124 research outputs found

    The Analysis and Control of Zero-Sequence Components in a Transformerless Back-To-Back (BTB) System Using Modular Multilevel Cascade Converters for Power Distribution Systems

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    This paper provides an intensive discussion on analysis and simulation of a back-to-back (BTB) system based on double-star chopper cells (MMCCs-DSCCs). It is installed between two 6.6-kV power distribution feeders. It is also referred to as the so-called “loop power flow controller.” A three-phase 200-V, 10-kW, 50-Hz BTB transformerless system is simulated to verify its operating principles, modelling, and performance of zero-sequence current control using combination between a simple PI controller and a common-mode choke. The simulation results show that the zero-sequence current circulating between the two feeders can be suppressed as small as 10 mA (0.03%) in rms, which is within acceptable value and small enough to negligible

    Essays on economics of sustainable forest management

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    Forests contain characteristics of market (timber and forest products) and non-market goods (e.g. ecosystem and environmental services, outdoor recreation). The mixed characteristics of forests create difficulties in policy implementation, especially when sustainability of forests is an objective. Sustainable Forest Management (SFM), the global concept, is a challenging solution for forest uses and management combining social, economics, and environmental dimension. Due to several calls for research in SFM, particularly in trade in forest products and forest landowner behavior, this dissertation presents two empirical models with implications related to SFM. Because some SFM opponents believe that applying SFM will lessen trade transactions and their forest products volume and value, the first essay applies a vector autoregression (VAR) model to clarify confusion surrounding trade and SFM, including the controversy of exchange rate depreciation policy.This study uses U.S.-Canada forest products trade data and exchange rate, and predicts the dynamic patterns of those factors when imposing a shock due to policy or other disturbances. The estimated results show that an alteration in exchange rate policy and changing forest conservation affect trade components both in the short run and the long run. Any calls for exchange rate depreciation policies should be rejected. Increasing forest conservation in the U.S. would discourage exports and increase the social price of wood products. The second essay deals with fragmentation and parcelization of U.S. forests. Resolving the problems requires information about forest owners. This study utilizes a simultaneous-equation model to estimate interactions among ownership objective categories (non-timber benefits, monetary returns, farm or home site value, and bequest), willingness to harvest in the future, and interest in managing for non-timber uses.The study estimates factors influencing ownership objective categories and planned behavior. The empirical results reveal that forest landowners are not homogenous and possess multiple ownership objectives. The interdependence between ownership objective categories and behavior show that implementing incentives and revised U.S. forest policy with SFM objective should be considered in order to remedy the current forest problems

    Performance Comparison of Basic Idea Sketches for Product Development between Manual Sketching and Computer Aided Design

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    This research is a qualitative study on basic idea sketches between Manual Sketching and Computer Aided Design Modeling (CAD). The result of this research will be to improve or to lead to design idea transferring process; that presents the product sketch, which is more advantage in respond to the designers' mindset, and the result will be recommended as a guideline for instruction industrial design which will be suitable for all students with different aptitudes in the design processes

    Comparison of Concept Transferring Procedures of Basic Idea between Handmade Design and Computer Modeling

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    This research aims to make a comparative study of the performance results between creating the basic idea designs by handmade design process and by computer modeling process. The study of product design by using handmade process and computer modeling process has the same objectives which are to generate ideas and encourage creativity in product design. Though these two processes are done by using different tools, they have the same idea of using the interactive between brain, hand, and forms that appear on the paper or on the computer to improve and Idea Development, Sketch Design. Also, these two processes are used as an approach to teach and learn industrial product design, they can be chosen to suit students with different features and can be used to increase academic achievement performance.Keywords: Basic Idea, Handmade Design, Computer Modeling, Industrial Product Design.ISSN: 2398-4287ÂĐ 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia

    Environmental and Occupational Exposures in Immigrant Health

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    Immigrants comprise vulnerable populations that are frequently exposed to a multitude of environmental and occupational hazards. The historical context behind state and federal legislation has helped to foster an environment that is particularly hostile toward caring for immigrant health. Current hazards include toxic exposures, air and noise pollution, motor vehicle accidents, crowded living and work environments with inadequate ventilation, poor sanitation, mechanical injury, among many others. Immigrants lack the appropriate training, materials, health care access, and other resources to reduce their exposure to preventable environmental and occupational health risks. This dilemma is exacerbated by current anti-immigrant sentiments, miscommunication between native and immigrant populations, and legislation denying immigrants access to publicly funded medical care. Given that current health policy has failed to address immigrant health appropriately and political impetus is lacking, efforts should also focus on alternative solutions, including organized labor. Labor unions that serve to educate workers, survey work environments, and defend worker rights will greatly alleviate and prevent the burden of disease incurred by immigrants. The nation’s health will benefit from improved regulation of living and workplace environments to improve the health of immigrants, regardless of legal status

    Nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing for the non-destructive evaluation of materials' properties

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    Nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing has been shown to be a powerful method to detect and characterise damage or defects in materials. This technique has been used in a wide range of applications such as the non-destructive evaluation of material properties due to its higher sensitivity when compared to conventional, linear, ultrasonic techniques. This technique is based on an investigation of nonlinear behaviours in a material by using harmonic generation or nonlinear resonance, which are able to detect small scale defects or structural degradation, such as cracks, micro cracks, and material characterisation in the wider sense. Within the context of medicine, the detection of deep tissue injury, such as a pressure ulcer, could benefit from the capabilities of nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing methods. These wounds are currently detected late, leading to difficult treatments. Earlier detection over smaller areas based on difference, in properties relative to neighboring tissue, means nonlinear ultrasound techniques could have a significant impact on patient recovery. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a platform which can detect nonlinearities of materials using nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing techniques. In this study, two kinds of non-linear wave mixing techniques are introduced for the detection of small particles distributed in a hydrogel phantom, a proxy for an injury area in the early stages of the development of a wound. Wave mixing was also applied to measure an accumulated change to material properties also known as physical aging. The results demonstrated an improved ability of non-linear wave mixing method over linear techniques to distinguish minuscule particles and to be able to monitor a slow rate of change in material properties, which would be used to monitor deep wounds under the skin such as pressure ulcers. The results clearly show that the summed frequency of a nonlinear wave signal can detect a range of microparticle sizes (70m, 100m and 150m) with higher sensitivity and resolution as compared to the linear echo ultrasound. This is a factor of more than 10 increase in the resolution of defect detection as compared to linear methods, allowing for earlier wound identification. In addition, the response of the nonlinear summed frequency interaction was captured with a 30 s sampling rate at 6.25 MHz.This system showed that the nonlinear ultrasonic technique was suitable to detect the physical aging of amorphous polymers at the annealing temperature. When the polymer structure underwent structural relaxation, the nonlinear wave mixing energy gradually increased due to the non-equilibrium state and then continually developed due to physical aging. The system is not only designed to detect the nonlinearities of soft material properties using nonlinear ultrasonic techniques, but also to enable its application to evaluate the accumulated change of material properties. These experimental results suggest that nonlinear ultrasonic wave mixing technique may be useful for detecting small scale (early onset of) pressure ulcers developing deep in the skin. The ability to observe physical aging in polymers, and the analogous behaviour of polymer physical aging and ulcer development, suggest it may be possible to monitor pressure ulcer development with nonlinear techniques

    GC MS AND ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF CINNAMOMUM TAMALA

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    Objective: To investigate the phytoconstituents and elements present in hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MET) extracts of Cinnamomum tamala (CT).Methods: Gas chromatographyÃĒ₮“mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was carried out to determine the principal constituents present in HEX, DCM and MET extracts of CT. Elemental analysis of CT was carried out by XÃĒ₮“Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrophotometer analysis.Results: GC-MS analysis showed the presence of various compounds in HEX, DCM and MET extracts of CT. Eugenol was found to be the major compound in HEX and DCM extracts of CT. 2 compounds namely 2,6,10-trimethyl-12-oxatricyclo[7.3.0.0{1,6}]tridec-2-ene, Hexahydropyridine,4-[4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-in HEX extract and 3 compounds in DCM extract namely 6ÃƒÂĄ,19-CycloAndrost-4-ene-3,17-dione, 2,5-chloro-3ÎÂē-hydroxy-6ÎÂē-nitro-5ÃŽÂą-androstan-17-one, Aceticacid,10,13-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H cyclopenta [a]phenanthren-17-ylester are newly reported. XRF analysis revealed the presence of various elements in CT. Out of these; calcium and potassium were found to be major elements, whereas titanium was found to be a minor element.Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate the presence of 31 various important phytoconstituents in HEX, DCM and MET extracts of CT and presence of 13 elements in CT. Â

