Modulator on the base of ferroelectric smectite using faulty total internal reflection

The optical radiation modulator based on the effect of total internal reflection (TIR) on the interface of a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) and a glass was investigated. The new modulation scheme on the basis of the electrically controlled light TIR disturbance on the interface between FLC and a glass prism was used. The modulation depth of 0.85 was obtained for the FLC layer optical thickness of 5 μm, the control voltage of 45 v (E=2.5v/μm) and the switching time of 25 μs. The substrate configuration considered provided for the thresholdless switching. The scheme gave the opportunities to use weak electric fields (from 0.1 up to 3 v/μm), to obtain the amplitude modulation without a polaroid at an outlet and to apply electrodes on one of the substrates, which provided for the optical loss decreasing

Waveguide regime of linearly polarized light wave propagation in ferroelectric liquid crystal

The optical modulator on the base of a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) is considered. The single-component FLC with the smectic chiral phase existance in the range from 22 up to 45 °C was used in the modulator. The cell with the gyrotropy angle equal to 90 was obtained. The measurements of the optical transmission dependences on the control voltage range were realized. The cell is completely achromatic for the linear polarized light. The modulator advantages include the capabilities to obtain the complete achromatization of the electric-optical effect, to realize the wavequide regime and to achieve the modulation depth equal to 0.85 and the switching time of 80 μs at the control electric field intensity of about 0.05 v/μm

Electrooptical modes of ferroelectric liquid crystal display cells based on Bi - And multistability effects

The multistability effect exists under certain conditions in ferroelectric liquid crystal display cells (FLCDC) that means memorization of any light transmission level after the driving voltage switching off. This effect is responsible for three new electrooptical modes with continuous, memorized and reversible gray scale. The modes differ among themselves under the shape of the gray scale curve that can be either S (double or single) or V-shaped dependently on boundary conditions and crystallooptical parameters of the cell. Origin of these modes is under consideration

Search for excited taus from Z0 decays

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Measurement of Inclusive Eta Production in Hadronic Decays of the Z0

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Search for Isosinglet Neutral Heavy-Leptons in Z0 Decays

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Results from the L3 Experiment at Lep

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Search for a Z' at the Z Resonance

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