GIS-BIM Interoperability for Regeneration of Transurban Areas

open3noIn order to manage analysis and project processes at a territorial, urban and architectural scale, linking information to metric data is an increasingly important topic. At a geographic and cartographic stage, the function of storing, managing and viewing data and information is performed by GIS (Geographic Information Systems), where vector features as points, lines, polygons are gathered in layers connected to an attribute table. In a similar way, when scale factor increases, for buildings and other engineering works there is a growing necessity to preserve data or attributes together with the features where they belong. For this purpose, a major role is played by BIM (Building Information Modeling), a modelling process in which the parts of a building are hierarchically organized and every feature is connected to an information table containing all data useful for the ongoing working process or for managing the life cycle of the modelled building or infrastructure. While the two systems are similar in concept, at the moment they suffer lack of mutual communication, especially in conveying informations from a platform to another. Studying relationships and possible connections between different data storage environments like GIS and BIM is one of the research topics of DATA – Developing Abandoned Transurban Areas, a research project now in progress at University of Padova, involving Departments of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering and Industrial Engineering. The main goal of the project is to design pilot regeneration scenarios for wasted or underused places, focusing on a part of the western peri-urban area of Padova marked by the overlapping of partially abandoned industrial or commercial buildings, transport infrastructures like a ring road and a railway, residential fabric and green or agricultural land. Among DATA key features there is a multi-scale approach: in a framework where urban peripheries are considered a relation system between a city and the surrounding territory, the project aims to combine the methods of urban and territorial analysis with a design concept in which industrial landmarks or empty spaces become the core of possible urban transformations. Therefore, starting from data mining and management related to the areas of interest, procedures for GIS to BIM data transfer are surveyed and implemented; then, the buildings, facilities and building complex involved in scenarios design will be modelled in detail, and relevant building-scale information will be added. At the moment, within the project, a pipeline to convert a GIS map of the buildings in our area of interest into a BIM 3D model provided with all the information of the GIS layer has been developed. Then, when the BIM model is modified, its updated attributes can be taken back to the GIS level. The aim of this paper is to describe the workflow for GIS-BIM interoperability in DATA project, results achieved at the moment and future goals and applications.openDavide Barbato, Guglielmo Pristeri, Massimo De MarchiBarbato, Davide; Pristeri, Guglielmo; DE MARCHI, Massim

Biotope Area Factor: An Ecological Urban Index to Geovisualize Soil Sealing in Padua, Italy

Over the last few years, soil sealing has been recognized as one of the major threats in terms of soil degradation and loss of ecosystem services. Although many efforts have been promoted to increase the awareness of safeguarding soil for stakeholders, its value as a non-renewable resource as well as soil-related services in urban ecosystems is not implemented enough in urban planning and policies. Due to the spatially explicit component and the geographical scale of soil sealing, mapping and quantifying the number of sealed surfaces is crucial. The aim of this paper was to estimate and geovisualize the soil sealed in the city of Padua (Italy) at a very detailed scale, testing the use of the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. Moreover, the paper aimed to simulate an alternative mitigation scenario in a specific study area of the city. Spatial analysis was performed testing the BAF index in a Geographic Information Sistem (GIS) environment and using aerial ortho-photos at very high resolution. The results show different values of the BAF index for all four neighborhoods from 0.35 to 0.69. In the mitigation scenario, the value of the BAF index was improved using a measure of green roofs. In conclusion, the paper provides an insightful case study for enriching the debate about soil sealing and gives scientific support for sustainable urban planning

La progettazione multi-scalare di una infrastruttura verde: prime sperimentazioni in ambito montano

Green and blue infrastructures (GBI) represent a multi-scale and multi-function spatial organisation model promoting the integration of Ecosystem Services in territorial and landscape planning processes, fostering the design and implementation of strategic contents. Adopting a multi-scale approach allows for designing an Ecosystem service-based GBI defined at a proper ecological-functional scale identifying suitable goals and strategies for addressing planning and programming tools at their most suitable implementation scale. In updating territorial and landscape plans for the Lombardy region, a Regional Green Infrastructure (Rete Verde Regionale, RVR) was defined as a strategic landscape infrastructure based on Ecosystem services mapping and assessment aiming to improve their performance, defining strategies, actions and solutions for increasing Natural Capital and human-well-being. This contribution describes the process of downscaling RVR design and features in the pilot territorial context of “Media and Alta Valtellina”, a fragile mountain area affected by remarkable ongoing and future planning interventions

