Pancreatogenic infections: importance of microbiological monitoring and penetration of antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents into the pancreas when defining therapeutic approach

The review provides the information on the spectrum of microorganisms initiating the development of clinical and morphological forms of pancreatogenic infections. It is shown that when analyzing pathological conditions, no features in the microbiological landscape of the secondary infection in the pancreas and the surrounding extraperitoneal cellular tissue are registere

Approaches to antibiotic therapy in patients with calculous pyelonephritis, undergoing in-patient treatment in the department of urology

To study the structure of pathogens and their sensitivity to antibiotics in patients with calculous pyelonephritis undergoing treatment in the department of urology of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital in 2013-2015. To determine the antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents for initial and etiological antibiotic therapy of patients with calculous pyelonephritis in the department of urology of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospita

Analysis of dynamics of antibiotic resistance of pathogens in patients with diabetic foot syndrome undergoing in-patient treatment

In this paper we discuss the approaches to the choice of antibiotic therapy, subject to the sensitivity of these microorganisms to antibiotic therapy in the surgical department of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital. The obtained data state that III-IV generation pseudomonas cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones can be used for empirical therap

Use of L-arginine immobilised on activated carbon for pharmacological correction of endothelial disfunction

For the first time a complex of L-arginine sodium salt of sulfate of cellulose acetate on activated carbon. To investigate the processes of sorption-desorption of L-arginine in a model environmen

sVCAM-1 as a Marker of Endothelial Dysfunction associated with Severe Course of a Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19)

Aim. To study the association of the level of endothelial dysfunction marker sVCAM-1 with the severe course of COVID-19.Material and methods. The study included 100 patients with COVID-19, who were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of lung damage based on the results of computed tomography (CT): group CT 1 – 29 patients, group CT 2 – 61 patients and the group CT 3 – 10 patients. In addition to the standard examination performed for coronavirus infection, all patients underwent carotid Doppler ultrasound, analysis of arterial stiffness indices (CAVI, ABI) using the VaSera device, and evaluation of the plasma sVCAM-1 concentration by ELISA.Results. The plasma sVCAM-1 concentration was significantly higher in the groups of patients with moderately severe (CT 2) and severe (CT 3) lung lesions than in patients with mild lesions (CT 1). In the general group of patients significant correlations were found between the plasma sVCAM-1 concentration and the level of oxygen saturation (r=-0.39, p=0.032), hospital length of stay (r=0.24, p=0.026), values of C-reactive protein (r=0.25, p=0.042), ferritin (r=0.38, p=0.021), LDH (r=0.52, p=0.015) , as well as the percentage of pulmonary involvement according to CT data at admission (r=0.41, p=0.019) and on the day of discharge (r=0.35, p=0.022). According to multivariate regression analysis, sVCAM-1 does not depend upon gender, age, body mass index (BMI), the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, and is a marker associated with cytokine storm progression, intermediate negative dynamics according to CT data, and need for respiratory support. The presence of type 2 diabetes, as well as elevated sVCAM-1 concentrations, is associated with an increased risk of high-dose glucocorticosteroid therapy. The threshold levels of this marker were calculated for each of the above events. We revealed a correlation between the sVCAM-1 concentration and the carotid intimal medial thickness in the general group of patients (r=0.25, p=0.036).Conclusion. An increase in the plasma sVCAM-1 concentration reflects the progression of endothelial dysfunction, one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The latter necessitates the need for endothelium protective therapy for these patients. The evaluation of sVCAM-1 in blood plasma is a promising diagnostic technique aimed at predicting the risk of a severe course of COVID-19 and its long-term health hazards

Prospects for the use of fecal microbiota transplantation in obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for weight loss and improvement of insulin sensitivity

