Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Problem Solving between Elementary Girl Students in Fifth Grade

Objective:The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on problem solving between elementary girl students in fifth grade. Method: The research method was quasi experimental design (two groups with pre-test and post-test) and the statistical population consisted of all elementary girl students in fifth grade in Six Educational Zone in Tehran, from whom 24 students were selected by convenience sampling and then were assigned to experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). All students in the experimental and the control groups had taken computer based London Tower Test. Then, the experimental group participated in 12 sessions of mindfulness training, the combination of general mindfulness training for children and executive mindfulness training in American elementary school (Kaiser-Greenland, 2010) modeled based on MBCT-C (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy-children) Baer’s protocol (2006), over a 8 weeks period. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA on SPSS 18 software. Results: Results of this study showed that the two groups of experimental and control were significantly different in problem solving (P<0.05) abilities

Evaluation of Urban Outdoor and its Role in Reducing Vulnerability in Crisis with Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: Tabriz City)

Since the beginning of human being creation and beginning to live in this world, man has faced the threat of terrorism and has always tried to balance security threats and human needs. In this context, passive defense is one of the most effective and lasting means of defending against threats from a long history of human. One of the solutions has proposed to reduce injuries in the threat situations is the use of open spaces . Therefore, the purpose of the research is to evaluate urban open spaces and its role in reducing vulnerability during crisis with the passive defense approach in Tabriz . The present research is descriptive-analytical and with applied approach. Sampling were selected from 100 residents of Tabriz decuple regions from questioning surveys. The data were analyzed using ARC GIS software and multi-criteria decision making methods, MCDM and fuzzy analysis. The results showed that among the weight of sub-criteria, outdoor space has the highest weight with 0.621 value and the lowest weight was assigned to the sub-criterion of relative self-sufficiency 0.023 and according to the final map of fuzzy overly map, the area of open space in reducing the vulnerability of 10 regions was 4253469 m2 with the lowest area 5.55 percent and highest area 19.39% Equal to 14849144 m2 and has the most favorable open spaces in decreasing vulnerability, and in the among of 10 regions of Tabriz, region of 5,6,7, and 9 have an important role in decreasing of vulnerability and region of 1,2,4, 8,9 and 10 have the less effect in decreasing vulnerability

Risk assessment of occupational exposure to BTEX in the National Oil Distribution Company in Iran

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the quantitative, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to BTEX using lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) in the National Company for Distribution of Petroleum Products in Iran.METHODS: In this risk assessment method, the data were collected in different parts of the company. In order to determine the concentration of BTEX, sampling was carried out in different parts using activated carbon. A Gas Chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) was used for analysis. Analysis and sampling was conducted according to the NIOSH 1500 method. For carcinogenic risk assessment, LCR was calculated. For non-carcinogenic risk assessment, HQ was calculated.RESULTS: The carcinogenetic risk of benzene was definite for loading and deep handling units, and safety officer, and was probable rank for sealing, inspection gate, security, loading 1, and deep handling units. The carcinogenic risk of ethylbenzene was definite for quality control and loading 1 units, was probable for deep handling and loading 2 units, and safety officer, and was possible for sealing, inspection gates, security units. The non-carcinogenic risk of toluene was acceptable for deep handling, clothing, inspection gates, and sealing units, but was unacceptable for officer safety, quality control, loading 1, and loading 2 units. The non-carcinogenic risk of xylene was acceptable for the inspection gate unit, but was unacceptable for security, sealing, officer safety, quality control, deep handling, loading 1, loading 2 units.CONCLUSIONS: This risk assessment method used was a comprehensive and quantitative method, so it determined risk accurately. Commensurate with the risk level of each part of the company, the appropriate corrective actions must be carried out

Explaining the patterns of the formation of a creative city with an emphasis on the role of public spaces

In modern approaches to city, township, as a strategic method in the field of thinking, planning and implementation of urban plans has been raised. This approach to the creative entry of citizens into different areas of encounter with city-related issues in order to realize the components of thinking of the right to the city (urban governance, social inclusion, cultural diversity in the city and social freedoms and rightsAccess to urban services for all residents of the city. There is a strong link between space and creativity. Creative people need space for life, work, inspiration, and display of their work. By creating stable and reliable spaces for artists, creative people and creative people. Do not have to move and migrate, which can be a threat to the survival of creativity and innovation. Therefore, provision of stable spaces for these people is essential. In this regard, public spaces can play a very important role. Additionally, by acknowledging this diversity and difference in the quality and design of public spaces, the purpose of this article is to explain the patterns of city formation and provide a model for assessing the creativity of the public spaces of the city. The present paper is a fundamental-theoretical research that studies various patterns using library studies and text readings, and evaluates models for assessing the quality and integrity of urban public spaces, and then presents a new model. First research output, expression The patterns of the formation of the city are creative and a new model is proposed to explore the creativity of the city's public spaces (second output), which consists of eight criteria (governance, religious beliefs, intellectual thinking, physical component, perceptual, visual, functional performance). Given the above criteria, creativity of public spaces depends on the conditions prevailing in different societies The set is evaluate

Risk assessment of occupational exposure to BTEX in the National Oil Distribution Company in Iran

