Bridge Scour and its Monitoring Using GSM Enabled Sensors – a Laboratory Study

River, Estuarine and Coastal Dynamic

A Better Approach in Secure Replication of Documents for Cloud Storage

Through unremitting and exponential upsurge of figure of customers and magnitude of this one’s documents, records reduplications converts additional and extra a requirement for cloud stowage benefactors. Through stowage of a exclusive replica of identical documents, cloud breadwinners importantly decrease their stowage and records transmission budgets. The recompenses of reduplication regrettably derive through extraordinary charge in languages of novel safety and discretion trials. This article recommends Cloud “Redup” a protected and proficient stowage facility that promises chunk-close reduplication and statistics discretion on similar period. Though founded on convergent encoding, Cloud “Redup” residues protected recognizes to meaning of constituent which instrument an extra encoding process and an admission switch appliance. Additionally, as obligation for reduplication at chunk-close increases and subject through admiration to key organization, this paper propose to comprise a novel constituent in instruction to device key administration for every chunk composed with definite reduplication process. These articles demonstration that upstairs presented through those novel mechanisms is negligible and ensures not influence general storing and reckoning charges. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15061

A Better Approach in Secure Replication of Documents for Cloud Storage

Through unremitting and exponential upsurge of figure of customers and magnitude of this one’s documents, records reduplications converts additional and extra a requirement for cloud stowage benefactors. Through stowage of a exclusive replica of identical documents, cloud breadwinners importantly decrease their stowage and records transmission budgets. The recompenses of reduplication regrettably derive through extraordinary charge in languages of novel safety and discretion trials. This article recommends Cloud “Redup” a protected and proficient stowage facility that promises chunk-close reduplication and statistics discretion on similar period. Though founded on convergent encoding, Cloud “Redup” residues protected recognizes to meaning of constituent which instrument an extra encoding process and an admission switch appliance. Additionally, as obligation for reduplication at chunk-close increases and subject through admiration to key organization, this paper propose to comprise a novel constituent in instruction to device key administration for every chunk composed with definite reduplication process. These articles demonstration that upstairs presented through those novel mechanisms is negligible and ensures not influence general storing and reckoning charges. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150520

A Statistical Approach for Voiced Speech Detection

Detection of Voice in speech signal is a challenging problem in developing high-performance systems used in noisy environments. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm for robust voiced speech detection and for the application to variable-rate speech coding. The key idea of the algorithm is considering speech energy and zero crossings rate (ZCR) information simultaneously when processing speech signals and finding the end point of the signal. Next to it a decision rule and a background noise statistics estimator, by applying a statistical model. A robust decision rule is derived from the generalized likelihood ratio test (LRT) by assuming that the noise statistics are known a priori. The algorithm is most efficient for the time-varying noise. According to our simulation results, the proposed algorithm shows significantly better performance in low signal-to-noise ratio and in noisy environments

Hyperhomocysteinemia in recurrent pregnancy loss and the effect of folic acid and vitamin B12 on homocysteine levels: a prospective analysis

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects about 5% of women. High levels of homocysteine, termed hyperhomocysteinemia, have been implicated in a number of pathologic processes in the venous and arterial vascular systems. Hyperhomocysteinemia in pregnant women has been associated with deep venous thrombosis, recurrent miscarriage, abruption placentae, preeclampsia, neural tube defects, and fetal growth restriction. This study aims at determining association between hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent pregnancy loss and also association of folic acid (vitamin B 9) and vitamin B 12 with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY), in reducing its levels in the body and thus preventing obstetric complications.Methods: A prospective study of pregnant mothers booked at our hospital over a period of two years with history of unexplained RPL were included in the study and their serum homocysteine levels were assessed. Hyperhomocysteinemia (>12 micromol/l) patients were treated with folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements and homocysteine levels were assessed again, post treatment.Results: Out of the 100 patients who were assessed, 32% of RPL patients had hyperhomocysteinemia. Folic acid and VitB12 supplementation reduced homocysteine levels and this was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with RPL. Vitamin supplementation to those with hyperhomocysteinemia, decreases homocysteine levels