Concerning the uncontrolled growth in the incidence of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), numerous research have been carried out to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of progress of these diseases and development of new methods for their prevention and treatment in recent years. T2DM is known to be a multifactorial disease, in the development of which both lifestyle and various environmental factors, and genetic predisposition are involved. At the same time, in recent years, a theory has been discussed that intestinal dysbiosis, which is caused with quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota (GM) is one of the mechanisms of obesity and T2DM development. At the moment, various methods have been proposed for restoring the normal composition of GM, including the administration of prebiotics and metabiotics that stimulate the growth of gut flora, as well as probiotics, which directly include the necessary beneficial bacteria (mainly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). Fecal microflora transplantation (FMT), which allows transferring an entire microbial community into the recipient's body, rather than individual bacteria is the newest and least studied method of GM normalization. In this connection, this method of GM influencing is of great interest for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases

PRECLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ALLERGENIC EFFECT OF THE DRUG BASED ON THE PHENOLIC COMPOUND KUD975

Introduction: Vascular endothelium is a cellular monolayer that covers the internal lumen of all blood vessels, thus separating blood from the vessel wall and tissues. The study of the role of endothelium in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases led to an understanding of the concept of it as a target for the prevention and treatment of these pathologies. Research tasks: The purpose of this study was preclinical study of the allergic effect of the drug KUD975, based on a phenolic compound, which is a selective inhibitor of arginase 2. Methods: Experiments on the allergic properties of the phenolic compound KUD975, which is a selective inhibitor of arginase II, were carried out on albino sexually mature guinea pigs weighing 300 ± 20 g. The preparation was administered intragastrically as a suspension in a 1% starch paste using a specially prepared atraumatic probe at 0, 1 ml of suspension per 10 g of body weight of animals. As a control, we used data obtained in animals with intragastric administration of the corresponding volume of placebo-1% starch paste. Results: In the course of the study of the allergic properties of KUD975, when the reaction of active cutaneous anaphylaxis was formulated, it was found that the studied preparation in two and eight times daily therapeutic dosages did not possess allergic properties In the course of the study of the allergic properties of KUD975 in the formulation of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, it was found that the study drug in two and eight times daily therapeutic dosages had no allergenic properties. Erythema, or, especially, infiltration and the appearance of ulcers at the site of administration as a resolving dose of the drug, as well as in the control of reactivity, were not observed in any animal participating in the experiment. Conclusion: When investigating the allergenic properties of the phenolic compound KUD975, which is a selective inhibitor of arginase II in the reaction of active cutaneous anaphylaxis, it was found that the study preparation in two and eight times daily therapeutic dosages does not have allergic properties. In the reaction of active cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs, the allergic properties of KUD975 in two and eight times daily therapeutic dosages were not detected Key words: compounds of phenolic nature, allergic action, endothelium, inhibitors of arginase I

Role of indole derivative SS-68 in increasing the frequency range of cardiac rhythm control (reflex stimulation of the sinoatrial node)

The substance SS-68 increases the frequency range of heart rhythm control by activating reflex stimulation of the sinoatrial node. The main point of application of SS-68 is the medulla oblongata. Glow in the high-frequency electromagnetic field reflects the process of neuron excitatio

Predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with COVID-19

Early diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) predictors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the appointment of additional therapy to prevent arrhythmias will improve the prognosis of patients.Aim. To identify predictors of AF in patients with COVID-19.Material and methods. This retrospective study included 1473 patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Depending on AF occurrence, the patients were divided into 2 groups as follows: group I included 95 patients with AF episodes during hospitalization; group II consisted of 1378 patients who did not have AF during hospitalization. All patients underwent a complete blood count and urine tests, a biochemical and coagulation blood tests, 12-lead electrocardiography, chest computed tomography (CT), and echocardiography.Results. Chest CT found that lung tissue involvement in patients of group I was significantly greater than in group II (p<0,05). The number of patients with significant lung involvement >50% (CT-3 and CT-4) was significantly higher in the AF group than in the control group. The average room air oxygen saturation upon admission to the hospital were significantly lower in patients with AF than in the comparison group (p<0,05). Multivariate analysis showed that following factors have a significant effect on AF development in COVID-19 patients: age >60 years, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, increased left atrial volume, large lung tissue involvement, and increased interleukin- 6 level.Conclusion. There are two following groups of predictors initiating AF in COVID-19: generally known (older age, cardiovascular disease, increased left atrial volume) and those that determine the severe COVID-19 course (large lung damage and high interleukin-6 levels)