Kawasan tanpa Rokok sebagai Alternatif Pengendalian Tembakau Studi Efektivitas Penerapan Kebijakan Kampus Bebas Rokok terhadap Perilaku dan Status Merokok Mahasiswa di Fakultas Kedokteran UGM, YOGYAKARTA

Background: In favor of the economic value of tobacco,Indonesia has minimal anti-smoking policies and regulations.Even though smoking is not permitted in the government offices,health facilities, and schools, the regulation has not yet beenfully implemented, particularly in tertiary education institutionssuch as universities. Faculty of medicine, as institutioneducating future medical professional, should be role model inimplementing the tobacco free campus policy.Objective: The present study examines the effectiveness oftobacco free campus policy in the Faculty of Medicine,University of Gadjah Mada (FM UGM) in Yogyakarta Province.Method: Two cross-sectional surveys on medical studentsmoking behaviors were conducted in 2003 (n=734) and 2007(n=463), respectively. The prevalence of smoking and quittingeffort were measured in both surveys. Student\u27s opinion ontobacco free campus policy was measured in 2007.Result: The percentage of male non-smoker has increased19.1%, while among female was 1.2%. While 11.9% studentsstopped smoking when they were admitted in FM UGM, 6%quitted smoking following the tobacco free campusimplementation and 7% reduced the number of cigarettessmoked. Moreover, ninety percent of male and 94% of femalestudents at public schools supported the implementation oftobacco free campus policy.Conclusion: The implementation of tobacco free campuspolicy has positive impact on reducing smoking behavior andpromoting quitting behavior among students in FM UGM. Bothmale and female students unanimously support the tobaccofree area

Penggalian Riwayat dan Nasihat Tentang Gaya Hidup Sehat oleh Dokter Pelayanan Primer

Di Indonesia, sejak lebih dari dua dekade, terjadi transisi epidemiologi. Prevalensi penyakit tidak menular (PTM) meningkat menggeser penyakit menular. Sejak tahun 2004, tiga perilaku hidup bersih sehat (PHBS) terkait PTM, yang meliputi tidak merokok, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi tinggi serat belum memenuhi target. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penggalian riwayat dan nasihat gaya hidup sehat yang dilaporkan oleh pasien dan dokter. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan potong lintang pada 57 dokter dan 251 pasien puskesmas. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner terstruktur dan wawancara di empat puskesmas di Kota Yogyakarta dan delapan puskesmas di Kabupaten Sleman mulai September 2011 sampai dengan Januari 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih banyak dokter yang memberikan nasihat tentang gaya hidup sehat daripada menanyakannya. Dokter lebih sering melakukan penggalian riwayat dan nasihat tentang kebiasaan merokok daripada tentang olah raga dan pola makan. Penggalian riwayat dan nasihat yang dilaporkan oleh dokter dan pasien berbeda. Menurut pasien, dokter seharusnya bertanya dan memberi nasihat gaya hidup sehat. Karakteristik dokter tidak berhubungan dengan penggalian riwayat dan nasihat gaya hidup sehat yang dilakukan. Penggalian riwayat tentang hidup sehat menjadi prediktor kuat dalam memberikan nasihat untuk melakukan gaya hidup sehat.Epidemiological transition has been occurred in Indonesia in the last two decades. The increasing prevalence of non communicable disease (NCD) has shifted the communicable disease. This pattern has been predicted since the 2004. National health survey reported that the Indonesian\u27 clean and healthy behavior (PHBS) related to NCD, namely, not smoking, exercise and high fiber diet were still far from the target. The role of physician, particularly primary health care is crucial to overcome those health problems. This cross sectional study aimed to assess history taking and advice on healthy life style reported by patient and physician. Participants were 57 physicians and 251 patients of primary health care (Puskesmas). Data were collected by structured questionnaires and interviews at 4 Puskesmas in Yogyakarta City and at 8 Puskesmas in Sleman District, started between September 2011 and January 2012. The results showed that physicians more carried out health advice on healthy life style than ask about them. Patients and physicians reported differently in the history taking and advice on healthy life style. Physician was more asking and advice about smoking habits than exercise and high fiber diet. Characteristics of physicians did not correlate with history taking and advice of healthy lifestyle. History taking of healthy life style was a strong predictor to conduct advice on healthy life style

Pekerja Anak, Kemiskinan, dan Nilai Ekonomi Anak, Studi Kasus Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2011

