Diversity and Distribution of Raptors at Gunung Halimun National Park with Particular Reference to Javan Hawk- Eagle

Although the role of raptors as the top predators in the food chain is important to maintain the balance of an ecosystem, in Indonesia they have rarely been studied.This paper presents the most comprehensive study on the diversity and distribution of raptors with emphasize on Javan Hawk-eagle at Gunung Halimun National Park, the largest remnant forest in Java.The raptor study has been done by field surveys,long watches at selected observation sites and collecting information from previous reports.The results showed that there are 17 raptor species recorded in the area.Furthermore, the Crested Serpent eagle (Spilornis cheelo),Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malayensis), and Javan Hawk-eagle {Spizaetus bartelsi) were recorded in many locations.However,the Black-winged Kite {Elanus caeruleus), Brahminy Kite (Haliastur Indus), Lesser Fish-eagle (Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus),Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis) and the White-bellied sea-eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster) were observed only in one location. In addition, the Javan Hawk-eagle was recorded at 14 locations namely G. Halimun Utara, G. Buligir Putih, Pasir Cangkuang, G. Malang, West Halimun, G. Bodas, G. Tumpeng, G. Citimur, G. Bengreng, G. Batu, Cadas Mahpar, G. Kempul, G. Kendeng and G. Botol.The number of observed Javan Hawk-eagle individuals at G. Botol was higher than in other locations

Pengaruh Pemberian Bui Phaseolus Lunatus Dalam Ransum Terhadap Konsumsi Pakan Dan Pertambahan Bobot Badan Ayam Kampung

DARJONO & DEWI MALIA PRAWIRADILAGA 1987. Effect of level of Phaseolus lunatus seeds in the native chicken ration on feed consumption, and body weight gain Suppl. Berita Biologi 3 :61 -65. The experiment was aimed to obtain a basic guide of the amount of P., lunatus in chicken ration during growing period. Observation using 25 cockerels and 25 pullers, was based on Completely Randomized Design. The treatment consisted of level of P. lunatus in the ration, namely RK (as control ration), RI, RII, RIII, and RIV, containing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% respectively. Data was analyzed using Analysis of Variant, and the difference was tested by Honestly Significant Different Test. The results showed that the level of P. lunatus up to 20% had no significant effect (P > 0,05), on feed consumption and body weight gain during growing period. The highest feed efficiency for the cockerels was RI (0,0593) followed by RK (0,0559), RIII (0,0506), RIV (0,0478), and RII (0,0350) respectively; whereas for the pullets was RII (0,0267) followed by RK (0,0262), RI (0,0225), RIII (0,0220), and RIV (0,0102) respectively

Monitoring the Bird Community at G. Kendeng-gunung Halimun National Park*[pemantauan Komunitas Burung Di G. Kendeng-taman Nasional Halimun]

Untuk mengetahui dinamika komunitas burung di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun dilakukan pemantauan setiap bulan mulai bulan Januari 2000 sampai Desember 2001.Pemantauan dilakukan di kaki G. Kendeng menggunakan metode tangkap lepas dengan jaring kabut yang dipasang di atas tanah dan pada tajuk pohon. Dalam makalah ini disampaikan hasil pengamatan dari periode kedua yang dilakukan mulai Januari sampai Desember 2001.Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa keragaman jenis burung di tajuk pohon (26 jenis) hampir sama dengan pada permukaan tanah (25 jenis). Sedangkan 12 jenis tercatat dapat dijumpai di tajuk pohon dan pada permukaan tanah.Burung yang sangat umum dijumpai adalah Cinclidium diana dan Ficedula dumetoria diikuti Arachnothera longirostra.Burung yang sangat jarang dijumpai adalah Accipiter trivirgatus Macropygia unchall, Batrachostomus cornutus, Lacedo pulcheila, Iole virescens,Enicurus leschenaulti, Tesia superciliaris, Phylloscopus trivirgatus, Abroscopus superciliaris, Seicercus grammiceps, Muscicapa daurica,Muscicapaferruginea, Arachnothera ajfinis, Anthreptes singalensis, Zosterops montanus dan Lophozoplerops javanicus

Persistence of lowland rainforest birds in a recently logged area in central Java

In 2001 and 2002, we assessed avian richness in Linggoasri (central Java) where almost all lowland rainforest had been cleared 3 years previously. Bird surveys were carried out in a selectively-logged forest, two regenerating forests and one pine Pinus merkusii plantation. A comparison with a bird list complied at least 3 years prior to logging in Linggoasri showed that 10 lowland bird species may have been extirpated from this area following logging. However, further surveys will be needed to validate these extirpations. A comparison with a list of lowland forest birds of Java shows that only 37% of these occurred in Linggoasri. From the lowland avifauna of Java, sole frugivores and insectivores were less likely to be present in Linggoasri. Smaller, generalist-feeding lowland species, endemic to Java, were more likely to be present in this area. Persisting lowland bird species, however, did not appear to be seriously affected physiologically by habitat degradation, showing no significant loss of body condition or reduction in survival and reproduction. There is an urgent need to preserve the few remaining lowland forest patches of Java and, given the alarming rate of deforestation throughout Southeast Asia, it is critical to conserve adequately large primary lowland forests (e.g. >5,000 ha) if we are to preserve existing lowland avifauna.Navjot S. Sodhi, Malcolm C. K. Soh, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Darjono And Barry W. Broo