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the quantitative, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to BTEX using lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) in the National Company for Distribution of Petroleum Products in Iran. METHODS: In this risk assessment method, the data were collected in different parts of the company. In order to determine the concentration of BTEX, sampling was carried out in different parts using activated carbon. A Gas Chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) was used for analysis. Analysis and sampling was conducted according to the NIOSH 1500 method. For carcinogenic risk assessment, LCR was calculated. For non-carcinogenic risk assessment, HQ was calculated. RESULTS: The carcinogenetic risk of benzene was definite for loading and deep handling units, and safety officer, and was probable rank for sealing, inspection gate, security, loading 1, and deep handling units. The carcinogenic risk of ethylbenzene was definite for quality control and loading 1 units, was probable for deep handling and loading 2 units, and safety officer, and was possible for sealing, inspection gates, security units. The non-carcinogenic risk of toluene was acceptable for deep handling, clothing, inspection gates, and sealing units, but was unacceptable for officer safety, quality control, loading 1, and loading 2 units. The non-carcinogenic risk of xylene was acceptable for the inspection gate unit, but was unacceptable for security, sealing, officer safety, quality control, deep handling, loading 1, loading 2 units. CONCLUSIONS: This risk assessment method used was a comprehensive and quantitative method, so it determined risk accurately. Commensurate with the risk level of each part of the company, the appropriate corrective actions must be carried out

Association of Cytochrome P450 2E1 and N-Acetyltransferase 2 Genotypes with Serum Isoniazid Level and Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity can result from genetic polymorphism of the isoniazid (INH) metabolizing enzyme. This study aimed to determine the effect of genetic polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) genes on serum isoniazid level and drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients (with and without hepatotoxicity) with pulmonary tuberculosis from June 2019 to April 2022 in Tehran (Iran). High-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the serum concentration of INH and acetylisoniazid (AcINH). NAT2 and CYP2E1 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0) with independent two-sample t test, Chi square test, or Fisher’s exact test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 40 patients showed hepatotoxicity. The risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity was significantly higher in patients who are slow acetylator (SA) phenotype than in rapid or intermediate acetylator (P<0.001). NAT2*4/*4 genotypes were not found in patients with hepatotoxicity. The frequency of NAT2*5 and NAT2*6 haplotypes and serum INH concentration was significantly higher in patients with hepatotoxicity than in those without (P=0.003, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). NAT2*4 haplotype was correlated with protection against hepatotoxicity. A combination of SA and CYP2E1 C1/C1 genotype was significantly associated with hepatotoxicity (P<0.001). Conclusion: Hepatotoxicity in Iranian patients with tuberculosis was confirmed due to the presence of NAT2 SA polymorphism. Determining NAT2 and CYP2E1 genotypes and/or INH concentration can be a valuable tool to identify patients susceptible to hepatotoxicity

Designerly Ways of Customising

The aim of this research is to investigate the designerly nature of customisation from a design cognition perspective. Mass customisation is a business strategy that provides customers with personalised products with near mass production cost and efficiency. In this thesis, customisation is assessed as a situated design task for customers. The Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) ontology of design in combination with design conceptual spaces (i.e., problem space and solution space) is used to develop a taxonomical framework for different roles of customers. The proposed framework consists of five roles, namely, Requester, Composer, Codesigner, Remixer, and Prosumer. Each role constitutes a different type of situated designerly task for customers and demands different cognitive strategies from them. This framework builds a theoretical foundation for conducting empirical studies on customers from a design perspective. Protocol study is a well-established methodology for studying designers through their verbalisations. This research adopts a protocol-coding scheme based on the FBS ontology of design to code and analyse customisation protocols. A generic software tool is developed to facilitate the analysis of multiple protocols using FBS coding scheme. 18 protocols are recorded, coded and analysed in total, including 10 customisation protocols and 8 designing protocols. The participants are 20 undergraduate industrial design students split into 10 teams of two each. The performance of participants in customisation and designing protocols was compared in terms of the occurrence of the FBS design issues and processes. According to the results of testing hypotheses, a design problem-solving process is involved in customisation session. The style of participants in problem-solving is similar between customisation and design protocols. Furthermore, in both customisation and designing protocols, participants employ similar solution-focused strategies. The results of this research contribute to our understanding of customisation as a design problem-solving activity. In addition, it introduces a new generation of decision-makers, non-designers, to the field of design studies. Finally, it facilitates quantitative studies of designing by developing a generic software tool for efficient and reliable analysis of design protocols

Superpower of intelligence

Intelligence is power and becoming smarter makes us more powerful than before, and the solution is artificial intelligence. The singularity of artificial intelligence makes us progress and contains many national interests, and governments &quot;in this article, the Chinese government&quot; should focus on the project. Invest in the so-called singularity of artificial intelligence. Any government that achieves this technology sooner will become a global leader, and this technology also has many economic benefits

Superpower of intelligence

Intelligence is power and becoming smarter makes us more powerful than before, and the solution is artificial intelligence. The singularity of artificial intelligence makes us progress and contains many national interests, and governments &quot;in this article, the Chinese government&quot; should focus on the project. Invest in the so-called singularity of artificial intelligence. Any government that achieves this technology sooner will become a global leader, and this technology also has many economic benefits.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Cladding of Cr- Modified NiAl Coating on 310 Stainless Steel Weld Cladding and Evaluation of its Wear Behavior.

In this study, a Cr-modified NiAl coating was fabricated by weld cladding technique using Gas- Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process on 310 steel. Chemical composition and microstructure of the coating was studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The wear behavior of the coated steel was examined through pin-on-disc tests at ambient temperature and 400 &deg;C. The results showed that the hardness of coated steel increased remarkably due to the formation of Cr-modified NiAl on the surface. Furthermore, the wear experiments showed that the presence of Cr-modified NiAl coating caused significant improvement in wear resistance of cladding 310 steel at both ambient temperature and 400 &deg;C. These results were discussed based on the wear mechanism obtained from examination of the worn surfaces using SEM