Anak yang hidup dalam kemiskinan tidak memiliki kesempatan yang sama dengan anak lainnya akan pendidikan. Karena umumnya mereka menanggung kewajiban untuk mencari nafkah atau membantu orang tua mereka dalam mencari nafkah. Provinsi Lampung memiliki tenaga kerja anak terbesar kedua di sumatera setelah provinsi Sumatera Utara. Pada juli 2012 terdapat 63,49 persen anak-anak yang berasal dari keluarga dengan status ekonomi 30 persen terbawah menjadi pekerja anak (Basis data terpadu TNP2K). Pemberian insentif pendidikan berupa penekanan biaya pendidikan belum efektif dalam menekan jumlah tenaga kerja anak. Masih tingginya nilai ekonomi anak bagi keluarga menyebabkan pengurangan jumlah tenaga kerja anak menjadi perkara yang tidak mudah. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengukur sejauh mana pengaruh nilai ekonomi anak terhadap maraknya tenaga kerja anak. Selain itu dalam tulisan ini juga ditujukan untuk melihat apakah gender turut andil dalam tenaga kerja anak. Dari permodelan regresi logistik diperoleh hasil bahwa peluang anak usia sepuluh hingga 17 tahun untuk menjadi pekerja anak pada keluarga miskin adalah sebesar 0,802 kali lebih tinggi dari pada mereka yang berasal dari keluarga tidak miskin. Nyatanya jenis kelamin seorang anak sangat mempengaruhui peluangnya untuk menjadi pekerja anak. Pada anak laki-laki peluang nya untuk menjadi pekerja anak adalah 3,26 kali lebih besar dari pada anak wanita,. Beban ekonomi yang ditanggung oleh anak lakilaki lebih tinggi dari pada anak perempuan. Tunutan untuk membantu keluarga dalam menopang perekonomian keluarga nampaknya begitu besar bagi anak laki-laki

Partisipasi Guru SMP pada Penerapan Kawasan tanpa Rokok: Studi Komparasi di Kabupaten Sleman dan Kulonprogo

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the difference of participation in non-smoking areas implementation among junior high school teachers in Kulon Progo and Sleman.Method: This research used a cross-sectional study design. The samples in this study were the junior high school teachers from Kulon Progo and Sleman District. The analysis used independent sample t-tests.Results: There was no significant difference in knowledge level, self-efficacy, smoking status and school policy in Kulon Progo and Sleman districts. There was a difference in accessibility level of information about smoking ban and teacher participation to implement non-smoking areas in Kulon Progo and Sleman.Conclusion: The most dominant factor that influenced the participation of junior high school teachers towards the implementation of nonsmoking areas in Kulon Progo Regency and in Sleman District of Yogyakarta is the accessibility of information about smoking ban

The Reflection of Family Function and Premarital Sex Behavior on Art Community

The premarital sex behavior in Indonesia based on SKRRI 2012 is a problem which requires the serious concern because it ensues unwanted pregnancy, then take the abortion and carries the venereal disease, therefore the teenager will lose their future. The risk factors related to premarital sex behavior affected by external factor such as the relationship between parents and adolescense. This is occurred in adolescenses who join in an art community of Jathilan, which is Paguyuban Turonggo Wiro Budoyo Wirobrajan Yogyakarta, where the management explains that the members do free sex and they can't do the family function especially in educating the reproduction health for teenager. This research aims to find out the reflection of family function and reproduction health of and sex in teenager of TWB Community.This research is quantitative descriptive support by qualitative. The data collecting technique is purpose sampling. The research subject is Community members of Seni Jathilan Turongo Wiro Budoyo, total 47 members. The reflection of family function in teenager of TWB community member, majority of family don't give the education function, affection function, protection function, and socialization function adolescense reproduction health, and the reflection teenager sex of TWB Community is majority doing free sex

Perceived Parental Monitoring on Adolescence Premarital Sexual Behavior in Pontianak City, Indonesia

Inadaquate parental monitoring is widely recognized as a risk factor for the development of child and adolescent conduct problems, including early premarital sexual behavior. Previous studies examining parental monitoring have largely effect to adolescents premarital sexual behavior. Parental monitoring is the most important and effective factor to prevent early adolescents sexual activity. This paper examines the role of perceived parental monitoring in adolescent\u27s premarital sexual behavior (study on Adolescent\u27s Junior High School in Pontianak). A cross-sectional study and proportionated random sampling was conducted among 402 adolescents of junior high school at six subdistricts in Pontianak. SEM analyses was conducted using SMART-PLS. Result of path analysis revealed that parental knowledge (r = 0.389) and parental-adolescence relationship (r = 0.334) had a strong influence on parental monitoring. Then, parental monitoring had a significant indirect relationship with adolescent premarital sexual behavior through attitudes about premarital sexual (path coefficient = 0.063), and attitudes about premarital sexual and intention to sexual behaviour (path coefficient = 0.03). Parental monitoring can act as protective factor in early adolescent premarital sexual behavior. Therefore, risk reduction interventions with adolescents should include their parents to learn about monitoring skill and develop skill that will allow them to buffer negative influences

