Utjecaj hlađenja na mikrobiološku kvalitetu površine svinjskih polovica i post mortalne procese u mesu svinja

The aim of the study was to observe the microclimatic conditions in chilling room and their influenceonpork temperature, pH value, amount of lactic acid, and microbiological quality of pig carcasses surface. During the experiment, the temperatures in chilling room and the temperatures of meat corresponded with valid food legislation. The values of relative humidity were in one third of measurements lower and in more than a half of measurements higher than limits prescribed. Higher values of relative humidity have adversely influencedthereductionof aerobic plate counts. In two cases, the non-standard post-mortal process (evaluated on the basis of pH value and the amount of lactic acid) was discovered.Cilj istraživanja je bilo praćenje mikroklimatskih uvjeta u prostoriji za hlađenje svinjetine i njihov utjecaj na temperaturu mesa, pH vrijednost, količinu mliječne kiseline kao i mikrobiološku kvalitetu površine svinjskih polovica. Tijekom pokusa temperature u prostoriji za hlađenje i temperature mesa bile su sukladne važećim propisima za hranu. Rezultati mjerenja relativne vlage su kod jedne trećine mjerenja pokazivali niže a kod više od polovine mjerenja više vrijednosti od propisanih. Više vrijednosti relativne vlage štetno su utjecale na smanjenje broja aerobnih bakterija. U dva je slučaja utvrđen nestandardni post mortalni proces (procijenjen na temelju pH vrijednosti i količine mliječne kiseline)

Electrically conductive electrospun polymeric mats for sensing dispersed vegetable oil impurities inwastewater

This paper addresses the preparation of electrically conductive electrospun mats on a base of styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer (SIS) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their application as active sensing elements for the detection of vegetable oil impurities dispersed within water. The most uniform mats without beads were prepared using tetrahydrofuran (THF)/ dimethyl formamide (DMF) 80:20 (v/v) as the solvent and 13 wt. % of SIS. The CNT content was 10 wt. %, which had the most pronounced changes in electrical resistivity upon sorption of the oil component. The sensors were prepared by deposition of the SIS/CNT layer onto gold electrodes through electrospinning and applied for sensing of oil dispersed in water for 50, 100, and 1000 ppm. - 2019 by the authors.This publication was supported by the Qatar University Collaborative Grant QUCG-CAM-19/20-2. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. The publication of this article was funded by the Qatar National Library.Scopu

Usporedba kakvoće strojno otkoštenog mesa peradi upotrebom različitih postupaka separacije

Selected parameters of quality (hydroxyproline, calcium, bone particles content, and histological determination of bone particles) of mechanically deboned poultry meat (MDPM - „firmseparation“ and soft separation „Baadermeat“) were compared. Comparison of results with composition (except bone particles) of fresh poultry meat (breast and thigh muscles) was performed. Hydroxyproline content was significantly different and the mean value of hydroxyproline content was in mechanically deboned meat more than two-fold higher in comparison with Baader meat (333.17 mg.100g-1, 152.90 mg.100g-1 respectively). Similar results were achieved in calcium content (1.94g.kg-1, 1.05 g.kg-1 respectively). The mean content of bone particles was 0.27 % (MDPM) and 0.034 % (Baader). Finally, histological determination of bone particles in MDPM and Baader meat was carried out.U radu su uspoređeni odabrani parametri kakvoće (hidroksiprolin, kalcij, sadržaj čestica kostiju i histološko određivanje čestica kostiju) strojno otkošteog mesa peradi (engl. mechanically deboned poultry meat; MDPM -„čvrsta separacija“ i „meka separacija“ „Baader meso“). Rezultati su uspoređeni sa sastavom (izuzev koštanih čestica) svje žeg pilećeg mesa (mišići prsiju i bataka). Sadržaj hidroksi prolina pokazivao je značajne razlike, a srednja vrijednost sadržaja hidroksiprolina u strojno otkoštenom mesu bila je dvostruko veća u odnosu na „Baader meso“ (333,17 mg.100g-1, odnosno 152,90 mg.100g-1). Analiza sadržaja kalcija dala je slične rezultate (1,94g.kg-1, odnosno 1,05 g.kg-1). Srednji sadržaj čestica kostiju iznosio je 0,27 % (MDPM) i 0,034 % („Baader“). Provedeno je histološko određivanje čestica kostiju u MDPM i „Baader“ mesu

On composite laminates with extensional anisotropy

The definite list of extensionally (membrane) anisotropic composite laminates with up to 21 plies is presented. The listings comprise of individual stacking sequences, which are characterized in terms of angle- and cross-ply sub-sequence relationships as well as the blend-ratio of unbalanced angle-plies. Dimensionless parameters, including lamination parameters, are provided, from which the extensional and bending stiffness terms are readily calculated and an assessment of the bending stiffness efficiency made for angle- and cross-ply sub-sequences. Comparisons are made between the structural response of extensionally-anisotropic laminates and laminates with both extensional- and bending-anisotropy; Initial- and post-buckling responses are considered at the panel level together with the static response of a complete wing-box structure