Mappatura GIS degli spazi urbani abbandonati: un caso studio a Padova

Nel Nordest italiano, e in special modo in Veneto e a Padova, il fenomeno del consumo di suolo e dei suoi effetti negativi sull\u2019ecosistema urbano possiede dimensioni rilevanti: come affermano i dati del rapporto ISPRA 2018, il Veneto \ue8 al secondo posto tra le regioni italiane con maggior suolo consumato e circa la met\ue0 del territorio comunale padovano \ue8 impermeabilizzato. In ottica di sostenibilit\ue0 della pianificazione urbana, per limitare l\u2019impermeabilizzazione del suolo a scapito di nuove costruzioni, una delle azioni possibili \ue8 il riuso di siti abbandonati. La combinazione tra espansione insediativa non sufficientemente controllata, spostamento o crisi delle funzioni produttive e dismissione del patrimonio pubblico hanno infatti generato, e continuano a farlo, fenomeni diffusi di abbandono e disuso di edifici, aree e complessi che, se allo stato attuale sono delle enclaves chiuse alle citt\ue0, sono anche sedi potenziali per ospitare nuove attivit\ue0 e funzioni urbane senza consumare ulteriore suolo. Partendo da questi presupposti, il Progetto Innovativo degli studenti MUES \u2013 Mapping Urban Empty Spaces, coordinato dal dipartimento DAFNAE dell\u2019Universit\ue0 di Padova, fa uso delle tecnologie della geoinformazione per mappare spazi abbandonati in alcune aree campione della citt\ue0 di Padova. Il progetto si \ue8 focalizzato principalmente sull\u2019area Portello-Stanga-Fiera, a est della citt\ue0 e caratterizzata dalla presenza di complessi a uffici ed edifici universitari. Dopo una prima fase di raccolta dati, esso si \ue8 sviluppato attraverso laboratori, urban walks con uso di geoapp ed eventi di mappatura partecipativa su supporto cartaceo, con il coinvolgimento degli abitanti del quartiere e degli studenti dell\u2019Universit\ue0 di Padova. Ogni elemento mappato \ue8 stato riportato in ambiente GIS e corredato di una tabella informativa con parametri quali superficie, tipologia, propriet\ue0 e destinazione d\u2019uso prevista. Sulla scia di quanto fatto in anni recenti in altre citt\ue0 italiane (Milano, Forl\uec, Verona), infine, le informazioni raccolte sfociano in una piattaforma webGIS di presentazione e diffusione del progetto, aperta alla fruizione da parte di cittadini, associazioni ed altri attori urbani

Biotope Area Factor: An Ecological Urban Index to Geovisualize Soil Sealing in Padua, Italy

Over the last few years, soil sealing has been recognized as one of the major threats in terms of soil degradation and loss of ecosystem services. Although many efforts have been promoted to increase the awareness of safeguarding soil for stakeholders, its value as a non-renewable resource as well as soil-related services in urban ecosystems is not implemented enough in urban planning and policies. Due to the spatially explicit component and the geographical scale of soil sealing, mapping and quantifying the number of sealed surfaces is crucial. The aim of this paper was to estimate and geovisualize the soil sealed in the city of Padua (Italy) at a very detailed scale, testing the use of the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. Moreover, the paper aimed to simulate an alternative mitigation scenario in a specific study area of the city. Spatial analysis was performed testing the BAF index in a Geographic Information Sistem (GIS) environment and using aerial ortho-photos at very high resolution. The results show different values of the BAF index for all four neighborhoods from 0.35 to 0.69. In the mitigation scenario, the value of the BAF index was improved using a measure of green roofs. In conclusion, the paper provides an insightful case study for enriching the debate about soil sealing and gives scientific support for sustainable urban planning

Towards a more Liveable and Accessible Cycle Path Network in Padova: a Participatory Mapping Process

