БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ ПРИ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ ОТХОДОВ

Modern biotechnology is a direction designed to find ways of industrial application of biological agents and processes. This is a complex multidisciplinary field, including microbiological synthesis, genetic, protein and cell engineering, engineering enzymology. Biotechnology is mainly based on the use of microorganisms. Therefore, the knowledge accumulated by microbiology about the diversity of the world, about the structure, genetics, physiology, variability, ecology of microbes creates a scientific basis for the development of many biotechnological industries. Traditional raw materials for various branches of the chemical and processing industries (oil and gas) are depleted, and this will lead to the fact that biomass resources will be increasingly used. In addition to new methods for producing chemicals from biomass, bio-technology also gives us more efficient and industrial catalysts for chemical interconversions. A promising area for further development is the production of valuable substances from plants, such as terpenes and alkaloids used in the manufacture of drugs; currently 25 % of all medicines are made from plants. Using animal cells, the production of viruses for vaccines is possible. In the long term, these are hepatitis A, hepatitis B, herpes type 1 viruses, herpes type 2 viruses, as well as viruses that cause colds, some forms of cancer and dental caries. Indexing:             Современная биотехнология – это направление, призванное изыскивать пути промышленного применения биологических агентов и процессов. Это комплексная многопрофильная область, включающая микробиологический синтез, генетическую, белковую и клеточную инженерию, инженерную энзимологию.  Биотехнология в основном опирается на использование микроорганизмов. Поэтому знания, накопленные микробиологией о многообразии мира, о строении, генетике, физиологии, изменчивости, экологии микробов создают научную основу для развития многих биотехнологических производств. Традиционное сырье для различных отраслей химической и перерабатывающей промышленности (нефть и газ) истощается, а это приведет к тому, что всё более широко будут использоваться ресурсы биомассы.  Помимо новых способов получения химических веществ из биомассы, биотехнология дает нам также более эффективные и производственные катализаторы для осуществления химических взаимопревращений.  Многообещающей областью дальнейшего развития представляется производство ценных веществ из растений, например терпенов и алкалоидов, используемых при производстве лекарств; в настоящее время 25 % всех лекарств производится из растений. С помощью животных клеток возможна продукция вирусов для получения вакцин. В перспективе это вирусы гепатита А, гепатита Б, герпеса типа 1, герпеса типа 2, а также вирусы, вызывающие простудные заболевания, некоторые формы рака и зубной кариес.  Індексація:               &nbsp

An axially symmetric solution of metric-affine gravity

We present an exact stationary {\it axially symmetric} vacuum solution of metric-affine gravity (MAG) which generalises the recently reported spherically symmetric solution. Besides the metric, it carries nonmetricity and torsion as post-Riemannian geometrical structures. The parameters of the solution are interpreted as mass and angular momentum and as dilation, shear and spin charges.Comment: 5 pages, RevTe

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR WASTE PROCESSING

Modern biotechnology is a direction designed to find ways of industrial application of biological agents and processes. This is a complex multidisciplinary field, including microbiological synthesis, genetic, protein and cell engineering, engineering enzymology. Biotechnology is mainly based on the use of microorganisms. Therefore, the knowledge accumulated by microbiology about the diversity of the world, about the structure, genetics, physiology, variability, ecology of microbes creates a scientific basis for the development of many biotechnological industries. Traditional raw materials for various branches of the chemical and processing industries (oil and gas) are depleted, and this will lead to the fact that biomass resources will be increasingly used. In addition to new methods for producing chemicals from biomass, bio-technology also gives us more efficient and industrial catalysts for chemical interconversions. A promising area for further development is the production of valuable substances from plants, such as terpenes and alkaloids used in the manufacture of drugs; currently 25 % of all medicines are made from plants. Using animal cells, the production of viruses for vaccines is possible. In the long term, these are hepatitis A, hepatitis B, herpes type 1 viruses, herpes type 2 viruses, as well as viruses that cause colds, some forms of cancer and dental caries