Defining periodontology in era’s

It has been very nicely quoted by Ambroise Paré that ‘’There are five duties of surgery: to remove what is superfluous, to restore what has been dislocated, to separate what has grown together, to reunite what has been divided, and to redress the defects of nature.1 Ambroise pare in the year 1537 gave rise to a revolution in surgical techniques in the medical field. Defining surgery at the 21st century has been only possible by his constant dedication and hard work. Surgery has been defined as the act and art of treating diseases or injuries by manual operation. If this broad definition is used, nearly all periodontal treatment, from hard or soft tissue curettage through osseous surgical procedures, falls under the heading of "periodontal surgery". In basic term "periodontal surgery" is specified only till surgical manipulations of periodontal soft tissues and bone and not carrying out debridement and root planning.

Assessment of commercially available bone graft material in the implant placed socket to enhance the osteointegration

Background: Alveolar bone resorption occurs in the majority of patients following teeth extraction. The present study was conducted to assess commercially available bone graft material in the implant placed socket to enhance the osteointegration. Materials & Methods: The present study comprised of 64 patients of both genders. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) was prepared according to Sacco’s protocol, using the patients’ own venous blood. Extraction of mandibular first molars was carried out and implants were immediately placed with CGF grafting. A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was taken immediately after implant placement and after six months of undisturbed healing to assess the quantity and quality of new bone formed around implants. Results: Out of 64 patients, males were 40 and females were 24. The mean bone height was on buccal side immediately was 9.04 and after 6 months was 11.3, on lingual side immediately was 10.6 and after 6 months was 11.8, on distal side immediately was 8.3 and after 6 months was 11.0, on mesial side immediately was 7.5 and after 6 months was 11.2. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).&nbsp

Survival and complications of single dental implants in the edentulous mandible following immediate or delayed loading: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Introduction: The lifespan of an edentulous mandible with one median implant to hold a full denture for 24 months was evaluated to see if the early loading had any impact on it. Single-implant denture retention for the mandibular region was proposed by “Cordioli et al. in the 1990s. Objectives: Whether rapid loading and placement of a “single median implant” may result in the implant survival rate comparable to rehabilitation with a single implant and second-stage surgery. Methods: It was found that 81 of the 158 implant recipients had quick loading, whereas the rest had delayed loading (77 patients). Patients in the context of “delayed loading group” had follow-up appointments at 1 month, 4 months, 12 months, and 24 months. In addition, the nine implants failed in the 3 months after loading in a quick loading group, while just one implant failed before loading. Median implant survival at 2 years was the study's main goal. Direct loading had a 7% fatality rate advantage over traditional loading because of the alleged advantages of immediate loading, including the avoidance of second-stage surgery. Prosthetic problems were evaluated using Fisher's exact test. Results: A higher rate of implant survival was not seen when implants were loaded more quickly (P = 0.81). A statistically significant difference (P = 0.019) was seen in implant survival between the therapy groups. Conclusion: Single implant loading in an edentulous mandible has a worse survival rate than delayed loading, according to all available research

Role of intravascular methylprednisolone in surgical impaction: An original research

Introduction: Mandibular impacted third molar surgical extraction may cause pain, trismus and swelling. Hence in this study we aim to evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone injection into the muscles on pain edema and trismus post third molar impaction. Material and Methods: We injected methylprednisolone acetate into the masseter muscle via the intrabuccal approach, one hour before the surgery and immediately after suturing of the surgical wound, among the 100 subjects divided to two groups as case and controls, we evaluated postoperative pain, trismus and swelling. The numeric pain scale (NPS) was used for pain assessment. Results: we observed that superior results in preoperative group for mouth opening, pain and all the facial swelling parameters, they were also statistically significant differences than when the postoperatively administered methylprednisolone acetate. Conclusions: Preoperative administration of the methylprednisolone is more effective in reducing pain, trismus and swelling, when compared to that administered postoperatively

Effect of silver nanoparticle on properties of maxillofacial silicone elastomer material: An original research

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of silver nanoparticle incorporation into maxillofacial silicone material on its hardness tear strength and color stability. Methodology: A total of 90 silicone specimens were fabricated. The control samples were fabricated with- out silver nanoparticles and test samples were fabricated with 20 ppm concentration of silver nanoparticles. Digital shore A hardness tests was used to measure hardness, for tear strength the specimen was placed in the jaws of the universal testing machine and stretched at a rate of 500 ram/rain, for color stability Spectrophotometer had been employed. The independent sample’s “t” test was used to test significant differences. Results: The mean difference for hardness between control and test group was 0.54 and t value was 2.08 and ( p < 0.05).tear strength 0.66 and “t”value was 0.93 and ( p < 0.05) and for color stability it was -0.02 and t value was -0.92 and ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study findings suggest that addition of silver nanoparticles at 20 ppm concentration decreased the hardness of silicone elastomer, and it did not affect tear strength and color stability

An Update on Emergent Nano-Therapeutic Strategies against Pediatric Brain Tumors

Pediatric brain tumors are the major cause of pediatric cancer mortality. They comprise a diverse group of tumors with different developmental origins, genetic profiles, therapeutic options, and outcomes. Despite many technological advancements, the treatment of pediatric brain cancers has remained a challenge. Treatment options for pediatric brain cancers have been ineffective due to non-specificity, inability to cross the blood–brain barrier, and causing off-target side effects. In recent years, nanotechnological advancements in the medical field have proven to be effective in curing challenging cancers like brain tumors. Moreover, nanoparticles have emerged successfully, particularly in carrying larger payloads, as well as their stability, safety, and efficacy monitoring. In the present review, we will emphasize pediatric brain cancers, barriers to treating these cancers, and novel treatment options