Spatial mapping of ices in the Ophiuchus-F core. A direct measurement of CO depletion and the formation of CO_2

Wetensch. publicati

Mechanisms of attention for cues associated with rewarding and aversive outcomes

Attentional biases arising from classical conditioning processes may contribute to the maintenance of drug addictions and anxiety disorders. This thesis examined whether attentional mechanisms for conditioned stimuli (CS) would be dominated by affective properties (Lang, Greenwald, Bradley, & Hamm, 1993), or the uncertainty of the stimulus in predicting the outcome (Pearce & Hall, 1980). In chapter one affective and uncertainty-driven mechanisms of attention are discussed in relation to rewarding and aversive outcomes. In experimental chapter 2 methodological issues are addressed. In experimental chapters three and four attentional mechanisms are tested using a discriminative conditioning procedure with visual stimuli of varying predictive certainty (CS+,CS+/-,CS-) for a monetary or noise outcome (US). Attention was measured using an eye-tracker, and emotional conditioning and learning were measured using Likert scales. It was found that attention was mediated by uncertainty (chapter 3), but increasing the intensity of the outcome switched attention to affective-driven mechanisms for the noise outcome (chapter 4). In a further experiment this effect on attention remained for the noise outcome even under conditions promoting uncertainty-driven mechanisms (chapter 6). When cigarettes were the unconditioned stimuli instead of money in the appetitive conditioning, attention was also mediated by stimulus affect (chapter 5). In chapter 7 the data are discussed and it is concluded that when the outcome is highly emotionally salient, affective-driven mechanisms of attention dominate over uncertainty

Stringent upper limits to the solid NH3 abundance towards W 33A from near-IR spectroscopy with the Very Large Telescope

Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe

Spitzer Space Telescope spectroscopy of ices toward low-mass embedded protostars

Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe

Detection of abundant solid methanol toward young low mass stars

Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe

2D/3D Continuum Modeling of Proto-Planetary Disks Observed in the c2d Spitzer Legacy Program

Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe

Combined VLT ISAAC/ISO SWS spectroscopy of two protostellar sources. The importance of minor solid state features

Wetensch. publicatieFaculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappe

Spectral Mapping of Rotational Lines of H2 in the Serpens Star-forming Core with Spitzer-IRS

LPI Contribution No. 128

Disk Evolution in Serpens After c2d Spitzer Mapping

LPI Contribution No. 128