A new species of Muscicapa flycatcher from Sulawesi, Indonesia

The Indonesian island of Sulawesi, a globally important hotspot of avian endemism, has been relatively poorly studied ornithologically, to the extent that several new bird species from the region have been described to science only recently, and others have been observed and photographed, but never before collected or named to science. One of these is a new species of Muscicapa flycatcher that has been observed on several occasions since 1997. We collected two specimens in Central Sulawesi in 2012, and based on a combination of morphological, vocal and genetic characters, we describe the new species herein, more than 15 years after the first observations. The new species is superficially similar to the highly migratory, boreal-breeding Gray-streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa griseisticta, which winters in Sulawesi; however, the new species differs strongly from M. griseisticta in several morphological characters, song, and mtDNA. Based on mtDNA, the new species is only distantly related to M. griseisticta, instead being a member of the M. dauurica clade. The new species is evidently widely distributed in lowland and submontane forest throughout Sulawesi. This wide distribution coupled with the species' apparent tolerance of disturbed habitats suggests it is not currently threatened with extinction.J. Berton C. Harris, Pamela C. Rasmussen, Ding Li Yong, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Dadang Dwi Putra, Philip D. Round, Frank E. Rheind

A New Species of Muscicapa Flycatcher from Sulawesi, Indonesia

The Indonesian island of Sulawesi, a globally important hotspot of avian endemism, has been relatively poorly studied ornithologically, to the extent that several new bird species from the region have been described to science only recently, and others have been observed and photographed, but never before collected or named to science. One of these is a new species of Muscicapa flycatcher that has been observed on several occasions since 1997. We collected two specimens in Central Sulawesi in 2012, and based on a combination of morphological, vocal and genetic characters, we describe the new species herein, more than 15 years after the first observations. The new species is superficially similar to the highly migratory, boreal-breeding Gray-streaked Flycatcher Muscicapa griseisticta, which winters in Sulawesi; however, the new species differs strongly from M. griseisticta in several morphological characters, song, and mtDNA. Based on mtDNA, the new species is only distantly related to M. griseisticta, instead being a member of the M. dauurica clade. The new species is evidently widely distributed in lowland and submontane forest throughout Sulawesi. This wide distribution coupled with the species' apparent tolerance of disturbed habitats suggests it is not currently threatened with extinction.This project was funded by the National Geographic Society (NGS CRE 8919-11; granted to PCR), the Loke Wan Tho Memorial Foundation (granted to DLY), and an EIPR scholarship at the University of Adelaide (granted to JBCH). Labwork for this project was co-funded by a National University of Singapore Faculty of Science start-up grant to FER (WBS R-154-000-570-133). We thank RISTEK for issuing the national research permits (for 2011, 0215/SIP/FRP/VI/2011; for 2012, 183/SIP/FRP/SM/VI/2012) and Lore Lindu National Park for permit letters. The Research Centre for Biology-LIPI supported DMP and DDP in their field research and provided facilities for laboratory analysis. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Rapid Assessment on Biodiversity in Logged Forest of Tesso Nilo, Riau Province, Sumatra

Tesso Nilo area which is located at Riau province covers an area of 188.00 ha. Recently, it is famous because of asharply increased in encroachment activities for forest conversion, especially for oil palm plantations and villagesites. It was conducted in logged forest around Segati river, Toro river, Mamahan river and Sawan river in June2003. The results showed that the area had the high richness of plant species which was indicated by the high valueof Mennhenick index. Records from the 1 ha studied plot identified a total of 360 species included 165 genera and57 families with 215 tree species 305 sapling species. Some important tree species which were included in the RedList of IUCN were ‘gaharu’ (Aquilaria malaccensis), ‘ramin’ (Gonystylus bancanus), Shorea spp. and Dipterocarpusspp. The local community utilized 83 species of medicinal plants and 4 species of toxic plants for fishing. The totalnumber of recorded bird species was 114 species represented 29% of the total Sumatran bird species. The mostimportant bird species were the Wrinkled Hornbill (Aceros corrugatus), Crestless Fireback (Lophuraerythrophthalma), Crested Fireback (Lophura ignita) and Hooked-billed Bulbul (Setornis criniger). The total numberof recorded mammal species was 34 species or 16.5% of 206 species of Sumatran mammals. The most importantmammal species included Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximussumatrensis), the Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) and three species of primates: Hylobates agilis, Presbytis femoralisand Macaca nemestrina. The herpetofauna contained 15 reptile species and 18 amphibian species. The mostimportant herpetofauna was the endangered False Gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii) and the vulnerable Common Softshelledturtle (Amyda cartilaginea). The number of recorded fish species was 50 represented 18% of the totalSumatran fish species (272 species). The important fish species were Breinsteinea sp. and Chaca bankanensis whichwere unique and rare. Since insects are the largest group of animal, this study only focused on beetles. Theidentified beetles were classified into 644 species and 34 families. The important beetles were the Longhorn beetles(Cerambycidae) and the Scarab beetles (Scarabaeidae).The small mammal parasites consisted of ectoparasites whichwere categorized into 14 species and endoparasites which were categorized into 2 orders and 3 species