Style and interpretation in the nineteenth‐century German violin school with particular reference to the three sonatas for pianoforte and violin by Johannes Brahms

From the mid nineteenth to early twentieth centuries the performance of Brahms’s music was intricately bound with the performance style of artists within his circle. In violin playing Joseph Joachim (1831‐1907) was the foremost exponent of the German violin school. The stylistic characteristics of this school, which included selective use of a pre‐modern style of vibrato, prominent application of portamento, predominantly legato approach to bow strokes and the frequent and noticeable modification of tempo and rhythm, were considered indispensable expressive devices by Joachim, Brahms and others associated with this circle. While the use of such devices in the nineteenth century has been well documented in published research over the past 15 years or so, there is currently much contention about the extent to which such devices were employed. Importantly, in addition to written documentation and solo recordings, this thesis examines recordings of chamber ensembles—whose members had a connection to the German violin school and/or Brahms—that as yet have been little consulted as primary source evidence. Spectrogram analyses of many of these recordings provide definitive evidence of vibrato that was narrow in width, fast, and applied selectively. Other new evidence in my thesis strongly supports the hypothesis that portamento, tempo modification and rhythmic alteration were used to a much greater extent than today, and this significantly enhanced the rhetorical features in Brahms’s music. A detailed Performance Edition with Critical Notes about Brahms’s three Sonatas for Pianoforte and Violin Opp. 78, 100 and 108, applies the evidence elucidated throughout the thesis

Progressive poliodystrophy: association with disturbances in pyruvate metabolism

Contains fulltext : mmubn000001_027557464.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Promotores : F. Gabreëls en J. Slooff151 p

Interhemispheric subdural hematoma in adults: case reports and a review of the literature

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Interhemispheric subdural hematoma in adults: case reports and review of the literature

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Afbakening aanbevolen: Geneesmiddelenonderzoek is in de WMO geen eenduidig begrip.

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Conventional radiotherapy combined with carbogen breathing and nicotinamide for malignant gliomas

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Reirradiation of primary brain tumours: survival, clinical response and prognostic factors.

Item does not contain fulltextBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: First, the aim was to determine the survival and quality of life after reirradiation of relapsing primary malignant brain tumours. The second aim was to assess the influence of a set of potentially prognostic factors on survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients received reirradiation for recurring primary brain tumours. The interval between the two consecutive treatments was at least 1 year. External beam irradiation for the initial and recurrent tumour was usually delivered with two opposing lateral fields or two wedged fields in orthogonal directions. The median physical doses of the first and second radiation course were 50 and 46 Gy, respectively. The median cumulative biological equivalent doses (BED) were 200.4 (alpha/beta = 2 Gy) and 115.2 Gy (alpha/beta = 10 Gy). During follow-up, corticosteroid medication and the WHO-performance were registered at regular intervals. The radiological response was assessed by reviewing all available CT- and MRI-films. Potentially prognostic factors with respect to survival were evaluated by both univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: A clinical response (i.e. clinical improvement) was seen in 24% of the patients. Of the evaluable patients, nearly one-third showed a complete (8%) or partial (22%) radiological response. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after retreatment were 10.9 and 8.6 months, respectively. By multivariate analysis, four independent prognostic factors for survival were identified: (1), the WHO-score before retreatment (P = 0.002); (2), the length of the interval between treatments (P = 0.008); (3), the tumour histology; and (4), the response to initial treatment (P values, 0.04). The median survival times for patients with WHO-scores of 0-1 and > or = 2 were 14.0 and 7.4 months, respectively. Patients with oligodendrogliomas had a median OS of 27.5 months, whereas patients with astrocytomas had a median OS of 6.9 months after retreatment. Long-term complications of retreatment were seen in three patients, all of whom had a cumulative BED(2) of > 204 Gy (with alpha/beta = 2 Gy). The quality of life after retreatment, however, was well preserved in the majority of patients. They remained ambulant and capable of self-care until the time of progression which occurred after 8.6 months (median PFS). CONCLUSIONS: After an initial treatment with radiation up to tolerance levels of normal brain tissue, reirradiation of recurring primary brain tumours seems feasible. During the time until clinical progression, patients remained independent with a reasonable quality of life