Improved branch and bound method for control structure screening

The main aim of this paper is to present an improved algorithm of “Branch and Bound” method for control structure screening. The new algorithm uses a best- first search approach, which is more efficient than other algorithms based on depth-first search approaches. Detailed explanation of the algorithms is provided in this paper along with a case study on Tennessee–Eastman process to justify the theory of branch and bound method. The case study uses the Hankel singular value to screen control structure for stabilization. The branch and bound method provides a global ranking to all possible input and output combinations. Based on this ranking an efficient control structure with least complexity for stabilizing control is detected which leads to a decentralized proportional cont

Measurement and Modeling of Adsorption of Lower Hydrocarbons on Activated Carbon

This work reports adsorption isotherms for C₁ to C₆ hydrocarbons on activated carbon at three different temperatures (293 K, 318 K, and 358 K) over a wide range of pressure (0 bar to 100 bar). The isotherms were measured using a standard gravimetric method. The experimental data were correlated and compared using Toth, modified virial, and potential theory models. On the basis of the adsorption potential, characteristic curves were also generated for methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, <i>n</i>-pentane, and <i>n</i>-hexane on activated carbon over broad ranges of pressure and temperatures. The micropore volume of the activated carbon predicted from potential theory was in good agreement with those obtained using a N₂ isotherm measured at 77 K. The enthalpy of adsorption at zero loading was found to increase linearly with the carbon number