A Comparative Study of Portfolio Optimization Methods for the Indian Stock Market

This chapter presents a comparative study of the three portfolio optimization methods, MVP, HRP, and HERC, on the Indian stock market, particularly focusing on the stocks chosen from 15 sectors listed on the National Stock Exchange of India. The top stocks of each cluster are identified based on their free-float market capitalization from the report of the NSE published on July 1, 2022 (NSE Website). For each sector, three portfolios are designed on stock prices from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2022, following three portfolio optimization approaches. The portfolios are tested over the period from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. For the evaluation of the performances of the portfolios, three metrics are used. These three metrics are cumulative returns, annual volatilities, and Sharpe ratios. For each sector, the portfolios that yield the highest cumulative return, the lowest volatility, and the maximum Sharpe Ratio over the training and the test periods are identified.Comment: This is the draft version of the chapter that has been accepted for publication in the edited volume titled "Data Science: Theory and Practice". The volume is edited by Jaydip Sen and Sayantani Roy Choudury and will be published by IntechOpen, London, UK. The chapter is 74 pages long and it contains 32 tables and 62 figure

Kapsule s asimetričnom membranom za osmotsku isporuku flurbiprofena

An asymmetric membrane capsule of cellulose acetate for osmotic delivery of flurbiprofen has been developed and influence of osmogents and solubilizing agent on in vitro drug release were evaluated. The capsule membrane was prepared by the phase inversion technique. To ensure the osmotic delivery of drug, two approaches were adopted: (i) the drug was encapsulated with osmogents like sodium chloride and mannitol to increase the osmotic pressure of the core, and (ii) the drug was encapsulated with sodium lauryl sulfate in the core of the formulation to increase the solubility and thus its osmotic pressure. Scanning electron microscopy of the membrane confirmed its porous, dense asymmetric nature. Dye test revealed in situ pore formation. The in vitro release study showed that as the proportion of osmogent and solubilizing agent was increased the release rate also increased. A good correlation was observed between the zero-order rate constant and the amount of the osmogent and solubilizing agent used.U radu je opisan razvoj kapsula s asimetričnom membranom od celuloznog acetata za osmotsku isporuku flurbiprofena. Proučavan je utjecaj osmotski-aktivnih tvari i tvari za povećanje topljivosti na oslobađanje ljekovite tvari in vitro. Membrane kapsula pripravljene su metodom inverzne faze. Osmotska isporuka je osigurana na dva načina. Ljekovita je tvar kapsulirana s: i) osmotski-aktivnim tvarima poput natrijeva klorida i manitola, koji su povećali osmotski tlak jezgre, ii) natrijevim lauril-sulfatom, koji je povećao topljivost te ujedno i osmotski tlak. Pretražna elektronska mikroskopija ukazuje na poroznu membranu asimetrične gustoće, a test boje na stvaranje pora in situ. In vitro pokusi su pokazali da oslobađanje ljekovite tvari iz kapsula raste s povećanjem količine osmotski-aktivnih tvari i tvari za povećanje topljivosti te da postoji dobra korelacija između upotrijebljene količine tih tvari i konstante oslobađanja nultog reda

Morphological characterisation of rice accessions of semi deep water ecology

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the magnitude and nature of genetic variability of 569 rice germplasm accessions with semi deep water ecology, commonly known as asra, at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Karimganj, Assam Agricultural University, Assam (India). These accessions were recognised as having flood tolerant characteristics. The first five principal components explained approximately 76.71% of the total variation.Principal component analysis revealed that traits such as number of panicles per hill, spikelet fertility, days to 50% flowering, number of chaffs per panicle, and plant height were the principal discriminatory quantitative traits. It is recommended that the genetic variation prevailing in the assessed asra rice germplasm accessions can be efficiently utilised for the enhancement of the genetic gain. The divergent extreme phenotypes in the accession can also be utilised to develop the mapping population for the identification of quantitative trait loci for flood tolerance. The rice accessions were grouped into three different clusters for both quantitative and qualitative traits. The hybridization among the selected germplasm of different clusters is expected to produce the maximum number of transgressive segregants. This will lead to area expansion with higher productivity of this crop in predominantly flood prone areas

Strategies to control invasion of Sailfin Armoured Catfish, Pterygoplichthys spp. in wastewater-fed aquaculture bheries of East Kolkata Wetland, India with suggestion of a modified barrier based on the biological and behavioural characteristics

Sailfin armoured catfish (Pterygoplichthys spp.), an alien invasive species of family Loricariidae has invaded extensively in wastewater-fed large aquaculture ponds (locally called ‘bheries’) of East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), West Bengal, India. As there is no viable controlling method at present, commonly these fishes are removed by different physical methods and discarded. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness and suitability of different in-practice Pterygoplichthys spp. control methods, based on on-field sampling, biological and behavioural study of the fish and also response analysis of the stakeholder’s of EKW. The results indicate that in-practice eradication efforts, like ‘repeated seine netting’ with or without removal of Eichhornia sheath of the pond periphery and ‘dewatering of pond’ aiming to reduce or eradicate Pterygoplichthys spp., are not fully effective, because of the capture avoidance ability and burrowing habit of these fishes. We found deep and branching burrows of Pterygoplichthys spp. in aquaculture ponds of EKW, with maximum burrow depth of 58 cm, and water in that burrows even after 12 days of dewatering. Hence, it is suggested stakeholders to keep dewatered pond exposed to sunlight for at least four weeks or above to ensure complete water-out from the burrows in which Pterygoplichthys spp. take shelter or lay their eggs. ‘Multilayer bamboo fencing’ or ‘combination of bamboo fencing and net barrier’ use by the stakeholders of EKW to prevent intrusion or re-intrusion of Pterygoplichthys spp. were found only partially effective, because of the capability of these fishes to damage net-blocking through their hard dorsal and pectoral spines or entry through the holes dug across the barrier in beneath or banks of the sewage intake channel. Based on learning on the biological and behavioural characteristics of Pterygoplichthys spp., we then suggested a modified version of barrier to the stakeholder’s of EKW, incorporating a sewage feeder pipeline, a concrete collection chamber with size separation arrangement made of hard materials like wire mesh and a dam of specific dimensions across the channel, for effective prevention of intrusion of these fishes in their aquaculture bheries

