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Not AvailableThe complete mitochondrial genome of Schizothorax progastus, an endemic coldwater fish of Himalayas, was determined for the first time. The genome was 16,575 bp in length and consists of 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2rRNA genes and one putative control region. The gene organization and its order were similar to other vertebrates. The overall base composition was – A: 29.8%, G: 17.8%, C: 27%, T: 25.4%, AþT content: 55.2% and the GþC content: 44.8%. The control region also consisted of a microsatellite locus (TA)12 between 16,466 and 16,489 bp. The present study will provide the rationale for the management and conservation of S. progastus.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe teleost fishes depend on their innate immune system for first line of defense. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a member of the collectin family of proteins that plays an important role in the innate immune response in many vertebrates including fish. The present study was thus carried out to identify and characterize MBL homologue from snow trout. The cDNA of snow trout MBL homologue (galactose binding; Sch-GBL) was cloned and characterized. The obtained cDNA (778-bp) contains 762 bp long ORF (open reading frame) and a 16 bp partial 30UTR (untranslated region); transcripts are ubiquitously expressed in all the tissues under study. Sch-GBL encodes a 253-aa protein that clusters with that of common carp, goldfish and contain several common structural motifs. In addition, the Ka/Ks ratios of the C-type lectin domain sequences depicts that they are under negative selection. Sch-GBL transcript level increases in response to challenge to Aeromonas hydrophila infection and decreases in response to downshift in temperature. Altogether, these findings suggest that Sch-GBL play an important role in the first line of fish defense mechanisms.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe karyotypical analysis of two fish species, Schistura obliquofascia and Puntius chelynoides, from the Kumaun Himalayan Rivers was carried out to ascertain the taxonomic position of the species. The diploid chromosome number in S. obliquofascia was ascertained to be 2n = 50 with a karyotype of 2n = 20 metacentric (m), 20 submetacentric (sm), 6 subtelocentric (st) and 4 telocentric (t) chromosomes, and a fundamental arm number (FN) of 90, where as in P. chelynoides, the diploid chromosome number was 100 with a karyotypic formula of 2n = 26m+16sm+18st+40t with a fundamental arm number (FN) of 142. No sex chromosome pair was identified in the form of a heteromorphic pair in either of the species. The relationship within closely related species for both the genus was also discussed using this chromosomal data.Not Availabl

Phenotypic differentiation of Barilius bendelisis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in four rivers from Central Indian Himalaya

Barilius bendelisis, commonly known as Indian Hill Trout is an upland water fish of South East Asia. It belongs to the family Cyprinidae and dwells in shallow, clear and cold water. In this study, the intraspecific variation of Barilius bendelisis, on the basis of morphometric characters, was investigated. Altogether, 402 specimens were collected from four rivers in the Central Indian Himalaya. A truss network was constructed by interconnecting 12 landmarks to yield 30 distance variables that were extracted from digital images of specimens using tpsDig2 and PAST software. Allometric transformed truss measurements were subjected to univariate analysis of variance, factor analysis and discriminant analysis. All variables exhibited significant differences between the populations. Altogether 88% of the specimens were classified into their original populations (81.98% under a ‘leave-one-out’ procedure). With factor analysis measurements of the head region, the middle portion and the caudal region had high loadings on the first and second axis. The results indicated that B. bendelisis has significant phenotypic heterogeneity between the geographically isolated regions of Central Indian Himalaya. We hypothesize that the marked interspecific variation in B. bendelisis is the result of local ecological conditions.Barilius bendelisis, commonly known as Indian Hill Trout is an upland water fish of South East Asia. It belongs to the family Cyprinidae and dwells in shallow, clear and cold water. In this study, the intraspecific variation of Barilius bendelisis, on the basis of morphometric characters, was investigated. Altogether, 402 specimens were collected from four rivers in the Central Indian Himalaya. A truss network was constructed by interconnecting 12 landmarks to yield 30 distance variables that were extracted from digital images of specimens using tpsDig2 and PAST software. Allometric transformed truss measurements were subjected to univariate analysis of variance, factor analysis and discriminant analysis. All variables exhibited significant differences between the populations. Altogether 88% of the specimens were classified into their original populations (81.98% under a ‘leave-one-out’ procedure). With factor analysis measurements of the head region, the middle portion and the caudal region had high loadings on the first and second axis. The results indicated that B. bendelisis has significant phenotypic heterogeneity between the geographically isolated regions of Central Indian Himalaya. We hypothesize that the marked interspecific variation in B. bendelisis is the result of local ecological conditions

