18 research outputs found
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Implantable loop recorder as a strategy following cardiovascular implantable electronic device extraction without reimplantation.
BACKGROUND: Limited data exists for outcomes in patients undergoing cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) transvenous lead extraction (TLE) without clear indications for device reimplantation. The implantable loop recorder (ILR) may be an effective strategy for continuous monitoring in select individuals. OBJECTIVE: This retrospective analysis aims to investigate patients who have undergone ILR implant following TLE without CIED reimplantation. METHODS: Clinical data from consecutive patients who have undergone TLE with ILR implant and without CIED reimplantation from October 2016 to May 2020 at a single center were collected. RESULTS: Among 380 patients undergoing TLE, 28 (7.7%) underwent ILR placement without CIED reimplantation. TLE indications were systemic infection (n = 13, 46.4%), pain at the site (n = 8, 28.6%), device/lead malfunction (n = 4, 14.2%), and other. Devices extracted included: dual-chamber and single-chamber pacemaker (n = 14, 50%; n = 4, 14.2%), dual-chamber implantable cardiac defibrillator (n = 10; 35.7%), and cardiac-resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (n = 1, 3.5%). Reasons for no reimplantation included no longer meeting CIED criteria (n = 14, 50%), patient preference (n = 9, 32.1%), and no clear or inappropriate indication for initial CIED implantation (n = 5, 18%). During an average of 12.3 ± 13.1 months of follow-up, there were no lethal arrhythmias, and four (13.3%) patients underwent permanent pacemaker reimplantation due to symptomatic sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block with syncope as discovered on ILR. Three patients died due to unknown causes (n = 1), noncardiac (n = 1), and acute coronary syndrome (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing TLE without reimplantation, an ILR may be an effective monitoring strategy in patients at low risk for cardiac arrhythmia
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AUTOMATED ELECTRONIC ALERTS FOR DETECTION OF INFECTED CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE IN PATIENTS WITH BACTEREMIA
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Implementation and Outcomes of a Mobile Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Program in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in the United States around March 2020. Because of limited access to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the authors' region, a mobile ECMO team was implemented by April 2020 to serve patients with COVID-19. Several logistical and operational needs were assessed and addressed to ensure a successful program, including credentialing, equipment management, and transportation. A multidisciplinary team was included in the planning, decision-making, and implementation of the mobile ECMO. From April 2020 to January 2021, mobile ECMO was provided to 22 patients in 13 facilities across four southern California counties. The survival to hospital discharge of patients with COVID-19 who received mobile ECMO was 52.4% (11 of 21) compared with 45.2% (14 of 31) for similar patients cannulated in-house. No significant patient or transportation complications occurred during mobile ECMO. Neither the ECMO nor transport teams experianced unprotected exposures to or infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Herein, the implementation of the mobile ECMO team is reviewed, and patient characteristics and outcomes are described
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Prevalence and Short-Term Clinical Outcome of Mobile Thrombi Detected on Transvenous Leads in Patients Undergoing Lead Extraction.
