Architecture and Design of National Digital Identity Platforms

The importance of ‘National Digital Identity’ to provision public services to the citizens of a country and inclusive growth is fairly established. It is recognized as part of the UN sustainable digital goals (SDG) and various researchers have looked into the impact and relevance of such systems. Despite that not more than 5% of the countries globally are having comprehensive digital identity systems. Several such projects are facing major difficulties and implementation hurdles globally. There are cases where such projects have been abandoned. Countries such as India have implemented their national digital identity project as a platform with almost complete population coverage and most public services linked to it. This research analyses the architecture and design of such a digital identity platform through the lens of architectural leverage and generativity using the design science and General Morphological Analysis (GMA) approach. The learning’s are relevant for policy makers and technology designers to incorporate in their national digital identity initiatives

Precision Vegetable Farming Technologies: An Update

The efficiency of precision vegetable farming cannot deny in the current of climate change. As compared to west adoption of reliability precision agriculture approaches in developing world is a gradual procedure. The small scale of farms limits economic benefits from currently accessible precision farming technologies. Nevertheless, horticulture interventions like geographical positioning system (GPS), geographical information system (GIS), artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, sensor technologies, etc., are being utilized for precision vegetable farming to improve production and quality of vegetables. This retains excellent promise for developing vegetable crops within the present farming scenario when climate change makes the whole rethink agriculture practices. Overall, this chapter will provide useful information about precision vegetable farming technologies for vegetable growers, enthusiasts, farmers, and researchers

Frontiers in the Solicitation of Machine Learning Approaches in Vegetable Science Research

Along with essential nutrients and trace elements, vegetables provide raw materials for the food processing industry. Despite this, plant diseases and unfavorable weather patterns continue to threaten the delicate balance between vegetable production and consumption. It is critical to utilize machine learning (ML) in this setting because it provides context for decision-making related to breeding goals. Cutting-edge technologies for crop genome sequencing and phenotyping, combined with advances in computer science, are currently fueling a revolution in vegetable science and technology. Additionally, various ML techniques such as prediction, classification, and clustering are frequently used to forecast vegetable crop production in the field. In the vegetable seed industry, machine learning algorithms are used to assess seed quality before germination and have the potential to improve vegetable production with desired features significantly; whereas, in plant disease detection and management, the ML approaches can improve decision-support systems that assist in converting massive amounts of data into valuable recommendations. On similar lines, in vegetable breeding, ML approaches are helpful in predicting treatment results, such as what will happen if a gene is silenced. Furthermore, ML approaches can be a saviour to insufficient coverage and noisy data generated using various omics platforms. This article examines ML models in the field of vegetable sciences, which encompasses breeding, biotechnology, and genome sequencing

Effect of fungal pretreatment on Solanum nigrum L. leaves biomass aimed at the bioadsorption of heavy metals

Environmental degradation due to water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution has a detrimental effect and create ecological imbalance. These factors are also responsible for the large scale introduction of heavy metal ions into the environment. Conventional treatment methods for the removal of heavy metal ions are not so advantageous as these are highly expensive and also produces toxicant. Keeping this view in the mind, the present study was framed to determine the biosorption of heavy metal ions using Solanum nigrum L. leaf biomass alone and also with Aspergillus oryzae treated S. nigrum leaf biomass. Solanum nigrum L. leaf biomass was used as biosorbent for the biosorption of cobalt, copper, iron,lead and zinc.Unaided S. nigrum leaf biomass was the better absorbant of lead (Pb) whereas when inoculated with A. oryzae cobalt (Co) was more biosorbed than any other heavy metal. Overall, the results of the present study propose that the traditional plant S. nigrum could be used for the bioadsorption of heavy metals

Discrete-to-Continuum Limits of Long-Range Electrical Interactions in Nanostructures