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Not AvailableBarilius bendelisis, commonly known as Indian Hill Trout is an upland water fish of South East Asia. It belongs to the family Cyprinidae and dwells in shallow, clear and cold water. In this study, the intraspecific variation of Barilius bendelisis, on the basis of morphometric characters, was investigated. Altogether, 402 specimens were collected from four rivers in the Central Indian Himalaya. A truss network was constructed by interconnecting 12 landmarks to yield 30 distance variables that were extracted from digital images of specimens using tpsDig2 and PAST software. Allometric transformed truss measurements were subjected to univariate analysis of variance, factor analysis and discriminant analysis. All variables exhibited significant differences between the populations. Altogether 88% of the specimens were classified into their original populations (81.98% under a ‘leave-one-out’ procedure). With factor analysis measurements of the head region, the middle portion and the caudal region had high loadings on the first and second axis. The results indicated that B. bendelisis has significant phenotypic heterogeneity between the geographically isolated regions of Central Indian Himalaya. We hypothesize that the marked interspecific variation in B. bendelisis is the result of local ecological conditions.Not Availabl

Data on solute carrier transporter genes of a threatened Himalayan fish species – Schizothorax richardsonii

The Snowtrout, Schizothorax richardsonii, is a vulnerable fish species found in different rivers and rivulets of the Himalayan region. The species is also a suitable poikilotherm to study the low-temperature tolerance as it dwells well at a temperature range of 5–20 °C. The solute carrier (SLC) group of membrane transport proteins play an integral role in cellular acclimation response. The present RNA sequencing was done to identify solute carrier transporter which are the major gene cascades responsible for transport of sugars, amino acids, oligonucleotides, ions, drugs, etc. to and from the cell organelles. A reference transcriptome database was created from liver tissue of Schizothorax richardsonii through RNA sequencing on Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The sequences were annotated and characterized under various solute carrier families in the species. So far, 113 transcripts were identified as solute carrier transporter genes categorized under 13 different families. This data will be useful for many researchers working on gene cloning and differential expression of solute carriers. Keywords: RNA-Seq, Molecular characterization, Cellular transporter

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Not AvailableFingerling rearing of pengba, Osteobrama belangeri, was conducted at varied densi-ties for 90 days in 12 outdoor concrete tanks (10 m × 5 m × 1 m). The tanks, grouped into four triplicated treatments, were stocked with fry at 20, 30, 40 and 50 fry m-3; and designated as control, T-1, T-2 and T-3 respectively. Tanks were filled up to 90 cm depth. Evaporation loss compensated fortnightly. Fish sampling and monitoring of water quality parameters done at fortnight intervals. Survival varied between 71.5% and 84.0% in treatments. Both survival and total length significantly reduced with increasing densities from control to T-2 (p .05). Similarly, significant reductions in final body weight and specific growth rate were observed with increased densities and these values further reduced in T-3 than T-2 (p < .05). Such results corroborated the inverse relationship between stocking density and growth. Gross biomass yields in two higher densities (T-2 and T-3), despite their lower survivals, were significantly higher than the two lower densities. The numbers of fingerlings harvested were 35, 74 and 112% higher than the control in T-1, T-2 and T-3 respectively. The lowest size obtained even at the highest density (T-3) was of 7.0 ± 1.0 cm and 3.99 ± 0.17 g, which can be considered as ideal grow-out stocking size of pengba. Therefore, the study showed feasibility of stocking up to 50 fry m-3 for rearing from fry to fingerling stage. However, the other lower densities may be used in case of requirement of larger fingerlings.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe Snowtrout, Schizothorax richardsonii, is a vulnerable fish species found in different rivers and rivulets of the Himalayan region. The species is also a suitable poikilotherm to study the low temperature tolerance as it dwells well at a temperature range of 5-20 0C. The solute carrier (SLC) group of membrane transport proteins play an integral role in cellular acclimation response. The present RNA sequencing was done to identify solute carrier transporter which are the major gene cascades responsible for transport of sugars, amino acids, oligonucleotides, ions, drugs, etc. to and from the cell organelles. A reference transcriptome database was created from liver tissue of Schizothorax richardsonii through RNA sequencing on Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The sequences were annotated and characterized under various solute carrier families in the species. So far, 113 transcripts were identified as solute carrier transporter genes categorized under 13 different families. This data will be useful for many researchers working on gene cloning and differential expression of solute carriers.Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR

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Not AvailableThe complete mitochondrial genome of Schizopyge niger, an endemic coldwater fish of Himalayas was determined for the first time. The genome is 16,585 bp in length and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2rRNA genes and 1 putative control region. The gene organization and its order were similar to other vertebrates. The overall base composition was; A: 29.9%, G: 17.7%, C 27.1%, T 25.3%, A + T content 55.2% and the G + C content 44.8%. The control region was also consisted of a microsatellite locus (TA)13 between 16,471 to 16,496 bp. The present study will provide the rationale for the management and conservation of S. niger.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe complete mitochondrial genome of Schizothorax labiatus, an endemic coldwater fish of Himalayas was determined for the first time. The genome is 16,582 bp in length and consists of 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2rRNA genes and one putative control region. The gene organization and its order were similar to other vertebrates. The overall base composition was; A: 29.8%, G: 17.7%, C 27%, T 25.5%, AþT content 55.3% and the GþC content 44.7%. The control region was also consisted of a microsatellite locus (TA)12 between 16,467 and16,490 bp. The present study will provide the rationale for the management and conservation of S. labiatus.Not Availabl