This study sought to prospectively evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term major clinical outcomes of mobile thrombus detected on transvenous leads in patients undergoing lead extraction.The prevalence and clinical significance of thrombus on transvenous leads in patients undergoing lead extraction is not well characterized.Consecutive patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction for noninfectious indications were enrolled. Preoperative transesophageal echocardiograms were performed prospectively for all patients to examine for mobile thrombus. Anticoagulation was not started for thrombus unless other indications were present. Clinical endpoints of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity (symptomatic pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accident) were assessed at a minimum of 2-month follow-up.A total of 108 patients underwent lead extraction for noninfectious indications. Lead thrombi were detected in 20 (18.5%) patients and all were <2 cm. Clinical and lead characteristics were not associated with formation of lead thrombi, except for younger patient age. In patients with detected thrombi, there were no short-term deaths, symptomatic pulmonary embolisms, or myocardial infarctions, except 1 patient with a stroke 3 months after lead extraction (7% vs. 5%; p = 1.00). Median follow-up was 9 months.Mobile thrombi on transvenous leads are commonly found in patients referred for transvenous lead extraction and are rarely associated with acute major adverse outcomes. Careful extraction of leads with small incidentally detected thrombi can likely be performed without major acute clinical sequelae. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to further assess the long-term clinical significance of lead thrombi
Treatment of Bronchopleural and Alveolopleural Fistulas in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, a Case Series and Literature Review
ObjectivesTo describe a ventilator and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management strategy for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome complicated by bronchopleural and alveolopleural fistula with air leaks.Design setting and participantsCase series from 2019 to 2020. Single tertiary referral center-University of California, San Diego. Four patients with various etiologies of acute respiratory distress syndrome, including influenza, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia, e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury, and coronavirus disease 2019, complicated by bronchopleural and alveolopleural fistula and chest tubes with air leaks.Measurements and main resultsBronchopleural and alveolopleural fistula closure and survival to discharge. All four patients were placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with ventilator settings even lower than Extracorporeal Life Support Organization guideline recommended ultraprotective lung ventilation. The patients bronchopleural and alveolopleural fistulas closed during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and minimal ventilatory support. All four patients survived to discharge.ConclusionsIn patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopleural and alveolopleural fistula with persistent air leaks, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to allow for even lower ventilator settings than ultraprotective lung ventilation is safe and feasible to mediate bronchopleural and alveolopleural fistula healing
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Prevalence and Short-Term Clinical Outcome of Mobile Thrombi Detected on Transvenous Leads in Patients Undergoing Lead Extraction.
This study sought to prospectively evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term major clinical outcomes of mobile thrombus detected on transvenous leads in patients undergoing lead extraction.The prevalence and clinical significance of thrombus on transvenous leads in patients undergoing lead extraction is not well characterized.Consecutive patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction for noninfectious indications were enrolled. Preoperative transesophageal echocardiograms were performed prospectively for all patients to examine for mobile thrombus. Anticoagulation was not started for thrombus unless other indications were present. Clinical endpoints of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity (symptomatic pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular accident) were assessed at a minimum of 2-month follow-up.A total of 108 patients underwent lead extraction for noninfectious indications. Lead thrombi were detected in 20 (18.5%) patients and all were <2 cm. Clinical and lead characteristics were not associated with formation of lead thrombi, except for younger patient age. In patients with detected thrombi, there were no short-term deaths, symptomatic pulmonary embolisms, or myocardial infarctions, except 1 patient with a stroke 3 months after lead extraction (7% vs. 5%; p = 1.00). Median follow-up was 9 months.Mobile thrombi on transvenous leads are commonly found in patients referred for transvenous lead extraction and are rarely associated with acute major adverse outcomes. Careful extraction of leads with small incidentally detected thrombi can likely be performed without major acute clinical sequelae. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to further assess the long-term clinical significance of lead thrombi
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Ventricular arrhythmias in patients with biventricular assist devices.
PURPOSE: Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are common in patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implant and are associated with worse outcomes. However, the prevalence and impact of VA in patients with durable biventricular assist device (BIVAD) is unknown. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with BIVADs to evaluate the prevalence of VA and their clinical outcomes. METHODS: Consecutive patients who received a BIVAD between June 2014 and July 2017 at our medical center were included. The prevalence of VA, defined as sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation requiring defibrillation or ICD therapy, was compared between BIVAD patients and a propensity-matched population of patients with LVAD from our center. The occurrence of adverse clinical events was compared between BIVAD patients with and without VA. RESULTS: Of the 13 patients with BIVADs, 6 patients (46%) experienced clinically significant VA, similar to a propensity-matched LVAD population (38%, p = 1.00). There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two cohorts, except patients in the non-VA group who had worse hemodynamics (mitral regurgitation and right-sided indices), had less history of VA, and were younger. BIVAD patients with VA had a higher incidence of major bleeding (MR 3.05 (1.07-8.66), p = 0.036) and worse composite outcomes (log-rank test, p = 0.046). The presence of VA was associated with worse outcomes in both LVAD and BIVAD groups. CONCLUSIONS: Ventricular arrhythmias are common in patients with BIVADs and are associated with worse outcomes. Future work should assess whether therapies such as ablation improve the outcome of BIVAD patients with VA