Perception of understanding COVID-19 among doctors at Patan Hospital, Nepal

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and presents with fever, dry cough, fatigue, myalgia, and dyspnea. This study aims to is find out the understanding of COVID-19 among doctors at Patan Hospital. Method: A cross sectional was conducted among doctors at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. The questionnaire in Google form consisted, part1 perception on COVID-19 and part2 understanding using multiple choice questions corresponding to the one to fifteen questionnaire in part1. Ethnical approval was obtained. Result: Sixty-one doctors participated in the study, of which 65.5% were directly involved in management of COVID-19. Perception and understanding regarding transmission status in country was 65.6% and 63.95% respectively, about case definition 90.1% and 62.2%, about when to do diagnostic tests 75.4% and 90.2%. Conclusion: There was difference in perception and understanding regarding COVID-19 among doctors, and areas to be reinforced were case definition, transmission classification, diagnostic tests. Keyword: COVID-19, doctors, perception, understandin

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Laser joining of titanium alloy to polyamide:influence of process parameters on the joint strength and quality

Laser-assisted metal–polymer joining (LAMP) is a novel assembly process for the development ofminiaturized joints in hybrid lightweight products. This work adopts a design of experiments (DoE) approach to investigate the influence of several laser welding parameters on the strength and quality of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)–polyamide (PA6.6) assembly. Significant param- eters were highlighted using the Plackett Burmann design, and process window was outlined using the Response Surface Method (RSM). A statistically reliable mathematical model was generated to describe the relation between highlighted welding param- eters and joint strength. The analysis ofvariance (ANOVA) method was implemented to identify significant parametric interac- tions. Results show the prominence offocal position and laser power, as well as significant interaction between laser power and beam speed, on the joint strength. The evolution ofweld defects (bubbles, excessive penetration, flashing, titaniumcoloring, weld pool cavities, and welding-induced deflection) along the process windowwas investigated using optical microscopy. The resulted deflection in titaniumwas quantified, and its relationship with welding parameters was mathematically modeled. Robust process window was outlined to maintain insignificant deflection in the welded joints. Results showed that the growth ofweld defects correlates with a decline in joint strength. Optimal parameters demonstrated a defect-free joint, maximizing joint strength