Are immigrants so stuck to the floor that the ceiling is irrelevant?

In this paper, the immigrant-native wage differential is explained through quantile regression estimations. Using repeated cross-sections of the British Labour Force Survey from 1993-2005, we analyse the returns to covariates across the conditional earnings distribution. We estimate a pooled model with an immigrant dummy and separate models for immigrants and natives of the UK. Our results show that the positive wage gap in favour of immigrants is attributed to those at higher quantiles. Returns to education and experience vary wider for natives than for immigrants. We decompose the wage gap in the Blinder-Oaxaca framework and apply quantile regression techniques to see if immigrants simply have more viable labour market characteristics than natives or if there is a preference for immigrant workers (reverse discrimination). Our findings suggest immigrants should actually be earning more and there is sufficient evidence of discrimination. This finding is, however, not symmetric across the conditional wage distribution and immigrants atthe bottom face more discrimination than those at the top.immigration ; wage differential ; quantile regression ; Blinder-Oaxaca ; decomposition

Are immigrants so stuck to the floor that the ceiling is irrelevant?

In this paper, the immigrant-native wage differential is explained through quantile regression estimations. Using repeated cross-sections of the British Labour Force Survey from 1993-2005, we analyse the returns to covariates across the conditional earnings distribution. We estimate a pooled model with an immigrant dummy and separate models for immigrants and natives of the UK. Our results show that the positive wage gap in favour of immigrants is attributed to those at higher quantiles. Returns to education and experience vary wider for natives than for immigrants. We decompose the wage gap in the Blinder-Oaxaca framework and apply quantile regression techniques to see if immigrants simply have more viable labour market characteristics than natives or if there is a preference for immigrant workers (reverse discrimination). Our findings suggest immigrants should actually be earning more and there is sufficient evidence of discrimination. This finding is, however, not symmetric across the conditional wage distribution and immigrants atthe bottom face more discrimination than those at the top

Heterogenity in the wage impacts of immigrants

This paper analyses impacts of immigration on individual wages. The empirical analysis is based on the British Labour Force Survey from 1993 to 2005. In addition to mean regression methods, this paper applies a semi-parametric procedure to measure covariates at quantiles of the wage distribution. Results indicate the substitutability of immigrant workers depends on the combination of education and experience attained. Our main finding is university educated immigrants with the least experience expand wages of all UK-born workers. We also find positive wage impacts between workers with the same skill sets and these effects are stronger for immigrants than natives

Appropriate Methodologies to Better Measure Consumer Preferences for Postal Services

This report summarises work undertaken testing the use of stated preference discrete choice experiments to measure consumer preferences for postal services. It discusses the importance of understanding and quantifying consumer priorities in the postal sector and presents different methods used for valuing non-market goods. We recommend the use of stated preference discrete choice experiments, and test the use of this approach in three member states. We provide the findings for these member states, as well as a “tool kit” for applying this methodology in other member states in future.Consumer preferences, postal services, discrete choice, two-sided market

The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Private Law Enforcement: Evidence from University Police

Over a million people in the United States are employed in private security and law enforcement, yet very little is known about the effects of private police on crime. The current study examines the relationship between a privately-funded university police force and crime in a large U.S. city. Following an expansion of the jurisdictional boundary of the private police force, we see no short-term change in crime. However, using a geographic regression discontinuity approach, we find large impacts of private police on public safety, with violent crime in particular decreasing. These contradictory results appear to be a consequence of delayed effect of private police on crime

Are immigrants so stuck to the floor that the ceiling is irrelevant?

In this paper, the immigrant-native wage di§erential is explained through quantile regression estimations. Using repeated cross-sections of the British Labour Force Survey from 1993-2005, we analyse the returns to covariates across the conditional earnings distribution. We estimate a pooled model with an immigrant dummy and separate models for immigrants and natives of the UK. Our results show that the positive wage gap in favour of immigrants is attributed to those at higher quantiles. Returns to education and experience vary wider for natives than for immigrants. We decompose the wage gap in the Blinder-Oaxaca framework and apply quantile regression techniques to see if immigrants simply have more viable labour market characteristics than natives or if there is a preference for immigrant workers (reverse discrimination). Our Öndings suggest immigrants should actually be earning more and there is su¢ cient evidence of discrimination. This Önding is, however, not symmetric across the conditional wage distribution and immigrants at the bottom face more discrimination than those at the top

Development of a European crime report: improving safety and justice with existing crime and criminal justice data.

Cross-national comparisons and benchmarking of crime and criminal justice (CCJ) data provide real opportunities for countries to learn from each other and assess their own efforts to address CCJ challenges. However, there are numerous data sets from which to choose and making such comparisons is a complex endeavour. Comparisons must be undertaken and reported carefully to inform evidence-based policies and changes. To promote these efforts in the field of CCJ policy, European Commission Directorate-General Home Affairs (DG HOME) commissioned RAND Europe to create a framework for developing a European Crime Report (ECR). The main aims of this study are to inform on the available data and reports for which to build an ECR; clarify analytical challenges in writing an ECR; and outline design and implementation options for an ECR. This report will be of interest to government officials, policy analysts and academics and researchers seeking to understand and address CCJ challenges at the local, regional, national and international levels

The economic promise of Malaria reduction

In Sub-Saharan Africa, illness and death from malaria remain harsh realities. While the psychological and social consequences are keenly felt by those living in countries where the malady is most endemic, the economic implications are less well understood