Morfologia comparada da asa da Tesourinha (Tyrannus Savana) na América do Sul

Foi feita uma análise sobre a diferença entre a morfologia da asa de duas subespécies diferentes da ave tesourinha (Tyrannus savana), uma das aves mais comuns da América do Sul: o T. s. monachus e o T. s. savana, provenientes de três populações distintas. A subespécie T. s. monachus é residente ou possivelmente migratória entre a América Central e América do Sul e tem a sua distribuição do sul do México ao sul da Colômbia, Venezuela, sul de Suriname, Guiana e centro-norte do Brasil. A subespécie T. s. savana é migratória e possui uma ampla distribuição geográfica, sendo encontrada desde o Uruguai, Argentina, Brasil, Bolívia, Venezuela até a Colômbia. Durante a primavera e verão as populações de T. s. savana migram em direção ao sul da sua área de distribuição, retornando no período seguinte ao norte da América do Sul em suas áreas de invernada. Por meio de estudos já realizados, sabemos que as espécies migratórias possuem uma morfologia de asa distinta das residentes. Em relação às aves que migram, as asas tendem a ser pontudas, sendo aerodinamicamente favoráveis a voos rápidos e prolongados, por permitirem que as aves sejam melhores sustentadas no ar com um menor gasto energético. Para uma asa ser considerada morfologicamente pontuda, ela deve possuir rêmiges primárias bastante alongadas, enquanto que as secundárias tendem a ser menos alongadas, o que configura uma asa longa e fina. Tirando medidas das asas de cada ave, bem como do peso das mesmas, obtive valores de aspect ratio, wing loading, Kipp's Distance e Kipp's Distance dividido pela corda da asa. Era esperando que os migratórios possuíssem valores maiores de aspect ratio, o que não foi encontrado no presente estudo, provavelmente devido ao hábito alimentar dessa espécie. Vários padrões de valores de wing loading surgiram entre as diferentes populações, o que prova que diferentes pressões evolutivas podem estar influenciando...Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS: a data set of bird morphological traits from the Atlantic forests of South America

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS

Scientists have long been trying to understand why the Neotropical region holds the highest diversity of birds on Earth. Recently, there has been increased interest in morphological variation between and within species, and in how climate, topography, and anthropogenic pressures may explain and affect phenotypic variation. Because morphological data are not always available for many species at the local or regional scale, we are limited in our understanding of intra- and interspecies spatial morphological variation. Here, we present the ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS, a data set that includes measurements of up to 44 morphological traits in 67,197 bird records from 2,790 populations distributed throughout the Atlantic forests of South America. This data set comprises information, compiled over two centuries (1820–2018), for 711 bird species, which represent 80% of all known bird diversity in the Atlantic Forest. Among the most commonly reported traits are sex (n = 65,717), age (n = 63,852), body mass (n = 58,768), flight molt presence (n = 44,941), molt presence (n = 44,847), body molt presence (n = 44,606), tail length (n = 43,005), reproductive stage (n = 42,588), bill length (n = 37,409), body length (n = 28,394), right wing length (n = 21,950), tarsus length (n = 20,342), and wing length (n = 18,071). The most frequently recorded species are Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 1,837), Turdus albicollis (n = 1,658), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 1,468), Turdus leucomelas (n = 1,436), and Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 1,384). The species recorded in the greatest number of sampling localities are Basileuterus culicivorus (n = 243), Trichothraupis melanops (n = 242), Chiroxiphia caudata (n = 210), Platyrinchus mystaceus (n = 208), and Turdus rufiventris (n = 191). ATLANTIC BIRD TRAITS (ABT) is the most comprehensive data set on measurements of bird morphological traits found in a biodiversity hotspot; it provides data for basic and applied research at multiple scales, from individual to community, and from the local to the macroecological perspectives. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications or teaching and educational activities. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