We consider electrostatic interactions in two classes of nanostructures embedded in a three dimensional space: (1) helical nanotubes, and (2) thin films with uniform bending (i.e., constant mean curvature). Starting from the atomic scale with a discrete distribution of dipoles, we obtain the continuum limit of the electrostatic energy; the continuum energy depends on the geometric parameters that define the nanostructure, such as the pitch and twist of the helical nanotubes and the curvature of the thin film. We find that the limiting energy is local in nature. This can be rationalized by noticing that the decay of the dipole kernel is sufficiently fast when the lattice sums run over one and two dimensions, and is also consistent with prior work on dimension reduction of continuum micromagnetic bodies to the thin film limit. However, an interesting contrast between the discrete-to-continuum approach and the continuum dimension reduction approaches is that the limit energy in the latter depends only on the normal component of the dipole field, whereas in the discrete-to-continuum approach, both tangential and normal components of the dipole field contribute to the limit energy.Comment: 31 pages, 5 figure

Advances and Milestones of Radish Breeding: An Update

Radish is a member of the Cruciferae family. The important traits for radish breeding include high yield, early maturity, late bolting, pungency, cold-hardiness, drought resistance, heat tolerance and soil adaptability. For successful radish production, one needs to the understand nature and behaviour of the flower and very important to identify the S haplotypes of parental lines to produce F1 hybrids based on self-incompatibility to get rid of laborious hand emasculation in radish. Therefore, further breeding programmes depend on inter-specific and intra-specific hybridization, which is vital in genomic studies and crop improvement by introducing desirable agronomic characters. It is essential to acquire detailed genetic information on chromosomes and inheritance. Genomics is now at the core of radish breeding to study the underlying differences in genotypes. Moreover, researchers have produced transgenic radishes with various agronomic characteristics over the last decade

Biofortification of Wheat Landraces: Recent QTL Mapping Advances

Micronutrients play an indispensable role in human and animal growth. In the world, many people are suffering from malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency mainly due to lack of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). Several crops are grown, such as wheat, rice, maize, and legumes, to address the challenges of micronutrient deficiency. Wheat landraces are evidently proven to be a rich source of genetic variability as against modern cultivated varieties due to thousands of years of their cultivation under low input farming systems. Landraces serve as a potential reservoir of desirable allelic forms of valuable traits but are low in traits like Zn and Fe. Wheat is a major cereal consumed worldwide and could be a good source to provide these micronutrients. Biofortification in wheat can be an effective way to solve the problem of malnutrition. Biofortification in wheat varieties may be enhanced by the application of molecular breeding approaches, such as genome editing, transgenic technology, and marker-assisted selection. These biofortified wheat varieties show better adaptation to environments. In this chapter, we included the recent advances in quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in biofortified wheat and the techniques used to develop biofortified wheat varieties

Phytochemicals against COVID-19 and a gap in clinical investigations: An outlook

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has presented an unexpected pandemic that has triggered severe panic among people worldwide. In this direction, nations are maximizing their efforts to battle the disease and lower illness. Plants that produce numerous bioactive compounds might help develop and keep immunity against chronic diseases and COVID-19. Medicinal plant-based treatments are trendy in rural and tribal communities, mainly as an outcome of the increased scalability, which causes them to be cheaper and affordable compared to present-day medication. Furthermore, additional research on the antiviral possibility of healing plants shown that plant extracts with incredibly energetic secondary metabolites are competent to interrupt the replication of numerous very pathogenic viruses. But the testing and clinical trials take a very long time. This review discusses the gap in clinical studies with available phytochemicals and the possible ways to cover the same

Possible potentials responsible for stable circular relativistic orbits

Bertrand's theorem in classical mechanics of the central force fields attracts us because of its predictive power. It categorically proves that there can only be two types of forces which can produce stable, circular orbits. In the present article an attempt has been made to generalize Bertrand's theorem to the central force problem of relativistic systems. The stability criterion for potentials which can produce stable, circular orbits in the relativistic central force problem has been deduced and a general solution of it is presented in the article. It is seen that the inverse square law passes the relativistic test but the kind of force required for simple harmonic motion does not. Special relativistic effects do not allow stable, circular orbits in presence of a force which is proportional to the negative of the displacement of the particle from the potential center.Comment: 11 pages, Latex fil