatings

The (TiZrNbHfTa)N/WN multicomponent coatings were deposited by vacuum arc evaporation under dif- ferent substrate bias (-90 and -280 V).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used for analyzing of com- plex composition of investigated coatings by reflecting of atomic scale chemical interactions. The structural investigations showed the formation of a simple disordered solid solution in (TiZrNbHfTa)N layer, b-W2N phase in WN layer with fcc crystal structure and highly disordered bcc (110) and (220) -oriented high-entropy alloy phases, regardless of the applied bias potential. It was shown that with increasing of substrate bias from -90 to -280 V, there is a slight decrease of hardness from 34 to 31 GPa and increase of Young’s modulus from 325 to 337 GPa, which can be explained by annihilation of point defects and precipitation of relatively softer metallic phase

A new type of (TiZrNbTaHf)N/MoN nanocomposite coating: Microstructure and properties depending on energy of incident ions

A novel (TiZrNbTaHf)N/MoN nanocomposite coatings, which consist of the nitride of the high-entropy alloy and the binary nitride, were synthesized by vacuum-arc deposition at various substrate biases. The elemental composition, chemical bonding state, phase structure, microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings were studied by high-resolution experimental methods: SIMS, GDMS, XPS, XRD, HR-TEM and nano-indentation.It was found that the chemical state of the (TiZrNbTaHf)N/MoN coatings has a complex nature, which consist of a mixture of nitrides of constituting elements. It was also shown that the coatings are based on B1 NaCl-structured γ-Mo2N-phase with a mixture of crystallographic orientations (111), (200), (220) and (311) together with the B1NaCl-structured (TiZrNbTaHf)N solid-solution phase. First-principles calculations demonstrated that the metal sub-lattice of the (TiZrNbTaHf)N solid solution can be based on Ti1-xHfyTa1-x-y, Zr1-xHfyTa1-x-y, Zr0.25Ti0.25Ta0.5 ternary alloys, which have the lowest mixing energy. The HR-TEM results showed that the nanocomposite nitride coatings have nano-scale multilayer structure with modulation periods ranged from 20nm to 25nm. The maximum hardness of approximately 29GPa demonstrated the coating deposited at a higher energy condition (−200V) with the thinnest modulation period of bilayer of 20nm (15nm of (TiZrNbTaHf)N and 5nm of Mo2N)