478 research outputs found
Rolul moleculelor complexului major de histocompatibilitate în sistemul imun
Background. The major histocompatibility complex (MCH) is one of the most studied regions of the
human genome. MHC is located on the short arm of chromosome 6 and plays an important role in
susceptibility to several human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, type I diabetes, transplant
rejection. Objective of the study. The present paper is intended to be a review of the role of MCH and
HLA in the human immune system, as well as to identify the relationship between MCH and human
pathologies, frequently associated with the inheritance of specific HLA alleles. Material and
Methods. A synthesis and analysis of data from the literature was performed. Materials from the
electronic databases PubMed, e-library, Libgen, Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, as well as other
specialized monographs were used. Relevant sources, which describe the role of MCH in the immune
system, were searched for with the keywords "major histocompatibility complex", "human
diseases". Results. More than 50 diseases associated with MCH are known. Individual HLA alleles
dictate the specificity of T lymphocyte interactions and guide antigen-specific immune
events. Polymorphism is involved in the pathogenesis when specific HLA genes are associated with the
disease. DR4 and DR5 carriers have an increased predisposition to IgE production and the development
of allergic reactions.Carriers of alleles B27 and A2 are resistant to influenza infection. Ankylosing
spondylitis is also associated with A2. 90% of patients have this antigen, but in the population there are
only 9% carriers of B27. The DR4 antigen is associated with RA, DR3-with SLE, DQ3-with insulindependent diabetes. Conclusion. Class II is most commonly involved in the onset and development of
MCH-associated diseases. In most cases, carriers of an HLA molecule are more susceptible to a disease,
but there are also examples in which a special allele provides protection against disease.
Introducere. Complexul major de histocompatibilitate (MCH) este una dintre cele mai studiate regiuni
ale genomului uman. MHC se află pe brațul scurt al cromozomului 6 si joacă un rol important în
susceptibilitatea față de mai multe boli umane, inclusiv boli autoimune, diabet zaharat tip I, rejetul de
transplant. Scopul lucrării. Lucrarea de fаţă se doreşte а fi o trecere în revistă a rolului MCH și HLA
în sistemul imun uman, precum și identificarea relației dintre MCH și patologiile umane, frecvent
asociate cu moștenirea de alele specifice HLA. Material și Metode. A fost efectuată o sinteză și analiză
a datelor din literatura de specialitate. Au fost folosite materialele din bazele de date electronice
PubMed, e-library, Libgen, Google Scholar, Sciencedirect, precum și alte monografii de specialitate.
Surse relevante, care descriu rolul MCH în sistemul imun, au fost căutate cu ajutorul cuvintelor cheie:
„major histocompatibility complex”, „human diseases”. Rezultate. Sunt cunoscute peste 50 boli
asociate cu MCH. Alelele individuale HLA dictează specificul interacțiunilor limfocitelor T și ghidează
evenimente imune specifice antigenului. Polimorfismul e implicat în patogeneza bolii atunci când genele
HLA specifice sunt asociate cu boli. Purtătorii DR4 si DR5 au predispunere crescută la producerea IgE
și dezvoltarea reacțiilor alergice. Purtătorii alelelor B27 și A2 sunt rezistenți la infecția gripală. Cu A2
e asociată și spondilita anchilozantă. 90% din bolnavi au acest antigen, dar în populație sunt doar 9%
purtatori de B27. Antigenul DR4 e asociat cu artrita reumatoidă, DR3 - cu lupusul eritematos, DQ3 - cu
diabetul insulinodependent. Concluzii. Clasa II este cel mai frecvent implicată în apariția și dezvoltarea
bolilor asociate cu MCH. În majoritatea cazurilor, purtătorii unei molecule HLA sunt mai susceptibili
la o boală, dar există și exemple în care o alelă specială oferă protecție împotriva bolilor
VeLeRo: an inflected verbal lexicon of standard Romanian and a quantitative analysis of morphological predictability
This paper presents VeLeRo, an inflected lexicon of Standard Romanian which contains the full paradigm of 7297 verbs in phonological form. We explain the process by which the resource was compiled, and how stress, diphthongs and hiatus, consonant palatalization, and other relevant issues were handled in phonemization. On the basis of the most token-frequent verbs in VeLeRo, we also perform a quantitative analysis of morphological predictability in Romanian verbs, whose complexity patterns are presented within the broader Romance context
IoT Forensic -- A digital investigation framework for IoT systems
Security issues, threats, and attacks in relation with the IoT have been
identified as promising and challenging area of research. Eventually, the need
for a forensics methodology for investigating IoT-related crime is therefore
essential. However, the IoT poses many challenges for forensics investigators.
These include the wide range and variety of information, the unclear lines of
differentiation between networks, for example private networks increasingly
fading into public networks. Further, integration of a large number of objects
in IoT forensic interest, along with the relevance of identified and collected
devices makes forensic of IoT devices more complicated. The scope of this paper
is to present a framework for IoT forensic. We aimed at the study and
development of the link to support digital investigations of IoT devices and
tackle emerging challenges in digital forensics. We emphasize on various steps
for digital forensic with respect to IoT devices.Comment: Paper presented at 10th International Conference on Electronics,
Computers and Artificial Intelligence, , ECAI 2018 - 28-30 June 2018 - Iasi,
Romani
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