PENGARUH JUMLAH KOLONI BAKTERI PLAK SUBGINGIVA TERHADAP JUMLAH TOTAL LEUKOSIT SELAMA KEHAMILAN

Gingivitis can occur during pregnancy. It is caused by subgingival plaque bacterial. They can enhance because level of estrogen and progesterone are elevated during pregnancy. At patient gingivitis showed that total count of leucocyte is bigger than patients with normal periodontal tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the number of subgingival plaque bacterial colonies to total count of leucocyte in blood periphery. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from buccal surface of maxillary first molar. Hereinafter blood taken away from vein periphery and counted by total count leucocyte. The obtained data were analyzed with linear regression test. Statistical analysis showed that the influence of the number of subgingival plaque bacterial colonies to total count of leucocyte in blood periphery was found to be significant (P<0.05). The conclusion is that the number of subgingival plaque bacterial colonies can increase total count of leucocyte in blood periphery

Perbedaan Kebersihan Rongga Mulut dan Kesehatan Periodontal Antara Mahasiswa Kedokteran Gigi dengan Mahasiswa Kesehatan Non-Kedokteran Gigi di Universitas Jember

Oral health is an important part of general body health and is related by several factors, behavioral domain factor is one of related factor consisting of knowledge, attitudes, and actions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences of oral hygiene and periodontal health in dental students with non-dental health students at Jember University. This research was an observational analytic with cross-sectional findings. The subjects were 274 Jember University health students. Data obtained by taking questionnaires and clinical examinations using OHI-S to determine the oral hygiene status and CPITN to examine the periodontal health status. The result of this study is dental students and non-dental health students has the same level of oral hygiene that is the medium level with lower OHI-S scores for dental students compared to non-dental health students. The conclusion of this study is there is no difference in the periodontal health status of dental students with non-dental health students at Jember University

Daya Antibakteri Infusa Daun Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica Linn) terhadap Streptococcus mutans (Antibacterial Activity of Asam Jawa Leaf Infuse (Tamarindus indica Linn) against Streptococcus mutans

Background: Dental caries is a mouth diseases caused by the interaction of host, microorganisms, substrate and time. One of the microorganisms that had played a role in occurrence dental caries is Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Infection caused by S. mutans can be treated with an natural antibacterial or synthetic antibacterial, but synthetic antibacterial has side effects in long term use so we need to do some research to find out natural materials that can be used as an antibacterial to minimize the side effects. Asam jawa leaf (Tamarindus indica L) is one of medicinal plants that have been known contains antibacterial compound namely flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, vitamin C, chlorine and tanin. Objective: Determined the antibacterial activity of asam jawa leaf infuse against S. mutans. Methods: Laboratories experimental with post test only control group design research. Samples in this research divided into 2 control groups that is negative control (sterile aquadest), positive control (chlorhexidine) and 3 treated groups that is 25%, 50% and 100% asam jawa leaf infuse with 5 total samples for each groups. The antibacterial test was paper disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity showed by the inhibition zone around the paper disc that indicated there is no bacterial growth. Result and Conclusion: Asam jawa leaf infuse had antibacterial activity against S. mutans and the effective concentration of the asam jawa leaf infuse which had antibacterial activity was 100%. Keywords : Antibacterial, asam jawa leaf infuse, S. mutans

Jumlah Trombosit pada Mencit Diabetes setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Laut Merah (Rhodophyceae)

Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus triggers activation and increases in platelet counts that play a role in the formation of platelet plugs in the blood clotting process. If excessive blood clots occur, there is a risk of cardiovascular disease. Red seaweed extract contains carotenoids, phenols and their derivatives, fikobilin pigments, polysaccharide sulfates, and vitamins. The biggest phenol compound is flavonoids which are compounds that can produce platelet antia-gregation effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of giving red seaweed extract to platelet counts in diabetic mice. The study group consisted of the treatment group of red seaweed extract, normal control, positive control and negative controls. The dosage of seaweed extract as much as 10 mg / 20 grBB is given in condition. The calculation of platelet count is carried out directly with the Brecher Cronkite method using a calculated room Improved Neubauer. The One Way ANOVA test results showed a significance value (p <0.05), that is, the group of diabetic mice given red seaweed extract had a lower platelet count of 280000 μl compared to diabetic mice given metformin as much as 379000 μl. The decrease is due to flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, β carotene, vitamins and minerals able to stabilize the production of megakaryocytes and platelets, prevent the destruction of pancreatic β cells and prevent free radicals. It was concluded that red seaweed extract can reduce platelet counts of diabetic mice near normal values

Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Adhesi Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis pada Neutrofil (Inhibition of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Leaves Extract on Adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria to Neutrophils)

Adhesion process of Porphyromonas gingivalis on neutrophils significantly play a role in the onset of periodontal infection. Papaya leaves contain several active substances that might impact to bacterial adhesion. This study was aimed to determine inhibition potency of papaya leaf extract (PLE) to adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis to neutrophils and at different concentration. This was an experimental laboratories in vitro study on neutrophils cells from peripheral blood. Samples divided into 5 group: group I/control (without PLE), group II (PLE 25%), group III (PLE 50 %), group IV (PLE 75%), and group V (PLE 100%). Isolated neutrofil was incubated by PLE in 3 hours, then incubated to the P. gingivalis in 2.5 hours. The index of adhesion was determined by calculating average number of P. gingivalis on 100 neutrophils. The result found that inhibition potency of PLE was significantly different to all groups. The conclusion was PLE inhibited P. gingivalis adhesion on neutrophils; and there were differences of inhibition potency of bacterial adhesion of P. gingivalis bacteria among PLE at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% concentration, which higher concentration had higher inhibition effect.   Keywords: adhesion, neutrophils, papaya leaf, Porphyromonas gingivali