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    āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāđ€āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡ āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļž.āļĻ. 2561 āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļĨāļąāļžāļ˜āđŒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™ āļĄāļĩāļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­ (1) āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļīāļ”āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļž.āļĻ. 2561 āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļĨāļąāļžāļ˜āđŒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™ āđāļĨāļ° (2) āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđāļ•āļāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđˆāļēāļ‡āļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļąāļĒāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļāļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļīāļ”āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļš āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļž.āļĻ. 2561 āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļĨāļąāļžāļ˜āđŒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™ āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļēāļāļĢāļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡ āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™ 400 āļ„āļ™ āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāđˆāļĄāļ•āļąāļ§āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āđāļšāļšāđƒāļŠāđ‰āļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļļāđˆāļĄāđāļšāļšāļšāļąāļ‡āđ€āļ­āļīāļ āđ€āļ„āļĢāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ‡āļĄāļ·āļ­āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđāļšāļšāļŠāļ­āļšāļ–āļēāļĄ āļŠāļ–āļīāļ•āļīāļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŠāđ‰āđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨ āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđāļāđˆ āļ„āđˆāļēāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ–āļĩāđˆ āļ„āđˆāļēāļĢāđ‰āļ­āļĒāļĨāļ° āļ„āđˆāļēāđ€āļ‰āļĨāļĩāđˆāļĒ āļ„āđˆāļēāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āđ€āļšāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āđ€āļšāļ™āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™ āļ„āđˆāļēāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđāļˆāļāđāļˆāļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ–āļĩāđˆ āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāđ€āļ„āļĢāļēāļ°āļŦāđŒāļ„āđˆāļēāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđāļ›āļĢāļ›āļĢāļ§āļ™āđāļšāļšāļ—āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ”āļĩāļĒāļ§ āļœāļđāđ‰āļ•āļ­āļšāđāļšāļšāļŠāļ­āļšāļ–āļēāļĄ āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āđƒāļŦāļāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļžāļĻāļŦāļāļīāļ‡ āļ­āļēāļĒāļļāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđˆāļēāļ‡ 26-35 āļ›āļĩ āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ āļ—āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŦāļ™āđˆāļ§āļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āđ€āļ­āļāļŠāļ™ āļŊ āļ›āļĢāļ°āđ€āļ āļ—āļ•āļģāđāļŦāļ™āđˆāļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āļāļīāļšāļąāļ•āļī āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ—āļģāļ‡āļēāļ™ āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļāļīāļ™ 5 āļ›āļĩ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē (1) āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļīāļ”āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡ āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļž.āļĻ. 2561 āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļĨāļąāļžāļ˜āđŒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™ āđƒāļ™āļ āļēāļžāļĢāļ§āļĄāļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĄāļēāļ āđ€āļĄāļ·āđˆāļ­āļžāļīāļˆāļēāļĢāļ“āļēāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļĢāļēāļĒāļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™ āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļē āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļžāļĨāđ€āļĄāļ·āļ­āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāđāļ‚āđ‡āļ‡āļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĄāļēāļāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ­āļąāļ™āļ”āļąāļšāđāļĢāļ āļĢāļ­āļ‡āļĨāļ‡āļĄāļē āļ„āļ·āļ­ āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļēāļĄāļēāļĢāļ–āļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĄāļēāļ āđāļĨāļ° āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļĢāđˆāļ§āļĄāļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āļŠāļĢāļĢāļ„āđŒāļ™āļ§āļąāļ•āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļ­āļĒāļđāđˆāđƒāļ™āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļĄāļēāļ āļ•āļēāļĄāļĨāļģāļ”āļąāļš āđāļĨāļ° (2) āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļąāļĒāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļšāļļāļ„āļ„āļĨ āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒ āļ—āļĩāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđāļ•āļāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„āļīāļ”āđ€āļŦāđ‡āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ™āļąāļāļĢāļđāđ‰āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļšāļĢāļīāļŦāļēāļĢāļ˜āļļāļĢāļāļīāļˆāļĄāļŦāļēāļšāļąāļ“āļ‘āļīāļ• āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļīāļ—āļĒāļēāļĨāļąāļĒāļĢāļēāļĄāļ„āļģāđāļŦāļ‡ āļ•āđˆāļ­āļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ­āļļāļ”āļĄāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē āļž.āļĻ. 2561 āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļœāļĨāļĨāļąāļžāļ˜āđŒāļœāļđāđ‰āđ€āļĢāļĩāļĒāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāđāļ•āļāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļ™āļąāļĒāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŠāļ–āļīāļ•āļīāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļš 0.05The research objectives are (1) to study the perceptions and awareness of students of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) program, Ramkhamhaeng University towards national Higher Education Standards B.E. 2561 (2018) in desired learning outcomes, and (2) to explore individual differences in demographic characteristics and opinion levels on the perceptions of aforesaid framework. The study sample, being drawn from convenience sampling included 400 MBA students of Ramkhamhaeng University. A questionnaire set served as the instrument for collecting data. The statistics for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution and one-way ANOVA. The majority of respondents represented female, aged between 26-35 years, business owners, office employees, possessing less than five years’ experience. As results, respondents’ perception of Higher Education Standards Framework 2018 on learning outcomes was overall at a high level. Substantial aspects could be prioritized in this manner: Smart Citizenship, Having vital competencies and skills; and Possessing characteristics of creative and innovative individuals. Differences in perceptions towards the 2018 framework were found among respondents with different types and levels of work experience (p<0.05)
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