Homens e mulheres em vivência de violência conjugal: características socioeconômicas Hombres y mujeres que viven en violencia conyugal: aspectos socioeconómicos Men and women living in marital violence: socioeconomic aspects

Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, com o objetivo de identificar características socioeconômicas de mulheres e homens com história de violência conjugal em Salvador. Realizou-se entrevista com 50 homens e 50 mulheres. Quase todos se autodeclaram negros. Poucos concluíram o ensino médio. Os homens exercem ocupações no espaço do público e as mulheres realizam atividades predominantemente domésticas, mesmo fora de casa. Apenas 3 mulheres (6%) consideram-se independentes economicamente. Isso tem relação direta com o nível de escolaridade, por constituir-se pré-requisito para entrada no mercado de trabalho. A situação é pior para as mulheres pesquisadas, visto o pequeno número de anos de estudos e o alto grau de dependência financeira, que interfere no seu empoderamento para o enfrentamento da violência conjugal. Os profissionais de saúde, em especial da enfermagem, devem contemplar as iniquidades sociais e valorizar o contexto socioeconômico dos usuários no sentido de identificar situações que comprometam a condição de saúde da população.<br>Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo con el objetivo de identificar características socio-económicas de las mujeres y los hombres con un historial de violencia doméstica. Hemos llevado a cabo entrevistas con 50 hombres y 50 mujeres. Casi todos los sujetos se autodeclaran negros. La mayoría no terminó la escuela secundaria. Los hombres ejercen ocupaciones que son públicas y las mujeres realizan actividades domésticas. Sólo 3 mujeres (6%) se consideran independientes económicamente. El grado de dependencia económica está relacionado con el nivel de educación que se constituye como un requisito para la entrada en el mercado laboral. La situación es todavía más precaria para las mujeres con pocos años de estudios y un alto grado de dependencia financiera lo que interfiere con su empoderamiento para enfrentar la violencia conyugal. Los profesionales de la salud, deben abordar las desigualdades sociales para identificar situaciones que pongan en peligro el estado de salud de la población.<br>Quantitative and descriptive study aiming to identify socioeconomic characteristics of men and women with a history of domestic violence. We conducted interviews with 50 men and 50 women. Nearly all subjects were self-declared black. Most did not have too many years of school education. Men perform occupations that are public and women do predominantly domestic activities. Only 3 women (6%) are considered financially independent. The degree of economic dependence is directly related to the level of education that has been established as a prerequisite to enter into the labor market. The situation is even more precarious for women interviewed with fewer years of education and a high degree of financial dependence that interferes with their empowerment to address domestic violence. Health professionals, especially nurses, should address the social inequities and improve the socioeconomic context of users to identify situations that endanger the health of the population

Interaction of transmembrane-spanning segments of the a2-adrenergic receptor with model membranes

Adrenergic receptors are integral membrane proteins involved in cellular signalling that belong to the G protein-coupled receptors. Synthetic peptides resembling the putative transmembrane (TM) segments TM4, TM6 and TM7, of the human alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtype C10 (P08913) and defined lipid vesicles were used to assess protein-lipid interactions that might be relevant to receptor structure/function. P6 peptide contains the hydrophobic core of TM6 plus the N-terminal hydrophilic motif REKR, while peptides P4 and P7 contained just the hydrophobic stretches of TM4 and TM7, respectively. All the peptides increase their helical tendency at moderate concentrations of TFE (30-50%) and in presence of 1,2-dielaidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine (DEPE) lipids. However, only P6 displays up to 19% of alpha-helix in the presence of just the DEPE lipids, evidences a transmembrane orientation and stabilizes the Lalpha lipid phase. Conversely, P4 and P7 peptides form only stable beta-sheet structures in DEPE and favour the non-lamellar, inverted hexagonal (H(II)) phase of DEPE by lowering its phase transition temperature. This study highlights the potential of using synthetic peptides derived from the amino acid sequence in the native proteins as templates to understand the behaviour of the transmembrane segments and underline the importance of interfacial anchoring interactions to meet hydrophobic matching requirements and define membrane organization