PENGARUH PEMAPARAN Entamoeba gingivalis TERHADAP JUMLAH POLIMORFONUKLEAR NEUTROFIL (PMN) PADA TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN DENGAN RADANG GINGIVA

Entamoeba gingivalis is one type of parasite that found in the gingival inflammation. Polymorphonuclearneutrophil (PMN) play a role at the beginning of inflammation. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure E.gingivalis to the number of PMN in Wistar male rats with gingival inflammation. The cervical of mandibular incisor ofall experimental animals was ligated with a wire to get the state of gingival inflammation and then they divided intotwo groups, namely control and treatment group. The control group was exposed to the physiological solution,whereas the treatment group were exposed to E. gingivalis for six days. Exposure performed one day after ligated.Data obtained by counting the number of PMN each group on days 4 and 7. The results show that the number ofPMN on the day of the 4th and 7th there was no significant difference between control and treatment group. Theconclusion of this study is the exposure of E. gingivalis did not affect the number of PMN in Wistar male rats withgingival inflammation

Level Glukosa Darah pada Mencit Diabetes Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Laut Coklat (Phaeophyta)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance caused by insulin deficiency or insulin disorder. Insulin hormone functions in the formation of glucose as an energy source. Consequently, glucose accumulates in the blood in DM patients and affects increased free radicals within the cell and oxidative stress. In DM patients with an imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants in his plasm, therefore, patients with DM require a large amount of antioxidants intake. One alternative treatment is seaweed. Brown seaweed contains bioactive components such as polyphenols and carotenoids, which exhibit antioxidants and reduce blood glucose levels. The study aimed to analyze the effect of brown seaweed extract on the blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. The study used a research design of pre and post-test control group design. The study was divided into 4 sample groups, namely the normal group, negative controls (diabetic mice), positive control (diabetic mice + 1.3 mg / 20 gr BB metformin), P1 (diabetic mice + brown seaweed extract). The seaweed dose of 10mg / 20grBB is given daily for 21 days. Blood glucose level checks using Glucometer and strip test (Autocheck™). Brown seaweed extract has an effect on reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice

PENGARUH PENYAKIT PERIODONTAL SELAMA MASA KEHAMILAN TERHADAP JUMLAH TOTAL LEUKOSIT DAN HITUNG JENIS LEUKOSIT

The changes of hormonal during pregnancy can increase the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Increased estrogen and progesterone can cause excessive response in periodontal tissues so easily happen inflammation of the periodontal tissues. The most important aspects of the inflammation is the leukocyte reaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodontal disease during pregnancy to the total number of leukocytes and leukocyte counts. Research procedures performed each trimester which includes examining periodontal index (PI) to assess the severity of periodontal disease and total leukocyte counts and leukocyte counts were taken from venous blood. The data obtained were analyzed with linear regression test. Statistical analysis showed that the higher the score PI will increase the total number of leukocytes. The conclusion of this study is periodontal disease during pregnancy may increase the total number of leukocytes and leukocyte counts

STATUS KEBERSIHAN MULUT DAN KESEHATAN PERIODONTAL PASIEN YANG DATANG KE KLINIK PERIODONSIA RSGM UNIVERSITAS JEMBER PERIODE AGUSTUS 2009 – AGUSTUS 2010

Level of oral hygiene have a close relationship with periodontal health status; where good oral hygiene will minimize the occurrence of periodontal disease. Aims of this study were to assess the oral hygiene status and periodontal health patients that come to Department of Periodontics of Jember University Dental Hospital at August 2009 until August 2010. This type of research is an observational study of clinical (cross sectional). A total of 155 sample (87 males and 66 females) were examined by using Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S) and Periodontal Index. Good oral hygiene was seen in 11% of total sample examined, 54,2% had fair oral hygiene and rest 34,8% showed poor oral hygiene. 0,6% of total sample examined had healthy periodontal, 18,1% had simple gingivitis, 41,3% had initial of periodontal disease destructive, 37,45 had periodontal disease destructive and 2,6% had terminal disease. Oral hygiene status and periodontal health examination revealed that majority of sample had fair oral hygiene and periodontal disease destructive

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica L) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada Resin Akrilik Heat-cured

Heat-cured acrylic resin is a material that is often used as a denture base. However, heat-cured acrylic resin is porous which can be a site for plaque accumulation. Streptococcus mutans is a microorganism that initiates plaque formation. Therefore, the cleanliness of the denture must always be maintained, one of which is by immersing the denture in 0.5% NaOCl solution. However, NaOCl can fade the color of acrylic resin and is corrosive. Alternative materials that can be used are materials derived from nature. Tamarind leaves are known to contain bioactive compounds that have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of tamarind leaf extract at several concentrations that could inhibit the growth of S. mutans on heat-cured acrylic resin and the concentration that had the greatest ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans on heat-cured acrylic resin. This type of research is a laboratory experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. Each acrylic resin plate will be contaminated with S. mutans for 24 hours and then immersed in the tamarind leaves extract concentration of 3.125%; 6.25%; 12.5%; 25%, positive control (NaOCl 0,5%), and negative control. The measurement of the number of S. mutans was carried out using a spectrophotometer. . The results showed that tamarind leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of S. mutans on heat-cured acrylic resin and the highest concentrations in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans on heat-cured acrylic resin were 12.5% and 25%