Spatial Mapping Dengue Infection and Vulnerability Test on Aedes Aegypti to Organofosfat in South Denpasar District, Denpasar, Bali

Background : Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a global health problem. Denpasar City is one of the endemic areas in Bali Provincei. South of Denpasar sub-district is one of the area with the highest dengue cases in the other districts. Prolonged use organophosphates cause resistance in mosquitoes. Mapping cases of dengue infection and resistance tests organophosphates contribute to the spread of dengue infection. For that to know the mapping cases of dengue infection and susceptibility test to organophosphate in South Denpasar District. Method : Data were collected by observation, put ovitrap inside and outside the house of cases in November until February 2012 and then resistance test of mosquito larvae, mapping using a global positioning system (GPS). Analysis using spatial analysis and absorbent value (AV). Result : Tendency cases to cluster at 3000 m from health centers and further away from the health center more and more cases. Cases in crowded housing has a high tendency. Mosquito Aedes aegypti in South Denpasar District of resistance to organophosphates. Conclusion : The areas classified as resistant is Pemogan village, Sanur, Renon, Panjer and Sesetan, while the Village Sidakarya classified as sensitive. Clumped distribution pattern forming clusters of cases within 3 miles of the public health centre

Prevalensi Faktor Risiko Orang Dewasa yang Memiliki Gejala Subjektif Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Gunung Kidul

The prevalence of risk factors in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms in Gunung KidulPurposeThis study aimed to identify the risk factors of smoking, passive smoking, physical activity, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms.MethodsThis study used secondary data involving 586 participants. Data were obtained from the survey of clean and healthy behaviors conducted by the provincial health office in 2015. Samples were adults aged 18-60 and aged < 18 who have been married and settled in Gunungkidul. Analysis of the relationship between variables used chi-square and Poisson regression tests.ResultsThe prevalence of smoking was lower in those who experience coronary heart disease subjective symptoms than those who do not have this symptom. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between passive smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, level of education and coronary heart disease subjective symptoms.ConclusionThis study recommends making a regulation of non-smoking areas and its application in the society. It is also necessary to do socialization and counseling about the dangers, symptoms, and prevention of coronary heart disease

Prevalensi Sindrom Metabolik pada Pekerja Perusahaan

Sindrom metabolik adalah masalah kesehatan yang prevalensinya cenderung meningkat pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan prevalensi kasus sindrom metabolik yang terjadi pada pekerja Perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014 pada dua Perusahaan di Provinsi Riau dengan rancangan potong lintang. Sumber data adalah rekam medis pekerja yang melakukan medical check up periode Oktober 2013 hingga Februari 2014. Populasi adalah pekerja yang menderita sindrom metabolik sebanyak 131 orang. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan cara total sampling yakni 131 orang. Instrumen adalah kuesioner, international physical activity questionnaire, tabel 24 hours food recall, dan tabel bantu pencatatan komponen sindrom metabolik. Pengelolaan data dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat, dengan uji korelasi Spearmans Rho dan kai kuadrat. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan prevalensi sindrom metabolik sebanyak 21,58%, dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki, kelompok usia terbanyak adalah > 50 tahun. Sebagian besar kasus sindrom metabolik memiliki tiga komponen, dengan komponen terbanyak adalah lingkar Perut dan tekanan darah. Sebanyak 23,50% kasus memiliki riwayat keluarga obesitas dan diabetes melitus. Sebagian besar kategori aktivitas adalah sedang. Jenis asupan makanan dengan kategori tidak sesuai dengan diet adalah serat pangan dan lemak jenuh. Variabel lingkar Perut berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik serta kadar kolesterol high density lipoprotein (p 50 years. Most cases of metabolic syndrome has three components, with the largest component is the abdominal circumference and blood pressure. A total of 23.50% of cases have a family history of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Most categories of activity is moderate. Most types of food intake in the category out of dietary guidelines are dietary fiber and saturated fat. Abdominal circumference variable has a statistically significant relationship with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and high density lipoprotein (p <0.05)