Zakonodavstvo Republike Slovačke vezano uz divljač i meso divljači

Basic legislative frame of breeding of game as farm animals is included in the Veterinary care law No. 488/2002 Z.z. with amendments, Food act No. 152/1995 Z.z. with amendments. Veterinary care law (488/2002 Z.z.) establishes veterinary requirements for live animals and also for products of animal origin, including animal products in relation to the public health protection. Government regulations were added to the Veterinary care law in the process of implementation of EU Directives into national legislation. Food act 152/1995 Z.z. establishes conditions of production of food and other animal products, their handling and placing on the market to support and protect consumers and their health, and the roles and organisation of food supervision and keeping of rules. Requirements for health safety, hygiene, composition and quality of food, ingredients, technological processes used in food production, packaging, marking, storage, transportation, handling and distribution, and also rules for sampling and sample analysis procedures are established in the Food code of the Slovak Republic.Osnovni zakonski okvir za uzgoj divljači na farmama uključen je u Zakon o veterinarskoj skrbi br. 488/2002 Z.z. s izmjenama, Zakon o hrani br. 152/1995 Z.z. s izmjenama. Zakon o veterinarskoj skrbi (488/2002 Z.z.) određuje veterinarske zahtjeve za žive životinje kao i za namirnice životinjskog porijekla, uključivši životinjske proizvode, a koji se odnose na zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja. U Zakon o veterinarskoj skrbi dodani su državni propisi u procesu primjene EU propisa u nacionalno zakonodavstvo. Zakon o hrani br. 152/1995 Z.z. određuje uvjete proizvodnje hrane i drugih životinjskih proizvoda, rukovanje s istima te stavljanje namirnica životinjskog porijekla na tržište u cilju potpore i zaštite potrošača i njihovog zdravlja, kao i ulogu i organizaciju zdravstvenog nadzora namirnica, te poštivanje propisa. Zakon o hrani Republike Slovačke određuje zahtjeve za zdravstvenu i higijensku ispravnost namirnica, njihov sastav i kakvoću, sastojke, tehnološke procese koji se primjenjuju u proizvodnji hrane, opremanje, označavanje, skladištenje, prijevoz, rukovanje i promet, kao i propise za uzorkovanje i postupke analize uzoraka

Biotechnological production process and life cycle assessment of graphene

The aim of this study is to compare the graphene produced using a biotechnological method (Escherichia coli) with the graphene produced by Hummers' method (a chemical method) and to study the effect on the energy consumption and environment. The results indicated that the chemical reduction process has higher energy consumption, approximately 1642 Wh, than the energy consumption of the biotechnological reduction process, which is 5 Wh. The potential of global warming (GWP 100) improved by 71% using the biotechnological route for the production of graphene. Abiotic depletion, the photochemical ozone creation potential, and marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential were improved when the biological route was employed, compared with the chemical route. The eutrophication potential, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and ozone depletion layer changed very little since the main variables involved in the production of graphene oxide and waste management are the same. The biotechnological method can be considered a green technique for the production of graphene, especially given the reduction in the negative effects on global warming, abiotic depletion, the photochemical ozone creation potential, and the marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential

Biotechnological production process and life cycle assessment of graphene

The aim of this study is to compare the graphene produced using a biotechnological method (Escherichia coli) with the graphene produced by Hummers' method (a chemical method) and to study the effect on the energy consumption and environment. The results indicated that the chemical reduction process has higher energy consumption, approximately 1642 Wh, than the energy consumption of the biotechnological reduction process, which is 5 Wh. The potential of global warming (GWP 100) improved by 71% using the biotechnological route for the production of graphene. Abiotic depletion, the photochemical ozone creation potential, and marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential were improved when the biological route was employed, compared with the chemical route. The eutrophication potential, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and ozone depletion layer changed very little since the main variables involved in the production of graphene oxide and waste management are the same. The biotechnological method can be considered a green technique for the production of graphene, especially given the reduction in the negative effects on global warming, abiotic depletion, the photochemical ozone creation potential, and the marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential

Herd-level risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in England and Wales after the 2001 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic

We present the results of a 2005 case–control study of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) breakdowns in English and Welsh herds. The herd management, farming practices, and environmental factors of 401matched pairs of case and control herds were investigated to provide a picture of herd-level risk factors in areas of varying bTB incidence. A global conditional logistic regression model, with region-specific variants, was used to compare case herds that had experienced a confirmed bTB breakdown to contemporaneous control herds matched on region, herd type, herd size, and parish testing interval. Contacts with cattle from contiguous herds and sourcing cattle from herds with a recent history of bTB were associated with an increased risk in both the global and regional analyses. Operating a farm over several premises, providing cattle feed inside the housing, and the presence of badgers were also identified as significantly associated with an increased bTB risk. Steps taken to minimize cattle contacts with neighboring herds and altering trading practices could have the potential to reduce the size of the bTB epidemic. In principle, limiting the interactions between cattle and wildlife may also be useful; however this study did not highlight any specific measures to implement