Avaliação clínica e laboratorial de meninas com diagnóstico de puberdade precoce central acompanhadas em ambulatório de referência

Objetivo: descrever o perfil de meninas tratadas com análogo de GnRH quanto aos aspectos clínicos, radiológicos e laboratoriais. Avaliar o efeito do tratamento com análogos de GnRH no índice de massa corpórea (IMC) de meninas com puberdade precoce central. Metodologia: estudo transversal, retrospectivo, de pacientes do sexo feminino, acompanhadas em hospital terciário entre janeiro de 2007 e julho de 2017. Critérios de inclusão: sexo feminino em tratamento com análogo de GnRH. Critérios de exclusão: sexo masculino, LH pós 1ª dose < 5 UI/L. Utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação linear de Spearman para variáveis contínuas, o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para variáveis categóricas, além do Teste t de Student unilateral. O nível de significância estatística adotado para todos os testes foi de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: Foram avaliadas 128 meninas; idade média da telarca: 6,39 ± 1,51 anos; idade média da pubarca: 6,68 ± 1,57 anos; idade média no início do tratamento: 7,95 ± 1,22 anos; média do LH basal: 1,94 ± 1,82 UI/L; média do LH pós 1ª dose: 27,15 ± 22,73 UI/L; média do delta de idade óssea: 2,23 anos de avanço (±1,01). Correlação positiva entre o estadiamento puberal e os valores de LH basal e pós estímulo (p<0,001), LH basal e o delta de idade óssea foi de 0,435 (p<0,001), e 11,8% dos eutróficos evoluíram com sobrepeso e 2,9% com obesidade, já, das com sobrepeso, 16,1% tornaram‑se obesas. Conclusão: demonstrou-se uma tendência ao aumento do IMC durante o 1º ano de tratamento tanto no grupo eutrofia quanto sobrepeso. Ressalta-se que a maioria das crianças já iniciou tratamento com sobrepeso ou obesidade (57%)

Avaliação do uso de injetáveis em portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 acompanhados em ambulatório de referência

Objetivo: Avaliar as práticas de injetáveis em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) acompanhados em hospital terciário. Metodologia: pacientes portadores de DM1 e seus responsáveis responderam questionário que envolvia perguntas referentes à doença e ao seu tratamento. Foram utilizados o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: 119 pacientes; 0,8% lactentes, 12,7% pré-escolares, 17,8% escolares, 64,4% adolescentes e 4,2% adultos; predomínio do sexo masculino (56,3%). A idade ao diagnóstico do DM1 foi de 7,9 anos e tempo de doença de 3,6 anos. Média de HbA1c de 8,84% com correlação positiva ao tempo de doença (r= 0,226, p= 0,021). Dose total de insulina foi de 0,96 UI/kg/dia, sendo 0,55 UI/kg/dia (57,2%) em forma basal. Análogos de insulina de ação lenta foram utilizados em 65,5% dos indivíduos e de ação ultrarrápida em 68,1%. Foi verificada maior dose de insulina total e bolus nos adolescentes (p= 0,024, p= 0,007). A média de reutilização da agulha para aplicação foi de 7,6 vezes. Enquanto a lipo-hipertrofia foi diagnosticada pelo médico em 47,8% dos pacientes, apenas 34,7% destes referiam sua presença. Conclusão: Esse estudo permitiu conhecimento sobre uso de insulina em pacientes com DM1 e seus resultados irão estimular melhores práticas relacionadas à saúde desses pacientes

Assessment of Right Ventricle Function and Myocardial Fibrosis by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Patients with Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction

<div><p>Abstract Background: Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) can be found in 30-50% of patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (I-MI) and predicts early mortality. Myocardial fibrosis is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction and severe prognosis. In these patients, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an important risk stratification method. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the association between RVD and myocardial fibrosis in patients with I-MI, using CMR. Methods: Cohort study conducted in a prominent center of cardiology. Forty individuals with I-MI were included in the study. CMR was performed during hospitalization to estimate parameters of right ventricle function and to quantify myocardial fibrosis through late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique. Patients were stratified by ventricular function, and clinical characteristics were compared between study groups. Results: Forty patients were included in the study, 75% were male and 43% elderly (age ≥ 60 years). Hypertension (45%) and smoking (33%) were the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors. RVD was found in 33% of patients. Mean fibrosis mass was 22 ± 12 g in patients with RVD compared with 15 ± 8 g in patients with preserved ventricular function (p = 0.051). Conclusions: The findings of our study indicate a possible association between RVD and myocardial fibrosis in patients with I-MI. However, further studies with larger series are needed to confirm our findings.</p></div

Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data