Patogenisitas Cendawan Entomopatogen Beauveria Bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) Pada Berbagai Stadia Kepik Hijau (Nezara Viridula L.)

Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana Bals. Vuill. (Deuteromycotina:Hyphomycetes) on various stages of eggs and nymphs of the green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) . The green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) is one of the important soybean pod-sucking bug besides brown stink bug (Riptortus linearis) and green stink bug (Piezodorus hybneri). Up to now, pest control mostlyrely on the chemical insecticides, The objectiveof this experiment was to study the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassianaon various stages of eggs and nymphs of the green stink bug. Experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Entomology, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) Malang, from January to June 2011. The treatments consists of various eggs and nymphs stages of green stink bug. The results showed that B. bassiana was able to infect the eggs green stink bug both of the newly laid and the six days old eggs. As a results of this infection, 96% eggs did not hatched. The younger of eggs, the more susceptible to B. bassiana. The infected egg prolonged hatching periods to three days. B. bassianawas also toxic to all stages of the green stink bug, especially to the first and second instarswith mortality rate of 69-96%. The nymph of third, fourth, ad fifth instar and adult stage were more tolerant to the B. bassiana infection. This study suggest that one way to control green stink bug be the use of entomopathogen B. bassiana againts their ggs or younginstar

Murabahah Produk Unggulan Bank Syariah Konsep, Prosedur, Penetapan Margin dan Penerapan pada Perbankan Syariah

Islamic financial institutions both Islamic finance company and Islamic banks in general have used murabaha financing as the maqin model. Practice on the Islamic bank in Indonesia, murabaha financing portfolio reached 70‐80%, this condition not only in Indonesia, but also occurs in Islamic banks in the word, such as in Malaysia n Pakistan. Based on the condition and reason for the practice af murabahah in Islamic banks then there is kind of oublic cristicism or judgment against the practice of Islamic banks are not much different from conditional banks (bank used interest). From the results of research conducted by Bank Indonesia showed that Islamic banking taking greater advantage compared with conventional banks. This article aims to provide a description and reveal the murabaha financing in Islamic financial institution which include; how does the concept, how is the procedure and how the determination profit margin

Efikasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium Lecanii Terhadap Bemisia Tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Pada Kedelai

Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium lecanii to Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Soybean. Bemisia tabaci is one of the most important pests on soybean, because in addition to direct damage also as vectors of viruses and stimulated the growth of sooty mold. The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium lecanii to control B. tabaci carried out at Muneng field research station of Probolinggo in June until September 2012. Research using a split plot design, the main plot is two soybean varieties, namely Argomulyo and Wilis. Subplot is the time application of fungi L. lecanii with conidia densities of 107 and 109/ml. The results showed that Argomulyo more preferred by B. tabaci compared Wilis variety. Nine times application of L. lecanii using 107/ml conidia densities were applied every week the started on 14-70 days after planting (DAP) was able to suppress of B. tabaci in the field. However, planting Wilis varieties with nine times application of L. lecanii using conidia densities 109/ml were recommended. Controlling of B. tabaci on Argomulyo variety use L. lecanii or lamda sihalotrin showed no significantly due to the result seed weight is lower than compare with Wilis untreated. Application of L. lecanii use with the highest conidia densities (109/ml), no negative effect to the survival on survival of various predators; i.e. Coccinella sp., Oxyopes sp. and Paederus sp. Therefore, L. lecanii most likely to be used as an effective biopesticide agent to control of B. tabaci and as substitute to chemical insecticides

Karakterisasi Fisiologi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium Lecanii sebagai Calon Bahan Aktif Bioinsektisida untuk Pengendalian Telur Kepik Coklat (Riptortus Linearis) pada Kedelai

The aimof the research was to determine the physiological charactersof various L. lecanii isolates as active materials ofbioinsecticide to control pod sucking bug Riptortus linearisegg on soybean. Thirty seven (37) of L. lecanii isolates werecollected from four locations of soybean plantation inIndonesia. This study obtained four virulent isolates that werepotential as active ingredient of bioinsecticide i.e. Ll-JTM11,Ll-JTM12, Ll-JTM15, and Ll-TB2. Virulent isolates wereobtained from insect cadaver isolation in the field, while lessvirulent isolates were gained from soil. Physiologicalcharacters of potential isolates were fast colonization rate ofthe egg, thick and wholly, high sporulation with large conidialsize, high germination rate after 12 hours incubated in thewater, up to 95% germ tubes were formed. Clustering ofisolates based on the physiology character can determine thefungus virulence, while the grouping based on the source orhost location can not select fungal virulence. The virulentisolates had similarity in physiological characters equal to98%. Therefore, four potential isolates could be used asbiological agents in integrated pest mangement program(IPM), especially pod sucking bug R. linearis on soybean