Povećanje oslobađanja gliklazida iz smjesa dobivenih geometrijskim miješanjem

The poorly water soluble antidiabetic drug gliclazide was selected to study the effect of excipients on dissolution rate enhancement. Ordered mixtures of micronized gliclazide with lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, maltitol and sodium chloride were prepared by manual shaking of glass vials containing the drug and excipient(s). Different water soluble excipients, addition of surfactant and superdisintegrant, drug concentration and carrier particle size influenced the dissolution rate of the drug. Dissolution rate studies of the prepared ordered mixtures revealed an increase in drug dissolution with all water soluble excipients. The order of dissolution rate improvement for gliclazide was mannitol > lactose > maltitol > sorbitol > sodium chloride. Composite granules of the particle size range 355-710 µm were superior in increasing the drug dissolution rate from ordered mixtures. Reducing the carrier particle size decreased the dissolution rate of the drug, as well as the increase in drug concentration. Kinetic modeling of drug release data fitted best the Hixson-Crowell model, which indicates that all the ordered mixture formulations followed the cube root law fairly well.Teško topljivi antidijabetik gliklazid izabran je za proučavanje utjecaja pomoćnih tvari na povećanje oslobađanja. Homogene smjese mikroniziranog gliklazida s laktozom, manitolom, sorbitolom, maltitolom i natrijevim kloridom pripravljene su ručnim tresenjem staklenih bočica s lijekom i pomoćnom tvari/tvarima. Na oslobađanje lijeka utjecali su vrsta vodotopljivog ekscipijensa, dodatak surfaktanta i superdezintegratora, udio lijeka i veličina čestica punila. Sve vodotopljive pomoćne tvari povećavale su oslobađanje ljekovite tvari i to sljedećim redom: manitol > laktoza > maltitol > sorbitol > natrijev klorid. Najbolje oslobađanje lijeka bilo je iz kompozitnih granula veličine 355 do 710 µm. Iz smjesa s manjom veličinom čestica punila i većim udjelom lijeka oslobađanje lijeka bilo je manje. Kinetičko modeliranje oslobađanja najbolje je odgovaralo Hixson-Crowellovom modelu, što ukazuje na to da sve formulacije prilično dobro slijede zakon trećeg korijena

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Preliminary Physicochemical screening of bioactive based nanocarrier system

The roles of oxidative stress (OS) in neurodegenerative diseases, the manipulation of ROS levels may represent a treatment option to slow down neurodegeneration and alleviate associated symptoms. Many compounds with antioxidant properties have been examined for their potential to attenuate neurodegenerative symptoms. The drawbacks of oral administration of antioxidants are limited entry across the blood–brain barrier. Most molecules suffer from problems of solubility, bioavailability or the ability to cross the blood brain barrier and hence nanomedicine needs to be explored. The excipient components (Carrier oil, surfactant and co-surfactant) were selected on the basis of their miscibility in alpha-pinene. The miscibility of the drug was assessed in 25 carrier oil, 5 surfactant and 6 Co-surfactant. Total 250 self-nanoemulsifying nanoformulations (SENF) compositions were prepared from the selected excipients and were preliminary screened on the basis of the number of flask inversion, emulsification time and stability up to 72 hours. Three SNEDDS formulation compositions finally selected for the development and optimization for excipient concentration as these combinations was found to possessed no. of flask inversion and emulsification time. Keywords: Self-nanoemulsifying nanoformulations, Bioavailability, Alpha-pinene, oxidative stress, blood–brain barrie

Morphological characterisation of rice accessions of semi deep water ecology

7-16The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the magnitude and nature of genetic variability of 569 rice germplasm accessions with semi deep water ecology, commonly known as asra, at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Karimganj, Assam Agricultural University, Assam (India). These accessions were recognised as having flood tolerant characteristics. The first five principal components explained approximately 76.71% of the total variation. Principal component analysis revealed that traits such as number of panicles per hill, spikelet fertility, days to 50% flowering, number of chaffs per panicle, and plant height were the principal discriminatory quantitative traits. It is recommended that the genetic variation prevailing in the assessed asra rice germplasm accessions can be efficiently utilised for the enhancement of the genetic gain. The divergent extreme phenotypes in the accession can also be utilised to develop the mapping population for the identification of quantitative trait loci for flood tolerance. The rice accessions were grouped into three different clusters for both quantitative and qualitative traits. The hybridization among the selected germplasm of different clusters is expected to produce the maximum number of transgressive segregants. This will lead to area expansion with higher productivity of this crop in predominantly flood prone areas