With the advent of climate-related issues and low-carbon economy, networks of cycle paths and tracks are becoming a more and more relevant mobility infrastructure for cities. However, mapping their critical points in order to fix them to improve liveability and accessibility can be difficult. One solution may be to combine digital technologies and users' knowledge, using the methods of participatory mapping. The first experiences in participatory GIS, in which geo-information technologies are used in support of collection, creation and sharing of spatial information by non-skilled social actors, date back to the nineteen- eighties. This bottom-up approach saw a strong evolution in recent years, even in the European urban context, thanks to the constant development of digital technologies and to the increasing opportunities for citizens to access the web. Free and open geographic data, by means of Public Participatory GIS (PPGIS) and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), facilitate the citizens' involvement and participation in urban planning and management. This is the framework behind PISTE riCICLABILI, an innovative project by the University of Padova started in autumn 2016 and aiming at the following goals: a participatory mapping of critical issues of the urban cycle path network and the implementation of an open source geo-portal for collecting and sharing geo-referenced reports. Within the workflow developed for this project, spatial information has been collected in two different ways: on the one hand, using printed city maps during public events, where involved citizens marked the cycle paths issues with pins; on the other hand, through a mobile geo-app. In the second case, Open Data Kit (ODK) was used. It is a combination of free and open source tools enabling everyone to create a form to be filled in with a smartphone in the field, and to send geo-referenced reports to a server. Mobile data were collected using the GeoODK Collect Android app, then aggregated and periodically exported, reprocessed and released through the open source webGIS platform Lizmap. First results of the process, which experienced a growing participation by citizens, consist of over 300 collected critical points. Through the analysis of these data it is possible to have a first overview on the main problems of bicycle mobility in Padova, their spatial implications and citizens' suggestions to improve human-oriented places. This contribution presents the mapping and data spreading workflow, together with results achieved and possible future development, with the aim to share a promising tool to improve urban sustainable mobility

An Open Multi-user Platform in Support of Urban Development: the DATA WebGIS

One of the key features of our times is the availability of a huge amount of digital data regarding any branch of knowledge or human activity, combined with the widespread diffusion of devices connected to the web. Besides, the potential of data mining and processing offered by contemporary ICT is constantly growing. Turning these capabilities into opportunities and advantages is a challenge involving a lot of research areas. In the field of urban and territorial studies, free and open access to spatial data is by now a common policy for national and international institutions: an example is the INSPIRE Directive by European Union, which sets a framework for Spatial Data Infrastructures by its member states. As a consequence, georeferenced data and thematic maps concerning cities and their surrounding territory are released for public consultation by administrations and monitoring agencies. Nevertheless, this proliferation of data is not always accompanied by an improvement of spatial planning quality: in western cities, economic crisis and functional obsolescence can take to decommission or underuse of buildings and compounds, both public and private; at the same time, a circular and environmentally- friendly vision of urban development is still struggling to gain acceptance in practices. In order to reactivate complex urban or peri-urban areas, traditional planning shall therefore lean on different research fields in a multidisciplinary vision. Proposed scenarios should be sustainable, and take advantage of new ways of thinking and acting bred by the advancement of digital geo-information technologies. DATA \u2013 Developing Abandoned Transurban Areas is a research project financed by European Social Funds, involving Departments of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering and Industrial Engineering of the University of Padova and fitting in the framework described above. It aims to generate pilot transformation scenarios for abandoned areas awaiting regeneration. The chosen sample region is a part of the western periphery of Padova, in the North East of Italy, marked by a mix of rural and built surfaces, infrastructures and partially abandoned building complexes. One of DATA topics is to collect and process multi-scale data related to the region of interest, for the purpose of releasing them on an open source webGIS platform, thus spreading knowledge outside the academic field and creating interactions with involved urban actors. Collected data include base city maps, social and environmental information, historical evolution of the studied area, urban development plans. Their processing is developed through an open source workflow, from QGIS software to a GeoNode web platform, and their combination produces integrated information layers and in-depth analysis about the nodes of possible urban transformations. This paper introduces data and GIS-based analysis feeding the platform, together with its fruition levels: the webGIS in fact addresses to different users' categories, including the research group itself, public and private stakeholders that may be interested in starting new urban projects, active citizens and associations willing to participate in the processes of development. The final goal is to keep the platform working beyond the end of the research project, as a base framework for the futures of the area

