Infiltrazione macrofagica e densità capillare nel carcinoma della laringe. Studio su 52 casi

L’angiogenesi è uno dei sei principali meccanismi alla base del cancro, ed è stato studiato approfonditamente negli ultimi 20 anni. L’obiettivo del presente studio è stato quello di determinare sia la densità capillare sia l’infiltrato macrofagico nei campioni di carcinoma laringeo e di determinarne la correlazione con gli aspetti clinici e patologici. Sia la densità capillare (CD34) sia l’infiltrato macrofagico (CD68) sono stati determinati con metodiche immunoistochimiche mediante microarray. Il nostro campione ha mostrato una densità capillare media di 14,27 ± 12,92 vasi su campo ingrandito a 200×, e l’infiltrato macrofagico medio è stato di 5,19 ± 4,32. La densità capillare si è dimostrata superiore nei pazienti metastatici. Inoltre uno studio di regressione lineare ha mostrato che l’entità dell’infiltrato macrofagico poteva predire la densità capillare del campione di carcinoma laringeo preso in esame. Non abbiamo invece individuato una correlazione fra ambo i fattori studiati e l’incidenza delle recidive o gli altri fattori clinici presi in esame. Il nostro studio aggiunge dati ad un problema che per quanto studiato a fondo negli ultimi 20 anni resta nella sostanza controverso

Perspectives of personalized approach to prevention and treatment of anticonvulsant-induced osteoporosis via action on vitamin D exchange and VDR expression

Anticonvulsant-induced osteoporosis (AIO) and associated pain syndromes and patient disabilities are an important interdisciplinary medical problem generated by various molecular, genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms. AIO are the most important pathological processes associated with chronic pain in adults with epilepsy. Standard approaches to their prevention and treatment do not always solve the problem of the progression of the pathological process and chronicity of AIO. This is the reason for the search for new personalized strategies for the prevention and treatment of AIO. Vitamin D metabolism, expression and specificity of vitamin D receptors (VDRs) may play a key role in the development of AIO and chronic back pain in patients with epilepsy. The aim of the study was to review publications on changes in the vitamin D system in patients with AIO. We searched for articles published in e-Library, PubMed, Oxford Press, Clinical Case, Springer, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. The search was carried out by keywords and their combinations. The role of vitamin D and VDR in the development of AIO and the chronicity of back pain has been demonstrated mainly in animal models and humans. Associative genetic studies have shown that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of the VDR gene encoding VDR may be associated with the development of osteoporosis of the spine (including those associated with the intake of an anticonvulsants). The prospects for the use of vitamin D preparations for modulating the effect of anticonvulsants used to treat epilepsy are discussed. Genetic association studies of VDR gene SNVs are important for understanding the genetic predictors of AIO and chronic back pain in patients with epilepsy, as well as for developing new personalized pharmacotherapy strategies

Nutrient effects on motor neurons and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease with the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the motor cortex and lower motor neurons in the spinal cord and the brain stem. The etiology and pathogenesis of ALS are being actively studied, but there is still no single concept. The study of ALS risk factors can help to understand the mechanism of this disease development and, possibly, slow down the rate of its progression in patients and also reduce the risk of its development in people with a predisposition toward familial ALS. The interest of researchers and clinicians in the protective role of nutrients in the development of ALS has been increasing in recent years. However, the role of some of them is not well-understood or disputed. The objective of this review is to analyze studies on the role of nutrients as environmental factors affecting the risk of developing ALS and the rate of motor neuron degeneration progression. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Springer, Clinical keys, Google Scholar, and E-Library databases for publications using keywords and their combinations. We analyzed all the available studies published in 2010–2020. Discussion: We analyzed 39 studies, including randomized clinical trials, clinical cases, and metaanalyses, involving ALS patients and studies on animal models of ALS. This review demonstrated that the following vitamins are the most significant protectors of ALS development: vitamin B12, vitamin E > vitamin C > vitamin B1, vitamin B9 > vitamin D > vitamin B2, vitamin B6 > vitamin A, and vitamin B7. In addition, this review indicates that the role of foods with a high content of cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, urates, and purines plays a big part in ALS development. Conclusion: The inclusion of vitamins and a ketogenic diet in disease-modifying ALS therapy can reduce the progression rate of motor neuron degeneration and slow the rate of disease progression, but the approach to nutrient selection must be personalized. The roles of vitamins C, D, and B7 as ALS protectors need further study. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Право и экономика: современные интеграционные процессы

Монография посвящена вопросам интеграции права и экономики. Особый акцент сделан на государственном регулировании предпринимательской деятельности, развитии высокотехнологичной экономики, обеспечении финансово-экономической безопасности, правовом регулировании отдельных видов предпринимательской деятельности, а также рассмотрены новые механизмы обязательственного и договорного права. Монография является результатом научного сотрудничества ученых образовательных организаций, практических работников юридических лиц, а также молодых специалистов предпринимательской сферы. Работа выполнена в рамках исследования научной школы Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации «Государственное регулирование предпринимательской деятельности». Для юристов, экономистов, представителей органов исполнительной и законодательной власти, а также для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся рассматриваемой тематикой

Право и экономика: современные интеграционные процессы

Монография посвящена вопросам интеграции права и экономики. Особый акцент сделан на государственном регулировании предпринимательской деятельности, развитии высокотехнологичной экономики, обеспечении финансово-экономической безопасности, правовом регулировании отдельных видов предпринимательской деятельности, а также рассмотрены новые механизмы обязательственного и договорного права. Монография является результатом научного сотрудничества ученых образовательных организаций, практических работников юридических лиц, а также молодых специалистов предпринимательской сферы. Работа выполнена в рамках исследования научной школы Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации «Государственное регулирование предпринимательской деятельности». Для юристов, экономистов, представителей органов исполнительной и законодательной власти, а также для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся рассматриваемой тематикой