Indonesians Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Distributions and Correlations with Global Diseases

In Human, Major Histocompatibility Complex known as Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA). The HLA grouped into three subclasses regions: the class I region, the class II region, and the class III region. There are thousands of polymorphic HLAs, many of them are proven to have correlations with diseases. Indonesia consists of diverse ethnicity people and populations. It carries a unique genetic diversity between one and another geographical positions. This paper aims to extract Indonesians HLA allele data, mapping the data, and correlating them with global diseases. From the study, it is found that global diseases, like Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Graves’ disease, gelatin allergy, T1D, HIV, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile chronic arthritis, and Mycobacterial disease (tuberculosis and leprosy) suspected associated with the Indonesian HLA profiles

Transcriptomic Profiling of Virus-Host Cell Interactions following Chicken Anaemia Virus (CAV) Infection in an In Vivo Model.

Chicken Anaemia Virus (CAV) is an economically important virus that targets lymphoid and erythroblastoid progenitor cells leading to immunosuppression. This study aimed to investigate the interplay between viral infection and the host's immune response to better understand the pathways that lead to CAV-induced immunosuppression. To mimic vertical transmission of CAV in the absence of maternally-derived antibody, day-old chicks were infected and their responses measured at various time-points post-infection by qRT-PCR and gene expression microarrays. The kinetics of mRNA expression levels of signature cytokines of innate and adaptive immune responses were determined by qRT-PCR. The global gene expression profiles of mock-infected (control) and CAV-infected chickens at 14 dpi were also compared using a chicken immune-related 5K microarray. Although in the thymus there was evidence of induction of an innate immune response following CAV infection, this was limited in magnitude. There was little evidence of a Th1 adaptive immune response in any lymphoid tissue, as would normally be expected in response to viral infection. Most cytokines associated with Th1, Th2 or Treg subsets were down-regulated, except IL-2, IL-13, IL-10 and IFNγ, which were all up-regulated in thymus and bone marrow. From the microarray studies, genes that exhibited significant (greater than 1.5-fold, false discovery rate <0.05) changes in expression in thymus and bone marrow on CAV infection were mainly associated with T-cell receptor signalling, immune response, transcriptional regulation, intracellular signalling and regulation of apoptosis. Expression levels of a number of adaptor proteins, such as src-like adaptor protein (SLA), a negative regulator of T-cell receptor signalling and the transcription factor Special AT-rich Binding Protein 1 (SATB1), were significantly down-regulated by CAV infection, suggesting potential roles for these genes as regulators of viral infection or cell defence. These results extend our understanding of CAV-induced immunosuppression and suggest a global immune dysregulation following CAV infection

SPARC 2021 - Against all odds : Salford postgraduate annual research conference book of abstracts

Welcome to the Book of Abstracts for the 2021 SPARC conference. Our conference is called “Against All Odds” as we celebrate the achievements of our PGRs and their supervisors, who have continued to excel despite the most challenging circumstances. For this reason, we showcase the work of our PGRs alongside the outstanding supervision that they receive, with our Doctoral School Best Supervisor awards. We also focus on developing resilience and maintaining good mental health in the research environment, supported by exceptional keynote speakers, including our very own Dr Michelle Howarth and Ruby Wax OBE, which makes this year’s conference extra special

Sosialisasi Penggunaan Media Sosial Yang Bijak Dan Aman Di SMK Sasmita Jaya 1

Sekolah merupakan salah satu sarana pencarian jati diri pelajar sehingga tak jarang pelajar yang berada pada usia remaja tersebut ingin mencoba hal-hal baru yang sedang populer yang mereka tahu dari temannya. Sekarang adalah masa dimana media sosial menjadi salah satu platform favorit untuk mendapatkan informasi yang populer dan terbaru. Fitur-fitur di media sosial semakin canggih dan menarik yang pengguna membuat sosial media nyaman menggunakan media sosial, Namun ternyata dibalik kenyamanan tersebut ternyata terdapat dampak negatif. Pemakaian media sosial dalam waktu yang berlebihan akan menimbulkan adiksi yang sulit dihilangkan. Sehingga hal tersebut menyebabkan rasa ingin tahu lebih cepat dari yang lain akan sesuatu yang sedang viral dan juga menyebabkan rasa ingin menunujukan eksistensi di media sosial terus menerus, baik itu berupa unggahan cerita ataupun membagikan orang lain. Sehingga tak jarang ada sebagian orang yang membagikan sesuatu yang seharusnya tidak untuk dibagikan ke publik. Jika dibiarkan, hal-hal tersebut tentu akan mengganggu perkembangan generasi muda kita.Dengan adanya sosialisasi penggunaan media sosial yang bijak dan aman yang dihadiri oleh siswa SMK ini diharapkan akan menambah pemahaman para peserta mengenai apa yang harus dilakukan untuk menjadi seorang pengguna media sosial yang bijak sehingga dapat memanfaatkan media sosial sebagaimana mestinya dan meminimalisir dampak negatif dari media sosial

Microscopic characterization of xenon adsorption in wedge pores

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. We explored the possibility of using xenon as a molecular probe to characterize graphitic non-uniform pores in activated carbon (AC), and studied its isotherms with a Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation. To model non-uniform pores, we used a wedge pore model, a better description of the pore space in AC, and studied the effects of the pore length, the wedge angle and the temperature on the behaviour of the adsorption and desorption isotherms. For temperatures below the triple point, the isotherm exhibits two distinct regions: in the region of low loadings it shows a step-wise behaviour as the adsorption progresses from the tip of the wedge, followed by the second region of gradual increase in the adsorbed density with pressure. A distinct feature is the possible existence of multiple hysteresis loop in the first region and the reversibility of the isotherm in the second region. The hysteresis is due to the commensurate packing of molecular layers across the pore to form domains along the axial direction of the pore and the number of layers is incremented by one as we move from one domain to the next. We have found that the hysteresis disappears when either the wedge angle is greater than a critical value or the temperature is greater than the so-called bifurcation temperature. The second region of reversibility is due to the formation of the condensate separated from the gas phase with a concave interface whose radius of curvature is found to satisfy the Kelvin equation