Evaluate the Impact of Soil Contamination on Vegetables and Fruits

In the chapter will be presented: scientific substantiation on the models used worldwide to evaluate the contamination of soil, respectively vegetables and fruits; development of theoretical models to evaluate the impact of soil contamination by heavy metals on vegetables and fruits; testing of theoretical models in real conditions based on data obtained from laboratory; development of mathematical models to evaluate the impact on soil contamination on vegetables and fruits and thus on consumers health. The research presented in the chapter aim to develop some original models on the correlation between the level of soil contamination, respectively the remanence of heavy metal in vegetables and fruits harvested for consumption in fresh state. The statistical mathematical models elaborated by the interpolation of the experimental data are models with practical applications in both scientific research and agricultural management

PHYTOREMEDIATION USING MEDICINAL PLANTS - A REVIEW

Intensification of industrial activities and the demographic explosion resulted in severe environmental pollution, with dramatic consequences on the atmosphere, water and soil. The pace of production and dispersion of the pollutant exceededat present the natural processes of of biodegradation, the release of toxic substances into the terrestrial ecosystem representing a major problem. In search of technological remedies of the environmental pollution, phytoremediation, that uses directly green plants, provides important perspectives. Although at present this therapy technique is poorly implemented, it presents certain advantages including the reduced environmental impact. Therefore, this paper is a synthesis that aims to highlight the use of medicinal plants, specially selected for the greening of polluted areas

THEORETICAL ASPECTS ON THE MOVEMENT OF PLANT FRAGMENTS ON THE SURFACE OF A PLANE SIFTERS CLASSIFIER

This paper presents the main theoretical elements underlying the process of dimensional separation of the fragments of chopped medicinal plants. To sort chopped plant mixture from the same medicinal plant, there are used vibratory classifiers with plane sifters, which are the active working body. Case studies were conducted and there were analyzed, based on numerical applications, the movements of plant fragments on a classifier with linear vibrations along the sifter, existing in practice. Numerical simulation has provided information on trajectory parameters of the jump of a plant fragment on the vibratory plane sifter, useful elements in the theoretical grounding of the equipment workflow

THEORETICAL ASPECTS ON THE MOVEMENT OF PLANT FRAGMENTS ON THE SURFACE OF A PLANE SIFTERS CLASSIFIER

This paper presents the main theoretical elements underlying the process of dimensional separation of the fragments of chopped medicinal plants. To sort chopped plant mixture from the same medicinal plant, there are used vibratory classifiers with plane sifters, which are the active working body. Case studies were conducted and there were analyzed, based on numerical applications, the movements of plant fragments on a classifier with linear vibrations along the sifter, existing in practice. Numerical simulation has provided information on trajectory parameters of the jump of a plant fragment on the vibratory plane sifter, useful elements in the theoretical grounding of the equipment workflow

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES ON THE VEGETAL MATERIAL QUALITY, IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE OF SOME PROCESSING PROCESSES OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS

In the production of medicinal plants, the phytotherapeutic products quality is given by the content and the amount of bioactive substances from the plant. The quality of the phytotherapeutic products is dependent on the quality of the vegetal raw material as well as by the quality of the manufacturing processes. This paper presents the experimental determinations of some physical and dimensional properties of the vegetal material, in order to separate by sorts and of obtaining of some vegetal extracts therefrom. The determinations were performed in order to optimize the separation and extraction processes of medicinal plants. Knowing the characteristics of the vegetal material is particularly important for the achievement of some high-performance technical equipment for processing of medicinal plants

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES ON THE VEGETAL MATERIAL QUALITY, IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE OF SOME PROCESSING PROCESSES OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS

In the production of medicinal plants, the phytotherapeutic products quality is given by the content and the amount of bioactive substances from the plant. The quality of the phytotherapeutic products is dependent on the quality of the vegetal raw material as well as by the quality of the manufacturing processes. This paper presents the experimental determinations of some physical and dimensional properties of the vegetal material, in order to separate by sorts and of obtaining of some vegetal extracts therefrom. The determinations were performed in order to optimize the separation and extraction processes of medicinal plants. Knowing the characteristics of the vegetal material is particularly important for the achievement of some high-performance technical equipment for processing of medicinal plants

Heavy metals contamination of the soil – water – vegetables chain in the Ilfov region

Dietary exposure to several heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Pb, As represents a risk to human health through the consumption of vegetables. Due to the possible risks for the human body, contamination of soils as well as drinking and irrigation water has been the subject of many researches. In this study, the analysis of heavy metals content from soil, water and vegetable samples from households in Ilfov County it was carried out. As a result, no contamination of soil and water with heavy metals was observed. Cadmium content is above the maximum allowable limit for all analyzed vegetables, excepting cabbage and green onion. Two lettuce samples have an alarmingly high content of lead, the values being even 10 times higher than the maximum admissible limit of 0.3 mg/kg. The high values obtained for chromium content in lettuce and radish samples raise serious questions about possible contamination. Arsenic content values ranged between 0.87 and 7.69 mg/kg, which also represents high values. Based on the transfer factor (TF) calculated the strongest accumulation of the metals was in lettuce

Researches on the accumulation and transfer of heavy metals in the soil in tomatoes -

Heavy metals in contaminated soils have benefited from a considerable attention due to the possible risks for the human body. The current study has investigated the accumulation and transfer coefficient for three heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn) found in the contaminated soil with three concentrations (c1=1.5%, c2=3.0%, c3=4.5%, c4=6.0%), obtained by mixing the three metals, in the tomato fruit. The highest accumulation in the tomato fruits was recorded for zinc, then copper and the smallest for lead, for all four concentrations used. The transfer coefficient decreases as the concentration of heavy metals increases, so that for high heavy metals concentrations, the values of the transfer coefficient are very low, and for small heavy metals concentrations in the soil, the values for the transfer coefficient are higher. The assessment of accumulation and transfer of heavy metals in the fruits of tomatoes grown in the contaminated soil has concluded that all concentrations of the copper, lead and zinc mix have shown a low risk for human consumption

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation

Environment pollution with heavy metals, can be a cause of the industrialization activities and technological processes, and has become an important issue. Soil contamination due to natural or anthropogenic causes (such as mining, smelting, warfare and military training, electronic industries, fossil fuel consumption, waste disposal, agrochemical use and irrigation) is a major environmental hazard. Various remediation techniques have been highlighted to clean or restore soils contaminated with heavy metals such physical, chemical or biological. Phytoremediation is a relatively new approach to removing contaminants from the environmental. It may be defined as the use of plants to remove, destroy or sequester hazardous substances from environmental. This paper is a review of removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation

Environment pollution with heavy metals, can be a cause of the industrialization activities and technological processes, and has become an important issue. Soil contamination due to natural or anthropogenic causes (such as mining, smelting, warfare and military training, electronic industries, fossil fuel consumption, waste disposal, agrochemical use and irrigation) is a major environmental hazard. Various remediation techniques have been highlighted to clean or restore soils contaminated with heavy metals such physical, chemical or biological. Phytoremediation is a relatively new approach to removing contaminants from the environmental. It may be defined as the use of plants to remove, destroy or sequester hazardous substances from environmental. This paper is a review of removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soil using phytoremediation