9 research outputs found

    Platelet-rich plasma may prevent titanium-mesh exposure in alveolar ridge augmentation with anorganic bovine bone

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    Objective: Bone augmentation with the titanium-mesh (Ti-mesh) technique is susceptible to a large rate of complications such as morbidity of bone graft donor site, and mesh exposure to the oral cavity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anorganic bovine bone (ABB) in alveolar bone augmentation with the Ti-mesh technique. In addition, we investigated the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in preventing mesh exposure by using it to cover the Ti-mesh. Patients and methods: Patients included in the clinical trial were randomly allocated by a blinded assistant into two groups. The 30 patients recruited for this study underwent 43 alveolar bone augmentation with the Ti-mesh technique using ABB as graft material in all of them. In 15 patients, the Ti-meshes were covered with PRP (PRP group) whereas in the other 15 the Ti-meshes were not (control group). After 6 months, patients were called for clinical, radiographic and histological evaluation, and implant placement surgery. A total of 97 implants were placed in the augmented bone and their evolution was followed up for a period of 24 months. Results: Significant differences were found between the two study groups in terms of complications and bone formation. In the control group, 28,5% of the cases suffered from mesh exposure, while in the PRP group, no exposures were registered. Radiographic analysis revealed that bone augmentation was higher in the PRP group than in the control group. Overall, 97,3% of implants placed in the control group and 100% of those placed in the PRP group were successful during the monitoring period. We suggest that the positive effect of PRP on the Ti-mesh technique is due to its capacity to improve soft tissue healing, thereby protecting the mesh and graft material secured beneath the gingival tissues. Conclusions: Alveolar bone augmentation using ABB alone in the Ti-Mesh technique is sufficient for implant rehabilitation. Besides, covering the Ti-meshes with PRP was a determining factor in avoiding mesh exposure. Ti-Mesh exposure provoked significant bone loss, but in most cases it did not affect the subsequent placement implants

    Phentolamine mesylate to reverse oral soft-tissue local anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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    BACKGROUND Knowing that patients desire reduced duration of local anesthesia, the authors performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of phentolamine mesylate (PM) in reducing anesthesia duration and the occurrence of adverse effects. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The authors searched studies in 4 electronic databases up to December 18, 2014. For each study, the methodological quality was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used PM met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Six RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were used to carry out a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of PM and a qualitative analysis of its adverse effects. The use of PM was more effective in reversing the anesthetic effect on the lower lip and tongue than was applying a placebo. Adverse effects reported in the studies were not statistically significant, the most frequent being headache, pain during injection, and postprocedure pain. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Based on limited evidence, PM is effective in reducing the persistence of anesthesia duration on the lower lip and tongue, with infrequent adverse effects of little clinical significance

    The Relevance of the Use of Radiographic Planning in Order to Avoid Complications in Mandibular Implantology: A Retrospective Study

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    The aim of this retrospective radiological study was to evaluate the variability of the mandibular anatomy in the presence and absence of teeth and to consider how it could influence implant planning. 187 mandibular CT DentaScans were selected from our department archive according to the inclusion criteria. The axial height, vertical height, angulation of the bone crest, and the bone available for ideal implant placement were measured. The analysis of the data shows that the mandible contour presents a constant degree of angulation. The variation of angulation in the absence of teeth was statistically significant only in the region between the canine and the first premolar and in that between the second premolar and the first molar. The difference between the crest height and the available distance to place the implant was greater in the region of the second molar while in the other regions the implant planning was made complex by postextraction resorption. Alveolar bone resorption after tooth loss can be considered as a risk factor for lingual cortical perforation during the insertion of an implant. To avoid potential intra/postoperative complications, 3D radiographic examination is recommended in order to study the mandibular anatomy and identify the risk areas

    Obtención de cortes anatómicos en los tres planos del espacio correlacionados con TAC y RM para el aprendizaje auto-dirigido de la anatomía topográfica de las regiones del tobillo y del pie.

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    Desarrollo de un sistema interactivo para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la docencia de la anatomía de las regiones del tobillo y del pie, que pueda ser utilizado por los alumnos de grado de ciencias de la salud a través del Campus

    The Fetal Origin of the Human Chin

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    The chin prominence is a hallmark of the modern human face and bears on its labial surface an inverted-T bony relief. Evolutionarily, whether the human chin is an adaptation for mastication or speech is debated but there is little compelling data supporting either claim. Furthermore, some suggest that the inverted-T relief is more important for phylogenetic inference than the chin prominence. However, there is no evidence for the developmental independence of the inverted-T relief and chin prominence. This debate requires empirical data on fetal development of the human chin. Using 3D imaging of the musculo-cervico-craniofacial skeleton of human fetuses and geometric morphometric methods, we discovered a developmental sequence leading to a chin prominence during early fetal development that is very similar to that which we previously observed in postnatal modern humans and in chimpanzee fetuses. Furthermore, we provide the evidence that the inverted-T relief is developmentally integrated with the chin prominence. The evolution of the human chin is constrained by cervico-craniofacial developmental that maintain an unobstructed fetal airway. Finally, the inverted T-relief should be neither treated independently from the chin prominence in phylogenetic analysis, nor is it a relevant taxonomic trait that defines the symphysis of modern humans.Fondation Fyssen (Paris)Austrian Science FundDepto. de Anatomía y EmbriologíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu
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