De Marchi, Massimo

Con il rapido sviluppo delle tecnologie digitali per la raccolta, gestione diffusione di dati spaziali, la ricerca geografica ha beneficiato in anni recenti di numerosi contributi basati sulla partecipazione o collaborazione di cittadini, singolarmente o in gruppo, facilitata da tecnologie dell’informazione geografica, geotool, geoapp. Processi di questo genere possono essere catalogati sotto diverse terminologie: Citizen Science, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), Participatory Mapping, Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) e altre ancora. Uno dei campi di applicazione più diffusi delle ricerche basate sull’interazione tra ricercatori e cittadini è la realtà urbana, in special modo le azioni di mappatura di tematismi rilevanti dal punto di vista sociale o ambientale. Nel Laboratorio GIScience e Drones for Good attivo presso il Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Ambientale dell’Università di Padova, e con la collaborazione di altri dipartimenti, il gruppo di ricerca collegato al Master di II livello in GIScience e Sistemi a Pilotaggio Remoto per la gestione integrata del territorio e delle risorse naturali sviluppa da alcuni anni una linea di ricerca fondata su metodologie di mappatura partecipata a supporto di analisi sulla sostenibilità urbana. In questo contributo vengono illustrati tre dei progetti afferenti a tale linea di ricerca: “Il Valore del Suolo”, per mappare la permeabilità delle superfici in un quartiere campione di Padova; “Piste riCiclabili”, per individuare le criticità dei percorsi ciclabili padovani; “MUES – Mapping Urban Empty Spaces”, per la mappatura di spazi abbandonati nel comune di Padova. Per ogni progetto si descrivono obiettivi, metodologie, tecnologie dell’informazione geografica utilizzate, attori coinvolti e risultati ottenuti, allo scopo di trovare connessioni tra questi elementi e ragionare su pregi e limiti di tali operazioni.The rapid development of digital technologies to collect, manage and spread spatial data has led the geospatial research field to be involved in a great number of projects based on participation by citizens, both individually and in groups, facilitated by geographic information technologies, geotools, geoapps. Such processes may be classified under different terms and definitions: Citizen Science, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), Participatory Mapping, Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) and more. One of the most common fields of application for interaction-based geographical researches is the urban context, especially mapping features and themes which are relevant from a social or environmental point of view. Within the GIScience e Drones for Good Lab, part of the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering of University of Padova, and with the collaboration of other departments, the group linked to the post-graduate Master in GIScience and UAV has been leading for several years a line of research based on participatory mapping methodologies in support of urban sustainability analysis. Here, three of the performed projects are presented: “Il Valore del Suolo”, to map perviousness of surfaces in a sample neighbourhood in Padova; “Piste Riciclabili”, to detect critical issues in Padova cycle paths; “MUES – Mapping Urban Empty Spaces”, to map abandoned sites in Padova. For each of these projects, objectives, methodologies, involved geographic information technologies and actors, results are described, with the aim to find connections between such elements and think about pros and cons of these kinds of processes

Whose Urban Green? Mapping and Classifying Public and Private Green Spaces in Padua for Spatial Planning Policies

none6noThe rising environmental issues on contemporary cities urgently calls for sustainable planning policies. Implementation of nature-based solutions, ecosystem services, and green infrastructures associated to green spaces management is at present of paramount importance. In contrast to policies mainly focused on public greenery, the inclusion of private green in planning strategies might be a promising pathway. The general aim is mapping and classifying urban green spaces in Padua, a city of 93.3 km2 (Northeast Italy). Specific aims are (i) testing an NDVI-derived extraction from very high-resolution orthophotos; (ii) classifying property status; (iii) highlighting multilevel relationships and strategies for urban green spaces implementation and management; (iv) assessing greenery in relation to per capita population. By performing remote sensing and GIS analyses, a first detailed global map of urban green spaces in Padua was created; then, binary classification and thematic maps for rural/non-rural, public/private, municipal/non-municipal greenery were produced for all urban units. Results show that, among total green spaces (52.23 km2), more than half are rural. Moreover, private green spaces represent 80%, while within public areas (20%) less than 10% are municipal (5 km2). We therefore highlight scenarios for planning policies in Padua by providing tools to policymakers for an integrated management of green spaces, where private greenery might also contribute to ecosystem services implementation for common urban well-being. View Full-TextopenPristeri, G.; Peroni, F.; Pappalardo, S.E.; Codato, D.; Masi, A.; De Marchi, M.Pristeri, G.; Peroni, F.; Pappalardo, S. E.; Codato, D.; Masi, A.; De Marchi, M