A study to assess awareness on eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in adult population in Gwalior district (M.P.), India

Background: Purpose of current study was to determine the awareness of eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in the government colonies (Central and state govt. colonies) of district Gwalior (M.P.). Corneal diseases constitute a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in the developing world. Although Strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by Corneal Transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness.Methods: The present study was undertaken from July 2012 to Dec. 2012 with a total population 2192 was surveyed of people residing in central and state govt. Colonies of district Gwalior in which total of 500 houses were taken. The total population aged 30 years and above were interrogated by a predesigned questionnaire regarding awareness of eye donation, any eye related problem and willingness to pledge eyes for donation.Results: The total respondents were 947 in which 481 (50.79%) were Males and 466 (49.21%) were females. The awareness of eye donation was present in 590 (62.30%) while 357 (37.70%) were not aware.Conclusion: The awareness regarding eye donation should be increased so that the public’s attitude would be more favorable to facilitate an increase in the number of corneas available for transplantation.

An institution-based assessment of health care worker on handwashing knowledge and behavior in a tertiary care hospital central India

Patients, governments, and regulatory agencies are increasingly concerned about infections associated with health care. This is not only due to the severity of the problem in terms of associated morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs, but also because it is becoming increasingly apparent that the majority of these are preventable. The medical community is witnessing unprecedented advances in both the understanding of the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and the global spread of multidrug-resistant infections in health care facilities. These factors, coupled with the scarcity of new antimicrobials, have necessitated a reevaluation of the role of fundamental infection prevention practises in contemporary health care. There is now irrefutable evidence that strict hand hygiene practises reduce the risk of infection transmission. With "Clean Care is Safer Care" as a top priority of the WHO's global initiative on patient safety programmes, the time has come for developing countries to formulate policies for the implementation of fundamental infection prevention practises in health care settings. This study focuses on hand hygiene, one of the simplest, least expensive, and least accepted forms of infection prevention

A cross sectional observational study on red cell distribution width (RDW) in stroke patients

Red Cell Distribution Width  in past was used to differentiate between different  types of anemia. In last few years, several studies have revealed that RDW is an independent risk factor for many critical clinical cases, especially for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. a cross sectional study designed to observe the RDW among the patient with stroke and among patient who are admitted in intensive care unit because of other reason.present study was conducted over a period of 1 years in a  tertiary care hospital in the city of central India. A total 300intensive care unit patient were recruited in the study whom are aged above 18 years and patient/relative ready to give consent. Among them 150 were admitted with stroke which are allocated in group A (cases)and other 150 with other diseases in group B (control). Observation of the present study a total 300 participant were there 148 male and 152 female , the mean age of participants is 61.8 ±2.963 (±4.79%). 104 patient were having ischemic stroke, 46 patient were having haemorrhagic stroke .&nbsp

A cross-sectional observational study about knowledge and practice of handwashing among slum dwellers females in urban area

Hand-washing and basic hygiene practices can prevent diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, and skin infections. Despite abundant evidence supporting the efficacy of personal hygiene practices, they are not widely practiced. It has been observed that young children and their mothers in developing nations do not adequately wash their hands after contact with faeces . In urban slums with less access to clean water and sanitation, the magnitude of the problem is greater. In this study 200 female from slum of a city of northern Madhya Pradesh. Most of them were aware about the basic steps of hand washing and its importance but they not practice the hand washing with soap in their daily house hold work except after defecation

A study to assess major indications and outcome of lower segment cesarean section in hospital setting

The caesarean rate is substantially greater in India as compared to other regions of the world. The rising caesarean rate has contributed in greater socioeconomic strain on health care and also increased maternal morbidity. Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil nadu have been enjoying tremendous growth in institutional delivery between 1992-93 and 2007-08. Except Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, all these states provide the evidence of significant rise in caesarean section births. In 2008, the Maternal mortality (MMR) and the infant mortality rate (IMR/9 in these states were likewise highly high (Register General, India, 2011 and office of the Registrar General, India, 2016). (Register General, India, 2011 and office of the Registrar General, India, 2016). So, it can be stated that these states suffer from lack of health facilities to address surgical obstetric needs which totally explains increased mortality and ill health of mothers and their newborns in these states. The present study sought to find the significant indications and outcome of lower segment caesarean section. The present study sought to find out significant indications and outcome of lower segment caesarean section

A Cross-sectional Observational Study About Knowledge and Practice of Handwashing Among Slum Dwellers Females in Urban Area

Hand-washing and basic hygiene practices can prevent diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, and skin infections. Despite abundant evidence supporting the efficacy of personal hygiene practices, they are not widely practiced. It has been observed that young children and their mothers in developing nations do not adequately wash their hands after contact with faeces . In urban slums with less access to clean water and sanitation, the magnitude of the problem is greater. In this study 200 female from slum of a city of northern Madhya Pradesh. Most of them were aware about the basic steps of hand washing and its importance but they not practice the hand washing with soap in their daily house hold work except after defecation

Estimation of tuberculosis incidence at subnational level using three methods to monitor progress towards ending TB in India, 2015–2020

Objectives We verified subnational (state/union territory (UT)/district) claims of achievements in reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence in 2020 compared with 2015, in India.Design A community-based survey, analysis of programme data and anti-TB drug sales and utilisation data.Setting National TB Elimination Program and private TB treatment settings in 73 districts that had filed a claim to the Central TB Division of India for progress towards TB-free status.Participants Each district was divided into survey units (SU) and one village/ward was randomly selected from each SU. All household members in the selected village were interviewed. Sputum from participants with a history of anti-TB therapy (ATT), those currently experiencing chest symptoms or on ATT were tested using Xpert/Rif/TrueNat. The survey continued until 30 Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases were identified in a district.Outcome measures We calculated a direct estimate of TB incidence based on incident cases identified in the survey. We calculated an under-reporting factor by matching these cases within the TB notification system. The TB notification adjusted for this factor was the estimate by the indirect method. We also calculated TB incidence from drug sale data in the private sector and drug utilisation data in the public sector. We compared the three estimates of TB incidence in 2020 with TB incidence in 2015.Results The estimated direct incidence ranged from 19 (Purba Medinipur, West Bengal) to 1457 (Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya) per 100 000 population. Indirect estimates of incidence ranged between 19 (Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli) and 788 (Dumka, Jharkhand) per 100 000 population. The incidence using drug sale data ranged from 19 per 100 000 population in Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli to 651 per 100 000 population in Centenary, Maharashtra.Conclusion TB incidence in 1 state, 2 UTs and 35 districts had declined by at least 20% since 2015. Two districts in India were declared TB free in 2020