Perbandingan Metode Aplikasi Jamur Entomopatogen Beauveria Bassiana Untuk Pengendalian Cylas Formicarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Comparing application methods of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to control Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Cylas formicarius is a major pest of sweet potatoes. The tuber damage caused by C. formicarius reaches 100%. The research objective was to compare application methods of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana to control C. formicarius. The research was conducted at the entomology screen house of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) at Malang, East Java, from January to September 2013. The treatment consisted of 12 application methods, each was repeated three times. The results showed that application of B. bassiana into the planting pit, soaking the sweet potato cuttings into the conidial suspension of B. bassiana for 30 minutes before planting, followed by spray application with two week interval (2 to 12 weeks after planting, WAP) or P4 was effective in suppressing C. formicarius population and tuber damage. Tuber weight obtained from P4 treatment was 1.4 kg plant-1, while from the chemical insecticide was only 1.1 kg plant-1. Tuber damage from P4 treatment was lower ( 5%) than that from chemical insecticide treatment (42%). Therefore, application of B. bassiana conidial suspension in the planting pit, continued by soaking the sweet potato cuttinginto the B. bassiana conidial suspension for 30 minutes before planting, and followed by spray applications of B. bassiana conidial suspension at two-week intervals ( 2-12 WAP) or P4 method can be recommended to control C. formicarius

Viabilitas Dan Infektivitas Formulasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium Lecanii Sebagai Biopestisida Pengendalian Telur Kepik Coklat Riptortus Linearis

Lecanicillium lecanii fungi is an effective entomopathogenic fungus to control soybean pod sucking bug. The fungi is able to parasitize spore of pathogens that cause major diseases of soybean, such as rust, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. The study was aimed to determine the 12 formulations that can maintain spore viability and infectivity for 12 months. The formulations used talk, kaolin, sweet potato flour, cassava flour, rice flour, corn flour, soybean flour, mungbean flour, peanut flour, potato flour, molasses, peanut oil, and soybean oil based medium. Each medium was sterilized and mixed individually with conidia suspension of L. lecanii to form powder formulations that contained 107 conidia/ml. The spore viability and infectivity were tested after storing the formulations for twelve months. The result showed that viability and infectivity of spores in the formulation was lower with the longer period of storage. Viability of conidia in the formulation decreased to the lowest 20% after 12 months storage, especially that in peanut powder formulation. The spore viability in the cassava flour formulation was the highest (95%). Infectivity of the L. lecanii formulation using cassava flour to inhibit egg hatching of brown stink bug was 60% after 12 months storage. The viability and infectivity of L. lecanii spores in powder formulation was better than those in liquid formulations

Integration of Botanical Pesticide and Entomopathogenic Fungi to Control the Brown Stink Bug Riptortus Linearis F. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in Soybean

Integration of botanical pesticide and entomopathogenic fungi to control the brown stink bug Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Alydidae) in soybean. The efficacy of botanical pesticides i.e. Annona squamosa seed powder (ASP) or Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) integrated with entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium lecanii to control brown stink bug, Riptortus linearis F. was studied at Muneng Research Station, the Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) in June up to September 2011. The purpose of the research was to determine the efficacy of integration the natural pesticides i.e, A. squamosa seed powder (ASP) and Jatropha curcas seed powder (JSP) and entomopathogenic fungi L. lecanii to control brown stink bug. The treatments were application of (1) ASP 50 g/l, (2) JSP 50 g/l, (3) ASP 50 g/l + L. lecanii 107/ml, (4) JSP 50 g/l + L. lecanii 107/ml, (5) L. lecanii 107/ml, (6) deltametrin and (7) control (untreated). Application of ASP and JSP combined with L. lecanii decreased the hatched eggs by 84% and 82%, respectively. However, reduction of hactched egg from a single application of ASP and JSP were 56-61% . ASP and JSP combined with L. lecanii reduced both nymphs and adult stink bug population built up and damage (empty pod). Application of ASP and JSP in combination with L. lecanii did not affects the survival of generalist predators such as Paederus sp., Oxyopes sp. and Coccinella sp. as opposed to chemical insecticide that did. The integration of ASP or JSP with entomopthogenic fungi L. lecanii was able to increase the efficacy of brown stink bug control