Control of Progressive Collapse of the Structure Using Shear Wall

The vulnerability of reinforced concrete (RC) building systems to progressive collapse has turned out to be a challenging trouble for professionalstructural engineers so as to prevent total failure on account of nearby damage. The goal of this paper is to enhance the knowledge of such buildings’behavior underneath several scenarios of misplaced columns at differentfloor stages, and their capacity for progressive collapse. The homes hadbeen analyzed following the guidelines for progressive collapse evaluation and design organized by means of the general services administrationguidelines (GSA). The progressive collapse of a ten story structure subjected to a simplest gravity load is taken into consideration and the columnhas been eliminated at one place and the spread damage is evaluated. Theprogressive collapse study has been carried out by way of removing thecolumn at a diagnosed crucial locations (at corner, middle and at interior) as in line with GSA guidelines. Static analysis is done using analysisprogram ETABS. For each case, the consequences were taken in terms ofdemand capacity ratio (DCR) at critical section, and as a result the structurehas been assessed for it’s susceptible to progressive collapse. The availability of shear wall is made on the component wherein collapse occurred andDCR values are mentioned. After imparting the shear wall to the structure,the progressive collapse of the structure because of accidental load maybe controlled in order that the GSA guidelines recommended DCR valuewould be within the range

Proposed Technique for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization through Maximizing the Network Utility and Minimizing the Error Probability

Spectrum Sensing is an emerging technology in the field of wireless communication. It is an essential functionality of Cognitive Radio (CR) where it is used to detect whether there are primary users currently using the spectrum. Energy Detection technique is the most commonly used method for spectrum sensing. Non-cooperative spectrum sensing i.e. signal detection by single user suffers from several drawbacks. These drawbacks include shadowing/fading and noise uncertainty of wireless channels. Hence, to overcome these disadvantages, a new methodology called Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) has been suggested in the literature.This thesis deals with the comparison of conventional spectrum sensing techniques. Here, we consider the optimization of conventional energy detection based CSS. In CSS, hard combining technique has gained importance due to its simplicity and it deals with three decision rules which are ‘AND rule’, ‘OR rule’ and ‘MAJORITY rule’.For optimization, we have considered the network utility function and error probability. The aim of the thesis is to maximize the network utility and minimize the error probability. In order to achieve the goal we have proposed that the optimum voting rule is half voting rule also known as majority rule in ‘n out of K’ rules and obtained optimal number of cognitive radios by applying the hard decision rules. A method of obtaining the optimal detection threshold, numerically, has been presented. The optimal conditions have been verified through simulation results over an AWGN channel and it is concluded that, in proposed optimization scheme ‘MAJORITY rule (half voting rule)’ outperforms the ‘AND rule’ and ‘OR rule’. It has been found that the suitable selection of CR can achieve better utility function with minimum error probability for any wireless environment

Performance Analysis of WDM Network Based On EDFA Amplifier with Different Pumping Techniques

A key mechanism for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) implementation in optical network systems is gain flatness of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). The main intention of this paper is to correct the non-uniformity in the gain for every single channel so that the amplitude gain of the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) arrangement can be equalized.The software used in this paper is Optisystem 13 so as to accomplish gain flatness of EDFA. The gains are flattened inside 27dB from 1546nm to 1568nm group of wavelength with noise figure < 14dB and we have also seen the effect of various pumping techniques on gain and noise figure. A WDM system arrangement that includes an EDFA is modeled and obtained maximum uniformed gains

Forecasting the quality of water-suppressed (1) H MR spectra based on a single-shot water scan.

PURPOSE To investigate whether an initial non-water-suppressed acquisition that provides information about the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and linewidth is enough to forecast the maximally achievable final spectral quality and thus inform the operator whether the foreseen number of averages and achieved field homogeneity is adequate. METHODS A large range of spectra with varying SNR and linewidth was simulated and fitted with popular fitting programs to determine the dependence of fitting errors on linewidth and SNR. A tool to forecast variance based on a single acquisition was developed and its performance evaluated on simulated and in vivo data obtained at 3 Tesla from various brain regions and acquisition settings. RESULTS A strong correlation to real uncertainties in estimated metabolite contents was found for the forecast values and the Cramer-Rao lower bounds obtained from the water-suppressed spectra. CONCLUSION It appears to be possible to forecast the best-case errors associated with specific metabolites to be found in model fits of water-suppressed spectra based on a single water scan. Thus, nonspecialist operators will be able to judge ahead of time whether the planned acquisition can possibly be of sufficient quality to answer the targeted clinical question or whether it needs more averages or improved shimming. Magn Reson Med, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine