Effect of Lipotoxicity on ER Stress, Autophagy and Apoptosis in Skeletal Muscle and Regulation by Adiponectin

Obesity is a key factor contributing to the “metabolic syndrome” which increases the risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and liver complications. In obese conditions, lipotoxicity is a serious concern as the accumulation of lipids and lipid-intermediates in non-adipose tissue such as skeletal muscle, heart, liver and pancreas, leads to cellular dysfunction and activation of stress responses. In this study, I have examined how palmitate-induced lipotoxicity, effects the cellular processes ER stress, autophagy and apoptosis, in L6 rat skeletal muscle cells. I have elucidated cross-talk mechanisms between these processes, and have demonstrated that palmitate induces excessive protein accumulation, thereby stimulating ER stress, activation of the UPR and subsequent apoptosis. Autophagy may be recruited as a compensatory mechanism to help the cell cope with the stress of protein overload through its degradative pathway. Additionally, adiponectin may increase autophagic flux, thereby contributing to cytoprotective effects of reducing ER stress and apoptosis

Evaluation of perinatal outcome in women presented with first trimester vaginal bleeding: our experience

Background: First trimester vaginal bleeding (FTVB) plays a role in occurrence of late pregnancy complications in both mother and infant. Late pregnancy outcomes in mothers and infants are the main concerns for the obstetricians. The purpose of this study was to assess the perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by first trimester vaginal bleeding.Methods: The present study included total 100 singleton pregnant women with history of FTVB whose pregnancy was confirmed chemically. Patients were closely observed and follow up done 2 weekly upto 36 weeks and weekly after that. Late pregnancy outcomes such as gestational hypertension, pre eclampsia, placental abruption, preterm delivery and pre mature rupture of membranes in the mothers and  low birth weight, intrauterine growth ristriction, apgar score after 1 and 5 minutes,  and  NICU admission in new born were calculated.Results: Incidence of PROM, gestational hypertension and placental abruption is more in women with FTVB. However there infant had higher rate of IUGR and LBW. Apgar score after 1 and 5 minutes were less than 5 and admission to NICU too.Conclusions: FTVB is an important factor to predict both the maternal and fetal outcomes in late pregnancy. It is therefore important to evaluate and consider these pregnancies as high risk group and provide careful antenatal care

Isolation, Production, and Characterization of Thermotolerant Xylanase from Solvent Tolerant Bacillus vallismortis

Sixty bacterial strains isolated from the soils sample in the presence of organic solvent were screened for xylanase production. Among them, strain RSPP-15 showed the highest xylanase activity which was identified as Bacillus vallismortis. The isolate showed maximum xylanase production (3768 U/mL) in the presence of birch wood xylan and beef extract at 55°C pH 7.0 within 48 h of incubation. The enzyme activity and stability were increased 181.5, 153.7, 147.2, 133.6, and 127.9% and 138.2, 119.3, 113.9, 109, and 104.5% in the presence of Co2+, Ca2+, Mg+2, Zn+2, and Fe+3 ions (10 mM). Xylanase activity and stability were strongly inhibited in the presence of Hg and Cu ions. The enzyme was also stable in the presence of 30% of n-dodecane, isooctane, n-decane, xylene, toluene, n-hexane, n-butanol, and cyclohexane, respectively. The presence of benzene, methanol, and ethanol marginally reduced the xylanase stability, respectively. This isolate may be useful in several industrial applications owing to its thermotolerant and organic solvent resistance characteristics

A prospective study of ultrasonographic and FNAC correlation of thyroid pathology

Abstract Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of the thyroid gland is a well established first-line diagnostic test for the evaluation of diffuse thyroid lesions as well as thyroid nodules. It is found to be the most useful line of investigation than other investigations like ultrasonography (USG), thyroid function test (TFT), thyroid scan and serologic studies. Material and methods: Prospective study of minimum 100 cases was carried out with thyroid lesions that underwent USG thyroid and FNAC during the period of 1 s

Ethyl 3-oxo-2-[(4-sulfamoylphen­yl)hydra­zono]butyrate

In the title compound, C12H15N3O5S, an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the hydrazine unit and one of the carbonyl groups may influence the mol­ecular conformation. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, including one which is bifurcated, link the mol­ecules into a two-dimensional network

Hotel Personnel Retention In Uttar Pradesh: A Study of HYATT Hotels

This study has been conveyed to check the impact of retention practices in hotels of Uttar Pradesh and find ideas to get fruitful result. Data collected through a questionnaire. Likert scales were used to build the survey tool. The sample size of the study is 30 and a method of sampling based on probability was used. It is found that four common factors influenced the decision of employees to join the hotel industry, including salary, career growth, senior positions, and job complications. The technology was used effectively by the most common parameters and sufficient resources were available, the working environment was safe, comfortable and appropriately equipped, and management followed consistent policies and practices. Five parameters were used which were important to the productivity of personnel' activities: satisfied with their coworkers, job meant for their performance, suitability for their growth in tomorrow’s time, and acceptance of employees’ views. Personnel of Uttar Pradesh's hotels had different views on scenarios that influenced personnel, many personnel think they will resign for greater career advancement opportunities and better job prospects

Hemolytic anemia in a case of SARS CoV2 infection without respiratory involvement: a new dimension of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) infection is a predominantly respiratory illness with variable organ involvement. Hematological changes are an important manifestation and anemia is usually autoimmune in origin. It is easily identifiable and treatable complication. In absence of tell tail sign of COVID-19 infection high index of suspicion is required with prompt testing. Our patient presented as case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with no evidence of COVID-19 infection and tested after ruling out common causes in Indian setting. He responded to steroid therapy and viral clearance